A Comparative Study of Nanoparticle-Ink-Based CIGSSe Thin Film Solar Cells on Different Back Contact Substrates

Se Jin Park,Jin Woo Cho,Gi Soon Park,Jae Seung Jeong,김지현,고두현,황윤정,민병권 대한화학회 2016 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.37 No.3

The effect of the back contact electrode in nanoparticle-ink-based CIGSSe solar cells was investigated using different glass substrates with either a fluorine-doped SnO2 (FTO) conducting layer or a molybdenum (Mo) conducting layer. The morphologies, crystal structures, and compositional distributions of the Cu(In x Ga1– x )(S y Se1– y )2(CIGSSe) films are very similar in spite of the different back contact materials. The observed performances of the solar cell device, however, are somewhat different. The device that was fabricated on the FTO back contact substrate revealed a lower open-circuit voltage ( V oc) and fill factor (FF) than the Mo back contact substrate, resulting in lower solar cell efficiencies (6.5% for FTO and 7.4% for Mo). The differences between the behaviors are attributed to the interfacial properties between the CIGSSe film and the back contact electrode.

유한요소법을 이용한 치근단절제술후 근첨의 응력분포에 관한 연구

이세준,최호영,민병순,박상진,최기운 大韓齒科保存學會 1998 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the distribution of stress in the root end resected teeth. The finite element method was used to compare stresses along the root and retrograde filling material in seven two-dimensional models of mandibular 2nd premolar. Each model was endodontic treatment and gold crown restoration. Each model divided with amagam corerestoration or gold casting post restoration. Thus each model divided with shape of root end resection, depth of retropreparation and exposure length of root in the bony cavity. The seven models were classified as in the table 1 below. ◁표참조▷ A load of 500N was applied 45°diagonally on the lingual slope of the buccal cusp. These models were analyzed with two dimensional finite element methods. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The maximum tensile stress along the inner canal wall was shown on the model 7. 2. When the model 1 was compared with the model 5, the maximum tensile stress along the inner canal wall showed the model 1. 3. Less equivalent stress was shown on the model 6 and more equivalent stress was shown on the model 4. 4. More shear stress was shown on the retrograde filling material of the model 7. 5. The models with increased length of exposed root in the bony cavity demonstrated a gradual increase to the tensile stress in X direction which occurred approximately a boundary between the bone and exposed root in the bony cavity. 6. The model which had a case of matching the apex of post and a boundary between the bone and exposed root in the bony cavity demonstrated more increase tensile stress in X direction than other models.

제주먹초파리(Drosophila sp ; Robusta Group)에서 난황 단백질 합성에 미치는 유충 호르몬Ⅲ(Juvenile hormone Ⅲ)의 영향

김기옥,오문유,김세재 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1992 基礎科學硏究 Vol.5 No.1

제주먹초파리 (Drosophila sp: robusta group)에서의 난황 단백질 합성은 우화 후 2일된 female 성체의 지방체와 난소의 여포세포 (follicle cell)에서부터 합성되기 시작했다. 그리고 합성된 난황 단백질은 hemolymph로 방출된 후 선택적으로 난소로 흡수되어 완전히 성숙한 embryo를 생성하는데는 우화 후 약 4일정도가 소요되었다. 난황 단백질 유전자 발현은 곤충 호르몬인 20-hydroxyecdyson(20HE)과 juvenile hormone (JH)에 의하여 조절된다. 미성숙한 female성체에서 복부만을 분리하여 10-6M에서 10-3M의 juvenile hormoneⅢ 을 0.3 ㎕정도 주입하여 난황단백질을 합성을 유도 할수 있었다. 그리고 10-3M의 JHⅢ 처리후 2-3시간 사이에 난황 단백질의 합성을 추적할 수 있었다. 우화 후 2일된 female 성체에 수종의 호르몬 (Acetone, JHⅢ, JHⅢ-20HE)을 처리한 결과 난소의 발달 효과는 JHⅢ 처리구에서 가장 높았다. 따라서 JHⅢ는 vitellogenesis동안에 지방체와 여포세포에 있는 난황 단백질 유전자를 활성화시킴은 물론 난소의 발달에도 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 보인다. Three yolk proteins of Drosophila sp (robusta group) begin to be synthesized in fat body and ovarian follicle cells of two female after eclosion, and selectively accumulated by the oocyte during vitellogenesis. Expression of the yolk protein genes are regulated by the insect hormone, each as 20-hydroxyecdyson and juvenile hormone. An injection of 0.3 ㎕ of 10-6 M JHⅢ in one day-old female was sufficient to promote synthesis and secretion of yolk proteins in isolated abdomens. Three yolk proteins were first detected between 2 and 3 hrs after treated of 10-3 M JHⅢ in abdomens removed from the whole body of one day-old female flies. The vitellogenin oocytes development by treatment with some hormones (acetone, JHⅢ, and JHⅢ-20HE) was highly affected in JHⅢ of 2-day old female flies after eclosion. Thus it seems like that increase juvenile hormone levels not only switches on yolk protein genes during vitellogenesis but also promotes the oocytes development.

