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Studies on the extraction of polyphenolic compounds from pre-consumer organic solid waste
Selvakumar P.,Sivashanmugam P. 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.82 No.-
Waste disposal and treatment are some of the major problems faced in food processing industries, and improper disposal can cause damages to the environment along with adverse effect on human health. Since these wastes contain important biologically active compounds, they can effectively contribute to the production of value added products. The extraction of polyphenolic compounds from pomegranate fruit peel using different solvents with the assistance of non-ionic surfactant dimethyl sulfoxide was investigated. The maximum extract yield and total polyphenolic content obtained were 29.3 ± 0.4 and 32.62 ± 0.2%, respectively. The extracted polyphenolic compounds could be used for the manufacturing of many value added products.
Studies on Effect of Temperature and Relative Humidity on Aspergillosis in Silkworm, Bombyx mori L.
Singh, G.P.,Sharma, S.D.,Selvakumar, T.,Natraju, B.,Datta, R.K. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2002 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.5 No.1
The growth and multiplication of Aspergillus flavus Link and A. tamarii Kita were observed in vitro under variable temperatures of $22-31^{\circ}C$. The matte weight of mycelium and number of conidia/ml were significantly higher (P < 0.01) at the higher temperature than the lower temperature in both the species of Aspergillus. In vivo the mortality in silkworm, Bombyx mori L. with the infection of Aspergillus species was significantly (P < 0.01) different at different temperature and relative humidity conditions.
Selvakumar T.,Nataraju B.,Chandrasekharan K.,Sharma S. D.,Balavenkatasubbaiah M.,Sudhakara Rao P.,Thiagarajan V.,Dandin S. B. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2005 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.11 No.1
While observing silkworm larval samples received from field, microsporidian spores formed within the haemocytes of silkworm haemolymph were observed. The spores of microsporidian sp. were purified and characterized for morphological characters viz., size, shape as well as serological affinity with different Nosema spp. (M$_{11}$ and M$_{12}$). The infectivity of the isolated spores to silkworm was also studied. The microsporidian sp. was found to be highly pathogenic to silkworm, B. mori. The isolated microsporidian sp. was designated as NIK-5hm, which formed ovocylindrical spore in the haemocytes of silkworm and differed in spore size (length, 4.55 $\mu$m & width, 2.10 $\mu$m) and shape from Nosema bombycis (NIK-ls), NIK-2r (Nosema sp. Mysore [3.6 & 2.8 $\mu$m]), NIK-3h (Nosema sp. M$_{11}$ [3.8 & 1.8 $\mu$m]), NIK-4m (Nosema sp. M$_{12}$ [5.0 & 2.1 $\mu$m]) and Lb$_{ms}$ (Nosema sp. in Lamerine breed of silkworm [4.36 & 2.14]). In immonological test (Latex agglutination test), the isolated microsporidian spores did not react with antibody sensitized latex particles of N. bombycis, M$_{11}$, M$_{12}$ and Lb$_{ms}$ and thus are different type of microsporidian sp., parasitic to silkworm, Bombyx mori L.
( T. Selvakumar ),( B. Nataraju ),( K. Chandrasekharan ),( S. D. Sharma ),( M. Balavenkatasubbaiah ),( P. Sudhakara Rao ),( V. Thiagarajan ),( S. B. Dandin ) 한국잠사학회 2005 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.11 No.1
While observing silkworm larval samples received from field, microsporidian spores formed within the haemocytes of silkworm haemolymph were observed. The spores of microsporidian sp. were purified and characterized for morphological characters viz., size, shape as well as serological affinity with different Nosema spp. (M11 and M12). The infectivity of the isolated spores to silkworm was also studied. The microsporidian sp. was found to be highly pathogenic to silkworm, B. mori. The isolated microsporidian sp. was designated as NIK-5hm, which formed ovocylindrical spore in the haemocytes of silkworm and differed in spore size (length, 4.55 μm & width, 2.10 μm) and shape from Nosema bombycis (NIK-1s), NIK-2r (Nosema sp. Mysore [3.6 & 2.8 μm]), NIK-3h (Nosema sp. M11 [3.8 & 1.8 μm]), NIK-4m (Nosema sp. M12 [5.0 & 2.1 μm]) and Lb㎳ (Nosema sp. in Lamerine breed of silkworm [4.36 & 2.14]). In immonological test (Latex agglutination test), the isolated microsporidian spores did not react with antibody sensitized latex particles of N. bombycis, M11, M12 and Lb㎳ and thus are different type of microsporidian sp., parasitic to silkworm, Bombyx mori L.
