Adherence to Healthy Diet Can Delay Alzheimer’s Diseases Development: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Shima Moradi,Jalall Moloudi,Mehdi Moradinazar,Diana Sarokhani,Seyyed Mostafa Nachvak,Mehnoosh Samadi 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.25 No.4

A healthy diet has long been indicated to be protective against Alzheimer’s diseases (AD). We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis of published observational studies to explore the relationship between healthy and unhealthy diets and risk of ADs. We screened PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Embase, and screened manually to identify relevant articles published in English and non-English until Jun 2020. We classified the studied dietary patterns into two groups: healthy and unhealthy diets. The pooled weighted mean difference and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used to analyze the data using a random-effects model. The data were extracted manually and the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis checklist was used to appraise the risk of bias and quality of data. Of the 1,813 articles identified, 21 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the quantitative analysis. A healthy diet was related to a lower risk of AD [odds ratio (OR): 0.45, 95% CI: 0.23 to 0.86, I2=99.7%; n=17 studies]. Moreover, high adherence to an unhealthy diet was not associated with increased risk of AD (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98 to 0.99, I2=0.0%; n=6 studies). However, the etiology of AD is uncertain and it is difficult draw conclusions about dietary healthy patterns. We concluded that adherence to a healthy diet is associated with a lower risk of AD, but were unable to find evidence that an unhealthy diet increases the risk of AD.

Serum levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 as diagnostic markers of acute pyelonephritis in children

Mahyar, Abolfazl,Ayazi, Parviz,Maleki, Mohammad Reza,Daneshi-Kohan, Mohammad Mahdi,Sarokhani, Hamid Reza,Hashemi, Hassan Jahani,Talebi-Bakhshayesh, Mousa The Korean Pediatric Society 2013 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.56 No.5

Purpose: Early diagnosis and treatment of acute pyelonephritis in children is of special importance in order to prevent serious complications. This study was conducted to determine the diagnostic value of serum interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in children with acute pyelonephritis. Methods: Eighty-seven patients between 1 month to 12 years old with urinary tract infection (UTI) were divided into 2 groups based on the result of 99m-technetium dimercapto-succinic acid renal scan: acute pyelonephritis (n=37) and lower UTI (n=50) groups. White blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil (Neutl) count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration, platelet count, and serum IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations of both groups were measured and compared. Results: There was a significant difference between two groups regarding WBC count, Neutl count, ESR, and CRP concentration (P<0.05). In addition, the difference between the two groups regarding serum IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations was not significant (IL-6, 60 and 35.4 pg/mL and IL-8, 404 and 617 pg/mL, respectively). The sensitivity and specificity of serum IL-6 and IL-8 for diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis were 73%, 42% and 78%, 32%, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values of serum IL-6 and IL-8 were less than those of acute phase serum reactants such as CRP. Conclusion: This study showed that there was no significant difference between acute pyelonephritis and lower UTI groups regarding serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels. Therefore, despite confirming results of previous studies, it seems that IL-6 and IL-8 are not suitable markers for differentiating between acute pyelonephritis and lower UTI.

Serum interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in febrile seizures: is there a link?

Mahyar, Abolfazl,Ayazi, Parviz,Orangpour, Reza,Daneshi-Kohan, Mohammad Mahdi,Sarokhani, Mohammad Reza,Javadi, Amir,Habibi, Morteza,Talebi-Bakhshayesh, Mousa The Korean Pediatric Society 2014 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.57 No.10

Purpose: Febrile seizures are induced by fever and are the most common type of seizures in children. Although numerous studies have been performed on febrile seizures, their pathophysiology remains unclear. Recent studies have shown that cytokines may play a role in the pathogenesis of febrile seizures. The present study was conducted to identify potential links between serum interleukin-1beta (IL-$1{\beta}$), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$), and febrile seizures. Methods: Ninety-two patients with simple or complex febrile seizures (46 patients per seizure type), and 46 controls with comparable age, sex, and severity of temperature were enrolled. Results: The median concentrations of serum IL-$1{\beta}$ in the simple, complex febrile seizure, and control groups were 0.05, 0.1, and 0.67 pg/mL, respectively (P=0.001). Moreover, the median concentrations of TNF-${\alpha}$ in the simple, complex febrile seizure, and control groups were 2.5, 1, and 61.5 pg/mL, respectively (P=0.001). Furthermore, there were significant differences between the case groups in serum IL-$1{\beta}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$ levels (P<0.05). Conclusion: Unlike previous studies, our study does not support the hypothesis that increased IL-$1{\beta}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$ production is involved in the pathogenesis of febrile seizures.

Serum interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in febrile seizures: is there a link?

Abolfazl Mahyar,Parviz Ayazi,Reza Orangpour,Mohammad Mahdi Daneshi-Kohan,Mohammad Reza Sarokhani,Amir Javadi,Mousa Talebi-Bakhshayesh 대한소아청소년과학회 2014 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.57 No.10

Purpose: Febrile seizures are induced by fever and are the most common type of seizures in children. Although numerous studies have been performed on febrile seizures, their pathophysiology remainsunclear. Recent studies have shown that cytokines may play a role in the pathogenesis of febrileseizures. The present study was conducted to identify potential links between serum interleukin-1beta(IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and febrile seizures. Methods: Ninety-two patients with simple or complex febrile seizures (46 patients per seizure type),and 46 controls with comparable age, sex, and severity of temperature were enrolled. Results: The median concentrations of serum IL-1β in the simple, complex febrile seizure, and controlgroups were 0.05, 0.1, and 0.67 pg/mL, respectively (P=0.001). Moreover, the median concentrationsof TNF-α in the simple, complex febrile seizure, and control groups were 2.5, 1, and 61.5 pg/mL,respectively (P=0.001). Furthermore, there were significant differences between the case groups inserum IL-1β and TNF-α levels (P<0.05). Conclusion: Unlike previous studies, our study does not support the hypothesis that increased IL-1βand TNF-α production is involved in the pathogenesis of febrile seizures.

Serum levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 as diagnostic markers of acute pyelonephritis in children

Abolfazl Mahyar,Parviz Ayazi,Mohammad Reza Maleki,Mohammad Mahdi Daneshi-Kohan,Hamid Reza Sarokhani,Hassan Jahani Hashemi,Mousa Talebi-Bakhshayesh 대한소아청소년과학회 2013 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.56 No.5

Purpose: Early diagnosis and treatment of acute pyelonephritis in children is of special importance in order to prevent serious complications. This study was conducted to determine the diagnostic value of serum interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in children with acute pyelonephritis. Methods: Eighty-seven patients between 1 month to 12 years old with urinary tract infection (UTI)were divided into 2 groups based on the result of 99m-technetium dimercapto-succinic acid renal scan:acute pyelonephritis (n=37) and lower UTI (n=50) groups. White blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil (Neutl)count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration, platelet count,and serum IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations of both groups were measured and compared . Results: There was a significant difference between two groups regarding WBC count, Neutl count,ESR, and CRP concentration (P<0.05). In addition, the difference between the two groups regarding serum IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations was not significant (IL-6, 60 and 35.4 pg/mL and IL-8, 404 and 617 pg/mL, respectively). The sensitivity and specificity of serum IL-6 and IL-8 for diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis were 73%, 42% and 78%, 32%, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values of serum IL-6 and IL-8 were less than those of acute phase serum reactants such as CRP. Conclusion: This study showed that there was no significant difference between acute pyelonephritis and lower UTI groups regarding serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels. Therefore, despite confirming results of previous studies, it seems that IL-6 and IL-8 are not suitable markers for differentiating between acute pyelonephritis and lower UTI.