Composition dependence of the electrical conductivity of Se85?xTe15Sbx (x = 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10) glass at room temperature

Vibhav K. Saraswat,K. Singh,N.S. Saxena,V. Kishore,T.P. Sharma,P.K. Saraswat 한국물리학회 2006 Current Applied Physics Vol.6 No.1

Measurements ofIV characteristics and DC electrical conductivity of Se85. xTe15Sbx (wherex = 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10) glassy thinpellets, prepared by well established melt quenching technique in bulk (pellets of diameter 12mm and thickness. 1m were pre-pared under a constant load of 5 tons), have been carried out at room temperature using Keithley High Resistance Meter/Electrom-eter 6517A. For the recording ofIV characteristics, this equipment was used in FVMI (Force Voltage Measure Current) mode. It isIV characteristics that the glass containing 4 at. wt.% of Sb has the minimum resistance allowing maximumcurrent through the sample as compared to the other at. wt.% of Sb contents e.g. 2, 6, 8 and 10.At 4 at. wt.% of Sb, conductivityrises to 76% of the value obtained for 2 at. wt.% of Sb. Composition dependence of DC conductivity is discussed in terms of thebond formation between Se and Sb at dierent compositions. The conduction mechanism is discussed qualitatively on the basisof PooleFrenkel conduction mechanism. Also the linear relation between ln (I) and V1/2veries that the conduction mechanismis of PooleFrenkel type for both low and high voltage range. The deviation of ohmic behaviour at lower voltage range towardsthe non-ohmic at higher voltage range is due to the high voltage induced temperature eects in the sample.

A comprehensive examination of the linear and numerical stability aspects of the bubble collision model in the TRACE-1D two-fluid model applied to vertical disperse flow in a PWR core channel under loss of coolant accident conditions

Saraswat Satya Prakash,Addad Yacine 한국원자력학회 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.8

The one-dimensional Two-Fluid concept uses an area-average approach to simplify the time and phase-averaged Two-Fluid conservation equations, making it more suitable for addressing difficulties at an industrial scale. Nevertheless, the mathematical framework has inherent weaknesses due to the loss of details throughout the averaging procedures. This limitation makes the conventional model inappropriate for some flow regimes, where short-wavelength perturbations experience uncontrolled amplification, leading to solutions that need to be physically accurate. The critical factor in resolving this problem is the integration of closure relations. These relationships play a crucial function in reintroducing essential physical characteristics, thus correcting the loss that occurs during averaging and guaranteeing the stability of the model. To improve the accuracy of predictions, it is essential to assess the stability and grid dependence of one-dimensional formulations, which are particularly affected by closure relations and numerical schemes. The current research presented in the text focuses on improving the well-posedness of the TFM, specifically within the TRACE code, which is widely utilized for nuclear reactor safety assessments. Incorporating a bubble collision model in the momentum equations is demonstrated to enhance the TFM’s resilience, especially in scenarios with high void fractions where conventional TFMs may face challenges. The analysis presents a linear stability analysis performed for the transient onedimensional Two-Fluid Model of system code TRACE within the framework of vertically dispersed flows. The main emphasis is on evaluating the stability characteristics of the model while also acknowledging its susceptibility to closure relations and numerical techniques.

Biological Properties of (1 → 3)-β-D-Glucan-Based Synthetic Oligosaccharides

Sujata Saraswat-Ohri,Aruna Vashishta,Vaclav Vetvicka,Karine Descroix,Frank Jamois,Jean-Claude Yvin,Vincent Ferrie`res 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.4

Despite the fact that β-glucans are well-established immunomodulators, the problems with batch-to-batch heterogeneity remains problematic. The aim of this study was to prepare and evaluate new type of synthetic oligosaccharides. A new family of oligo-(1 → 3)-β-D-glucans modified on the reducing end was synthesized using a controlled and specific inversion of configuration at C-2 starting from already formed oligo-(1 → 3)-β-D-glucans. The designed glycosides are characterized by the presence of four or five glucopyranose entities and a mannose residue at the reducing end. To study of the impact of well-defined structural modulations, we used murine and human models to evaluate their immunostimulating potential. These novel oligosaccharides showed strong and long-lasting stimulation of phagocytosis and significant potentiation of synthesis and/or secretion of interleukin (IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α, and vascular endothelial growth factor. In addition, the oligosaccharides tested showed significant effects on expression of several genes in human fibroblasts and breast cancer cells. From our results it is clear that these synthetic oligosaccharides represent a better alternative to natural β-glucans.

Role of epigenetics in crop improvement: Water and heat stress

Saurabh Saraswat,Alok Kumar Yadavi,Preeti Sirohi,Nand K. Singh 한국식물학회 2017 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.60 No.3

Overall transcriptomic activity of an organism is determined not only by its genetic makeup but also by epigenetic regulations. Reprogramming by epigenetic modification triggered by various environmental challenges contributes to the phenotypic diversity and defense against these challenges. Different stresses acts as stimulus and changes genic expression level by various mechanisms namely DNA methylation, histone modifications and miRNA. Epigenetics is a continuously progressing branch since the past two decades. Improvement of crop varieties with traditional breeding methods is tedious, time consuming, expensive and is unable to meet progressive living standards and demand in today’s world whereas epigenetics holds great potential for the improvement of plant varieties with respect to yield and nutritional quality by creation of novel epialleles, transgenic RNAi. RNA interference has been used for the improvement of several crops like barley, wheat, soybean etc by reduction of various anti-nutritive factors or enhancement of flavor. Silencing of Omega–3 fatty acid desaturase gene is achieved using RNAi technology for the reduction of linoleic acid and improvement of flavor. HvTX1 from barley shows increased expression during drought stress indicating its active role in drought tolerance which further can be exploited for the development of improved crop variety with increased drought tolerance. Also multiple HAT genes in rice are reported to be actively expressed under heat and water stress. Studies of epigenetic responses to different stresses can increase our understanding of plant stress adaptation and mechanism underlying them which can be further exploited for the development of improved crop varieties.