컴파일러 중간언어에 관한 연구

오세만,이양선,박진기 동국대학교 1986 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

최근의 프로그래밍 언어와 기계구조의 급격한 발전은 컴파일러의 자동생산을 요구하게 되었고, 이에 따라 컴파일러의 설계에도 많은 진보가 이루어졌다. 대부분의 컴파일러에서, 원시코드는 기계코드 보다는 중간코드로 번역이 되며 그 중간코드는 특정기계의 목적코드로 번역된다. Syntax-directed방법으로 원시언어에서 기계언어로 직접 번역도 가능하다. 그러나 우리는 중간언어를 사용함으로 해서 몇가지의 이점을 얻을 수 있다. 첫째로 컴파일러의 구성을 서로 독립적인 두 부분으로 나눌 수 있고, 두 번째로 컴파일러의 portability를 한층 더 높일 수 있다. 그리고 세 번째로 중간언어단계에서 기계와 독립적인 optimization을 할 수 있다. 실제규모의 컴파일러를 설치하는 데 있어 중간언어의 선택은 중요한 문제이다. 이 논문에서는 네가지의 중간언어를 다루었고 각 중간언어의 특징을 중간언어의 기준에 비추어 설명하였다. Recently, the programming languages and machine architectures are proliferating. This has led to automate the production of compilers. So much progress in the design of compilers has been made. In most compilers, the source code is translated into an intermediate code rather than machine code. And then the intermediate code is targetted to a specific machine. It is possible to translate directly from source to machine language in a syntaxdirected way. But we can obtain a munber of advantages by use of an intermediate language. They are: (1) The construction of a compiler can be split into two independent phases. (2) The portability of a compiler can be enhanced. (3) A machine independent optimization can be performed at the intermediate language level. The problem of intermediate language selection is very important in implementing a practical scale compiler. In this paper, four kinds of intermediate language are examined and the characteristics of each intermediate language are described according to some criteria.

IP/GMPLS/WDM 시스템 시험 방안

배세인,정기성,유명식 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 2002 論文集 Vol.32 No.-

In recent years, the IP trafic has been increased in an unprecedented rate, and as a result, the IP/GMPLS/WDM networking solution has been proposed for the next generation Internet, Now, the WDM systems have been deployed in the real communication networks, and at the same time, the standardization for the control plane of WDM network (e.g., GMPLS) has been actively in progress. It is expected that the WDM system with GMPLS control plane will be introduced in the market in near future. However, although it is necessary for the WDM systems to be verified working properly as recommended in the standards before the deployment, there has been a little work in this area. Thus, in this paper, we propose an efficient test procedures for the IP/GMPLS/WDM systems to minimize any networking problem of WDM systems when daployed. The test procedures are proposed for two area: the WDM system and the GMPLS control plane protocols, each of which covers the conformance test, the interoperability test, and the performance test.

Character Agent와 가상현실 기법을 이용한 웹사이트 개발에 관한 연구 : 기존 사이트 분석을 중심으로

손세환,김명희,김종기 동서대학교부설연구센터 2001 연구센터논문집 Vol.4 No.1

Web environment had developed with haste degree than other business. Research about information transmission method in web environment is gone in many-sidedness degree these day. Field that attract user's interest latest among it is character and virtual reality. specially, virtual reality begins in VRML and much skill is appearing to intel's 3D skill recently. But, eminent skill is site that is not to speak that is standard. Users are applying various imagination skill and sites of several form are appearing. Wish to analyze finding virtual reality site that appear recently and is consultable in site model development.

AST의 자동적인 구성

오세만,박진기 東國大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.29 No.-

The task of constructing a complier for a particular source language is complex and large. The complexity of compilation process can be reduced if a compiler is designed modularly. So an intermediate from is needed to interface the phases of the compiler. One type of intermediate form is a tree-structured code which is a suitable form for optimization compilers. An AST is a tree-structured intermediate code which does contain the information necessary to next phase of syntax analysis. Most compliers use AST as an intermediate form because of the efficient representation of the source program. The design and obtaining of AST is important in the compiler design process. In this paper, we have implemented the automatic AST generation system. For this work, we designed GDL which is similar to grammar definition in formal language theory and able to describe the structures of AST. And then we implemented the GDLTS that generates the parser constructing the AST automatically according to the specification of GDL. This system can be used as a tool for constructing AST of source program being complied and also used as AST designing tool.