Singh, G.P.,Sharma, S.D.,Selvakumar, T.,Nataraju, B.,Datta, R.K. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2002 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.4 No.1
Seven fungicides viz., salcylic acid, bacistin (Carbandazim 50% WP), bayleton (Triadimefon 25% WP), Dithane M-45 (Mancozeb 75% WP), captan (Captaf 50% WP) formaldehyde and benzoic acid at three concentrations (0.50,0.75 and 1.0%) and ten plant products viz., Hena leaf, garlic bulb, tomato leaf, mango bark, cotton leaf, turmeric powder, onion, tulsi leaf, neem leaf and ginger at 1.0,2.0 and 3.0% concentrations were screened against Aspergillus flavus and A. tamarii in vitro. Among fungicides, salcylic acid and bavistin and among plants Hena and Mango bark powder were found to be very effective at all concentrations tested. Based on in vitro screening, only selected six fungicides at 1.0, 1.5 and 2.(0% and six plants at 2.0,4.0 and 6.0% concentrations were tested in vivo for controlling Aspergillosis in silkworm. Salcylic acid and bavistin fungicides and Hena leaf powder and Mango bark powder have shown considerable effect in controlling Aspergillus infection in silkworm at all concentrations tested.
Govindhasamy Pushpavathi Selvakumar,Mohammad Ejaz Ahmed,Shankar S. Iyer,Ramasamy Thangavel,Duraisamy Kempuraj,Sudhanshu P. Raikwar,Kieran Bazley,Kristopher Wu,Asher Khan,Klaudia Kukulka,Bret Bussinger 한국뇌신경과학회 2020 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.29 No.3
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes disability and death, accelerating the progression towards Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease (PD). TBI causes serious motor and cognitive impairments, as seen in PD that arise during the period of the initial insult. However, this has been understudied relative to TBI induced neuroinflammation, motor and cognitive decline that progress towards PD. Neuronal ubiquitin-C-terminal hydrolaseL1 (UCHL1) is a thiol protease that breaks down ubiquitinated proteins and its level represents the severity of TBI. Previously, we demonstrated the molecular action of glia maturation factor (GMF); a proinflammatory protein in mediating neuroinflammation and neuronal loss. Here, we show that the weight drop method induced TBI neuropathology using behavioral tests, western blotting, and immunofluorescence techniques on sections from wild type (WT) and GMF-deficient (GMF-KO) mice. Results reveal a significant improvement in substantia nigral tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter expression with motor behavioral performance in GMF-KO mice following TBI. In addition, a significant reduction in neuroinflammation was manifested, as shown by activation of nuclear factor-kB, reduced levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2 expressions. Likewise, neurotrophins including brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial-derived neurotrophic factor were significantly improved in GMF-KO mice than WT 72 h post-TBI. Consistently, we found that TBI enhances GFAP and UCHL-1 expression and reduces the number of dopaminergic TH-positive neurons in WT compared to GMF-KO mice 72 h post-TBI. Interestingly, we observed a reduction of THpositive tanycytes in the median eminence of WT than GMF-KO mice. Overall, we found that absence of GMF significantly reversed these neuropathological events and improved behavioral outcome. This study provides evidence that PD-associated pathology progression can be initiated upon induction of TBI.
A novel fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces on aluminium substrate by picosecond pulsed laser
R. Samuel Sanjay Raja,P. Selvakumar,P. Dinesh Babu 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.4
Superhydrophobic surfaces have emerged because of their unique properties like corrosion resistance, self-cleaning, anti-icing and being anti-bacterial. A simplistic and highly effective ultra-fast laser technology was used to fabricate superhydrophobic surface on aluminum substrate. Compared to other laser systems, picosecond laser systems have smaller thermal affected area on the aluminum substrate. They also offer high efficiency, not as much of waste materials and cover enormous areas for mass production. Tilted groove patterns of various angles with respect to horizontal were textured on the substrate by using picosecond laser pulses. The laser parameters, such as hatching distance (HD) and scanning speed (SS), can be varied by keeping the laser power as constant for the various tilted angle of the groove pattern. The textured surfaces were initially super hydrophilic when kept in polyethylene zip lock cover and which also exhibits super hydrophobicity of maximum 155.5° when observed after 15 days. The morphology of surface was characterized by scanning electron microscope, EDX and X-ray diffraction.
G. Suneel,S. Rajasekaran,J. Selvakumar,Chetan P. Kaushik,J.K. Gayen,K.V. Ravi 한국원자력학회 2019 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.51 No.3
Vitrification of radioactive liquid waste (RLW) provides a feasible solution for isolating radionuclidesfrom the biosphere for an extended period. In vitrification, base glass and radioactive waste are addedsimultaneously into the melter. Determination of heat and mass transfer rates is necessary for rationaldesign and sizing of melter. For obtaining an assured product quality, knowledge of reaction kineticsassociated with the thermal decomposition of waste constituents is essential. In this study Thermogravimetry(TG) - Differential Thermogravimetry (DTG) of eight kinds of nitrates and two oxides, whichare major components of RLW, is investigated in the temperature range of 298e1273 K in the presence ofbase glasses of five component (5C) and seven component (7C). Studies on thermal behavior of constituentsin RLW were carried out at heating rates ranging from 10 to 40 K min 1 using TG e DTG. Thermal behavior and related kinetic parameters of waste constituents, in the presence of 5C and 7C baseglass compositions were also investigated. The activation energy, pre-exponential factor and order of thereaction for the thermal decomposition of 24% waste oxide loaded glasses were estimated using Kissingermethod