Motivation Versus Intention of Sharing Fake News Among Social Media Users during the Pandemic - A SEM Model

Alvi, Irum,Saraswat, Niraja World Association for Triple Helix and Future Stra 2021 Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia Vol.20 No.2

Are intentions important in deciding the outcome of an action such as sharing misinformation among social media users during the pandemic? What is their role and how far they are important for the very act of fake sharing news? The social media users' actions on the social platform are determined by what they plan to do themselves; however, their motivation has an immense role to play in the dissemination of fake news on social media. The study proposes a conceptual model for understanding how select factors affect fake news sharing motivation and intentions of social media users. The study scrutinizes the relationship between content and context, fear of missing out (FoMO), news verification and news sharing gratification on the motivation and intention of social media users of networked Asian society. Empirical Data were drawn from social media users (N = 243) from India, using an online questionnaire based on prior studies and structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was used to analyze the data collected. Results indicate that news content, news verification, and news sharing gratification have a direct and positive relationship with sharing motivation. On the other hand, news context and content, FoMO and news sharing gratification have a positive significant relationship with sharing intention. Likewise, it was discovered that news verification will decrease sharing intention of the social media users. However, news context, that is the pandemic in the case of the present study and FoMO were not identified as determinant variables for sharing motivation among social media users. The research limitations and further scope were discussed.

글루카곤을 융합파트너로 이용한 재조합 단백질 생산 및 글루카곤 수용체 단편을 이용한 친화성 정제기술 개발

이지원,김대영,박영훈,V. Saraswat 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2000 생물산업 Vol.13 No.3

Immunological Effects of Yeast- and Mushroom-Derived β-Glucans

Vaclav Vetvicka,Aruna Vashishta,Sujata Saraswat-Ohri,Jana Vetvickova 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Journal of medicinal food Vol.11 No.4

Glucans have a long history as nonspecific biological modulators. We compared the effects of three different glucans on immune reactions. Using two different administrations (intraperitoneal and oral) and two different animal models, we showed that yeast-derived Betamune™ (Biorigin, São Paulo, Brazil) caused significant stimulation of phagocytic activity as well as potentiation of synthesis and release of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, and tumor necrosis factor-α. In addition, Betamune inhibited growth of tumor cells in vivo and affected expression of several important genes in breast cancer cells. Compared to adult mice, young animals showed different sensitivity to glucan action.

Varicella Zoster Cranial Polyneuropathy Presenting With Dysphagia, Esophagitis and Gastroparesis

( Maneesh Paliwal ),( Kallambella Susheelendra Prasanna ),( Vivek A Saraswat ),( Asha Misra ),( Narendra Krishnani ),( Uday C ),( Ghoshal ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2011 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.17 No.2

Oxygen Isotope Records of Globigerina Bulloides Across a North-south Transect in the South-western Indian Ocean

Neloy Khare,Subodh Kumar Chaturvedi,Rajeev Saraswat 한국해양과학기술원 2009 Ocean science journal Vol.44 No.2

Along a north-south transect (9.69˚N to 55.01˚S) in the southwestern Indian Ocean during the Indian Pilot Expedition to Southern Ocean (PESO), the oxygen isotopic analysis of planktic foraminifera (Globigerina bulloides) from 23 surface sediment samples was carried out to assess the relationship between isotopic composition of G. bulloides and the prevailing physical (seawater temperature and salinity) conditions of the ambient seawater. An increasing trend in the δ18O value is noticed towards higher latitude. Apparently such an increase in δ18O values is inversely related to the temperature changes along the transect. However, slight mismatch is observed at a few stations due to calcification out of optimum conditions or due to the salinity changes. The preliminary results of the present study, if extended to the subsurface sediments coupled with other parameters, may contribute to the reconstruction of the paleohydrography of the region, especially the position of various seawater fronts during the geologic past albeit with areal limitation. Along a north-south transect (9.69˚N to 55.01˚S) in the southwestern Indian Ocean during the Indian Pilot Expedition to Southern Ocean (PESO), the oxygen isotopic analysis of planktic foraminifera (Globigerina bulloides) from 23 surface sediment samples was carried out to assess the relationship between isotopic composition of G. bulloides and the prevailing physical (seawater temperature and salinity) conditions of the ambient seawater. An increasing trend in the δ18O value is noticed towards higher latitude. Apparently such an increase in δ18O values is inversely related to the temperature changes along the transect. However, slight mismatch is observed at a few stations due to calcification out of optimum conditions or due to the salinity changes. The preliminary results of the present study, if extended to the subsurface sediments coupled with other parameters, may contribute to the reconstruction of the paleohydrography of the region, especially the position of various seawater fronts during the geologic past albeit with areal limitation.

Light Emission from Strained Germanium for CMOS-Compatible Optoelectronics

Donguk Nam,Dave Sukhdeo,Shashank Gupta,Krishna Saraswat 대한전자공학회 2015 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2015 No.6