정신지체 특수학교 고등학교과정 직업교과의 운영에 관한 연구

김세기,박석돈 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2012 再活科學硏究 Vol.30 No.1

본 연구는 학교 과정을 운영하는 정신지체 특수학교 직업교육이 어떻게 운영되는지 실태를 파악하고 바람직한 방향은 무엇인지 알아보기 위하여 시도되었다. 본 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 특수학교에 재직 중인 직업교육 교사들의 일반적인 사항을 살펴본 결과 2·30대 여성 교사가 대다수였으며 10년 이하의 교사와 일반교과 특수교사 자격을 소지한 교사가 가장 많은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 직업 교육과정 편성 실태에서는 고등학교 직업교과 교육과정 편성주체는 학부모와 학생보다는 교사가 중심이 되었다. 그리고 대부분의 학교에서 직업 교육과정 편성 이 학생들의 특성과 능력을 고려하여 학교장과 직업교육 교사들만의 협의를 통하여 이루어지는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 직업 교육과정 운영 실태에서는 대부분의 학교에서 직업교육을 학교 수준 교육 과정 안에 편성하여 운영하고 있었으며, 구체적인 교육내용은 대부분의 교사들이 직업 교육과정을 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났으나, 소수의 교사들은 직업교육과정과 국가수준의 직업교육과정에 대해 잘 모르는 경향이 있었다. This study was conducted and analyzed to grasp the actual state about how vocational education of the mental retardation special schools operating school curriculums is run, and to examine what a desirable direction will be. The conclusion of this study is as follows: First, the common status of the vocational education teachers schools was observed, and the majority of the teachers were women in their 20's and 30's and the teachers who worked for less than ten years and the teachers with special teacher's certificates for general subjects are largest in number. Regarding vocational teachers who are important elements when vocational education is operated, most schools are currently assigning vocational teachers at the discretion of school administrators, and the administrators, grasping the information of teachers necessary for assignment, place them referring to their hope. Second, regarding the actual state of vocational curriculum formation, teachers took the initiative rather than parents and students in organizing the curriculum of high school vocational subjects. Also, though most schools consider students' characteristics and ability when they organize their curriculums, only principals and teachers related to vocational education organized their curriculums through a consultation rather than parents and students participated. Third, in the vocational curriculum operation, most schools were operating the vocational education after organizing it in the school-based curriculums. Regarding detailed contents, most teachers recognized the vocational curriculum, but a few teachers had a tendency not to know about the vocational curriculum at the national-level. Also, school teachers did not think it was proper that vocational subject hours revised in 2008 were reduced from twelve to eight for high school curriculum. The result of the survey on the environment of vocational education showed that vocational education was mainly conducted in the vocational classroom, but also conducted in the general classroom simultaneously. There were also many schools which put importance on the education to increase life function necessary for adjusting to society as a content to be treated most importantly in vocational subject education. Based on the results, a desirable suggestion for operating vocational education in high school is as follows. First, when vocational education courses are operated, an organization of students to reflex their positions to reach after graduation should be made so that they can improve their ability as much as possible. Second, it is necessary to place vocational teachers as professional-vocational teachers. Third, because 'vocational function' area is considered as important in vocational courses, it is necessary to have vocational teachers attend in-service training on practice teaching to improve practice teaching ability and take charge of vocational subjects. Also, due to the nature of mental retardation special schools, just vocational function should not be emphasized too much, but the basic working function of vocational education to influence vocational life or the attitude of it should be emphasized.

흰쥐 Kupffer 세포에 대한 Propofol의 작용

박세훈,지대림,성언기,김희선,송인환,박희영,김준수,이덕희,박대팔 대한마취과학회 2002 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.43 No.4

Background: Propofol has an antioxidant capacity and can be used for ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver. However, the effects of propofol on the Kupffer cells have not been establisked. Methods: Kupffer cells were isolated and cultured from male Sprague-Dawley rats. The effects of propofol on the Kupffer cells were evaluated by a phagocytosis assay, TNF-α gene expression, and superoxide anion release after administering propofol in different concentrations on the cultured Kuprrer cells. Results: The latex bead phagocytosis by the Kupffer cells was suppressed when the Kupffer cells were exposed to propofol irrespective of concentrations. Higher propofol concentrations decreased the loss of Kupffer cells after latex bead phagocytosis. Propofol induced TNF-α mRNA expression in the Kupffer cells, but the mRNA expression level after 50㎍/ml of propofol decreased. The pattern of TNF-α mRNA expression induced by propofol was different to that induced by LPS: TNF-α mRNA was expressed continuously in the propofol-treated cells until 16 hours after exposure to propofol, whereas the level of TNF-α mRNA expression induced by LPS was evident after 2 hours and was not found thereafter. TNF-α production after propofol treatment was not higher than that of the control. Formazan presipitation did not show any qualitative differences between cells untreated or treated with propofol concentrations of 0.5, 5.0, and 50 ㎍/ml. Conclusions: These results showed that propofol might inhibit Kupffer cells. This suggests that propofol and be used for patients with ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2002; 43: 475~484)

특수 언어발달 장애 환아의 임상 및음향음성학적 특성연구

김연희,박세훈,신용일,김찬양,김현기,김정수 大韓再活醫學會 2000 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.24 No.1