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Ahn, Sejin,Son, Tae Hwa,Cho, Ara,Gwak, Jihye,Yun, Jae Ho,Shin, Keeshik,Ahn, Seoung Kyu,Park, Sang Hyun,Yoon, Kyunghoon Wiley-VCH 2012 CHEM SUS CHEM Vol.5 No.9
<P>A simple direct solution coating process for forming CuInSe??? (CIS) thin films was described, employing a low-cost and environmentally friendly precursor solution. The precursor solution was prepared by mixing metal acetates, ethanol, and ethanolamine. The facile formation of a precursor solution without the need to prefabricate nanoparticles enables a rapid and easy processing, and the high stability of the solution in air further ensures the precursor preparation and the film deposition in ambient conditions without a glove box. The thin film solar cell fabricated with the absorber film prepared by this route showed an initial conversion efficiency of as high as 7.72???%.</P>
Ahn, Sejin,Choi, Yoo Jeong,Kim, Kyunhwan,Eo, Young-Joo,Cho, Ara,Gwak, Jihye,Yun, Jae Ho,Shin, Keeshik,Ahn, Seoung Kyu,Yoon, Kyunghoon Wiley-VCH 2013 ChemSusChem Vol.6 No.7
<P>CuInSe2 (CISe) absorber layers for thin-film solar cells were fabricated through the selenization of amorphous Cu-In-S nanoparticles, which were prepared by using a low-temperature colloidal process within one minute without any external heating. Two strategies for obtaining highly dense CISe absorber films were used in this work; the first was the modification of nanoparticle surface through chelate complexation with ethanolamine, and the second strategy utilized the lattice expansion that occurred when S atoms in the precursor particles were replaced with Se during selenization. The synergy of these two strategies allowed formation of highly dense CISe thin films, and devices fabricated using the absorber layer demonstrated efficiencies of up to 7.94% under AM 1.5G illumination without an anti-reflection coating.</P>
TSCOT <sup>+</sup> Thymic Epithelial Cell-Mediated Sensitive CD4 Tolerance by Direct Presentation
Ahn, Sejin,Lee, Gwanghee,Yang, Soo Jung,Lee, Deokjae,Lee, Seunghyuk,Shin, Hyo Sun,Kim, Min Cheol,Lee, Kee Nyung,Palmer, Douglas C,Theoret, Marc R,Jenkinson, Eric J,Anderson, Graham,Restifo, Nicholas P Public Library of Science 2008 PLoS biology Vol.6 No.8
<▼1><P>Although much effort has been directed at dissecting the mechanisms of central tolerance, the role of thymic stromal cells remains elusive. In order to further characterize this event, we developed a mouse model restricting LacZ to thymic stromal cotransporter (TSCOT)-expressing thymic stromal cells (TDLacZ). The thymus of this mouse contains approximately 4,300 TSCOT<SUP>+</SUP> cells, each expressing several thousand molecules of the LacZ antigen. TSCOT<SUP>+</SUP> cells express the cortical marker CDR1, CD40, CD80, CD54, and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII). When examining endogenous responses directed against LacZ, we observed significant tolerance. This was evidenced in a diverse T cell repertoire as measured by both a CD4 T cell proliferation assay and an antigen-specific antibody isotype analysis. This tolerance process was at least partially independent of <I>Autoimmune Regulatory Element</I> gene expression. When TDLacZ mice were crossed to a novel CD4 T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic reactive against LacZ (BgII), there was a complete deletion of double-positive thymocytes. Fetal thymic reaggregate culture of CD45- and UEA-depleted thymic stromal cells from TDLacZ and sorted TCR-bearing thymocytes excluded the possibility of cross presentation by thymic dendritic cells and medullary epithelial cells for the deletion. Overall, these results demonstrate that the introduction of a neoantigen into TSCOT-expressing cells can efficiently establish complete tolerance and suggest a possible application for the deletion of antigen-specific T cells by antigen introduction into TSCOT<SUP>+</SUP> cells.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P><B/></P><P>T cells play critical roles in the immune response. While developing in the thymus (from whence T cells and their precursors, thymocytes, derive their name), thymocytes are selected for the ability to recognize harmful antigen (positive selection), while those that respond to antigens present in their own body are eliminated (negative selection). Dogma holds that the thymus is divided into different functional compartments to ensure that these contrasting selection processes occur efficiently: the cortex is thought to be responsible for positive selection and the medulla for negative selection. In this study, we made use of a novel transgenic mouse (carrying a LacZ marker in a small fraction of cells in the cortex) to test whether the cortex is really excluded from negative selection. We were able to show that the introduced LacZ “antigen” present only in the cortical cells leads them to eliminate any LacZ-reactive T cells from the immune repertoire and leads to tolerance of the LacZ “antigen” by the body's immune system. This process is highly efficient, such that a relatively tiny number of antigen molecules present in a small fraction of the cells in the thymic cortex can singularly perform proofreading of all developing thymocytes.</P></▼2><▼3><P>A new study shows that antigen-specific negative selection of developing thymocytes is a property of thymic cortical epithelial cells, challenging the view that this process requires contact with specialized antigen-presenting cells found in the thymic medulla.</P></▼3>
직접 용액 코팅법에 의해 제조한 CuInSe₂에 잔존하는 탄소 불순물층 형성에 관한 연구
안세진(SeJin Ahn),Shanza Rehan,어영주(Young-Joo Eo),곽지혜(Jihye Gwak),윤경훈(Kyunghoon Yoon),조아라(Ara Cho) 한국태양광발전학회 2014 Current Photovoltaic Research Vol.2 No.1
Formation mechanism of residual carbon layer, frequently observed in the CuInSe₂ (CIS) thin film prepared by direct solution coating routes, was investigated in order to find a way to eliminate it. As a model system, a methanol solution with dissolved Cu and In salts, whose viscosity was adjusted by adding ethylcellulose (EC), was chosen. It was found that a double layer, a top metal ion-derived film and bottom EC-derived layer, formed during an air drying step presumably due to different solubility between metal salts and EC in methanol. Consequently, the top metal ion-derived film acts as a barrier layer inhibiting further thermal decomposition of underlying EC, resulting a formation of bottom carbon residue layer.
오더 해석 기법을 이용한 스틸휠 장착차량의 조향휠 진동 분석
안세진(Sejin Ahn),박준용(Junyong Park),문경섭(Kungsup Mun),유완석(Wansuk Yoo),배명호(Myungho Bae) 한국자동차공학회 2003 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
The steel wheels are still used in the passenger cars because of their low cost of production although the aluminum wheels have many advantages in their performance and appearance. Imbalance and/or misalignment of the steel wheels excite the knuckles of the vehicle, which causes the steering wheel vibration. Both the constant velocity driving test and the run-up test are fulfilled in this study to analysis the causes and path of the steering wheel vibration generated from the steel wheels. And this study shows that the steering wheel vibration is affected by the fastening torque of the wheel mounting bolts between the steel wheel and the suspension disk.