Role of Panchayati Raj in Disaster Management

( Sanjay Sharma ) 인천대학교 사회과학연구원 2012 사회과학연구 Vol.1 No.-

This paper studies role of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) (Local self governance) in disaster management. Specifically this paper analyses the stand point of High Powered Committee and Second Administrative Reform Commission along with Disaster Management Act 2005. All of them recognize the importance of inclusion of Panchayati Raj in disaster management. However this paper argues that simple arguments and recommendations are not sufficient rather Panchayati Raj Act, 1993 should be amended for the purpose. Paper also examines various states Panchayati Raj Acts to examine the role assigned to PRIs in disaster management.

Glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 Polymorphisms, Cigarette Smoking and HPV Infection in Precancerous and Cancerous Lesions of the Uterine Cervix

Sharma, Anita,Gupta, Sanjay,Sodhani, Pushpa,Singh, Veena,Sehgal, Ashok,Sardana, Sarita,Mehrotra, Ravi,Sharma, Joginder Kumar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.15

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play an important role in detoxification of carcinogenic electrophiles. The null genotypes in GSTM1 and GSTT1 have been implicated in carcinogenesis. Present study was planned to evaluate the influence of genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene loci in cervical carcinogenesis. The study was conducted in Lok Nayak hospital, New Delhi. DNA from clinical scrapes of 482 women with minor gynaecologic complaints attending Gynaecology OPD and tumor biopsies of 135 cervical cancer cases attending the cancer clinic was extracted. HPV DNA was detected by standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using L1 consensus primer pair. Polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were analysed by multiplex PCR procedures. Differences in proportions were tested using Pearson's Chi-square test with Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The risk of cervical cancer was almost three times in women with GSTM1 homozygous null genotype (OR-2.62, 95%CI, 1.77-3.88; p<0.0001). No association of GSTM1 or GSTT1 homozygous null genotypes was observed in women with normal, precancerous and cervical cancerous lesions among ${\leq}35$ or >35 years of age groups. Smokers with null GSTT1 genotype had a higher risk of cervical cancer as compared to non-smokers (OR-3.01, 95% CI, 1.10-8.23; p=0.03). The results further showed that a significant increased risk of cervical cancer was observed in HPV positive smoker women with GSTT1 (OR-4.36, 95% CI, 1.27-15.03; p=0.02) and GSTM1T1 (OR-3.87, 95% CI, 1.05-14.23; p=0.04) homozygous null genotypes as compared to HPV positive non smokers. The results demonstrate that the GST null genotypes were alone not associated with the development of cervical cancer, but interacted with smoking and HPV to exert effects in our Delhi population.

The Poor Sex Ratio of Haryana

Sanjay Sharma(샤마 산제이) 한국문화정책학회 2016 문화정책 Vol.3 No.1

A balanced sex ratio is desirable for a healthy and just society. However, if certain beliefs and misuse of technology disturb the sex ratio it requires introspection. Haryana, an economically prosperous state of India, presents a case of cultural lag where technological advancement has been skewed to promote traditional cultural-religious beliefs which resulted in a poor sex ratio. Though the country is having a poor sex ratio, Haryana’s situation of poor sex ratio is quite disappointing. The grim condition of the poor sex ratio in state has led Narender Modi, the Prime Minister of India, to launch the “Beti Bachao Beti Padhao” campaign (Save the girl child, educate the girl child) from the Panipat District of Haryana. Primarily, there are two reasons for the preference of male children. First, there is a cultural belief in Hinduism that a son is essential to perform certain rituals and carry forward the family. Second, girls are considered an economic burden because of customs like dowry in the patriarchal society of Haryana. The religious beliefs and patriarchal society resulted in creating a hostile environment for girls in the state. The economic prosperity of Haryana facilitated people to take advantage of medical facilities and misuse them (for female feticide) to keep practicing their religious-cultural beliefs even though the law considers the practice a criminal offence. However, the stereotypical patriarchal attitude of the people does not match the rationality of the law. Therefore, the entire social set up largely allows this to happen. The poor sex ratio in Haryana has also given birth to other social evils like, increasing crime against women and trafficking of girls. This paper makes a modest attempt to analyze the poor sex ratio of the state and efforts to deconstruct the cultural lag existing in the region.

Intrusion Detection System : A Review

Sanjay Sharma,R. K. Gupta 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.9 No.5

With the incredible expansion of network-based services and responsive information on networks, network protection and security is getting more and more significance than ever. Intrusion poses a serious security risk in network surroundings. The ever rising new intrusion or attacks type poses severe difficulties for their detection. The human labeling of the accessible network audit information instances is generally tedious, expensive as well as time consuming. This paper focuses on study of existing intrusion detection task by using data mining techniques and discussing on various issues in existing intrusion detection system (IDS) based on data mining techniques.

Federal Governance and Disaster Management in Canada: A Critical Analysis of Federal and Provincial Acts, Policies and Disaster Financing

( Sanjay Sharma ) 인천대학교 사회과학연구원 2015 사회과학연구 Vol.7 No.-

Federalism is a non-hierarchical, non-centralized, model of governance. It accommodates people belonging to different regions, religions, races and culture. Disaster management is articulation and planned utilization of resources to deal with natural or manmade emergencies. At the national level disaster management requires concerted effort and coordinated action among different levels of government. It is not the sole responsibility of any one level of government, but of all. As disaster management has inter-regional and transnational ramifications, there is an urgent need for federal management and sharing of responsibilities. It is in this context that federal system of governance assumes critical resilience in addressing to the question of disaster management. Canada is the second largest country of the world. It has faced many natural as well as manmade disasters. By virtue of being a federal state the disaster management has to be located in between federal and provincial governments. Quantitative and qualitative research tools are applied in the paper to analyze federal governance of disaster in Canada. Qualitatively, federal and provincial policies, acts, program have been thoroughly analyzed. On the other hand, quantitative tools are applied to analyze disaster financing in Canada. Besides, a deconstructivist approach has been applied to explore disaster management from an unexplored perspective of federalism.

Effect of Substrate and Fermentation Conditions on Pectinase and Cellulase Production by Aspergillus niger NCIM 548 in Submerged (SmF) and Solid State Fermentation (SSF)

Sanjay Kumar,H. K. Sharma,B. C. Sarkar 한국식품과학회 2011 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.20 No.5

The present study deals with the optimization of substrate and fermentation conditions for the production of both pectinase and cellulase by Aspergillus niger NCIM 548 under same fermentation conditions in submerged fermentation (SmF) and solid state fementation (SSF)using a central composite face centered design of response surface methodology (RSM). As per statistical design, the optimum conditions for maximum production of pectinase (1.64 U/mL in SmF and 179.83 U/g in SSF) and cellulase (0.36 U/mL in SmF and 10.81 U/g in SSF) were, time 126h, pH 4.6, and carbon source concentration 65 g/L in SmF and were time 156 h, pH 4.80, and moisture content 65%in SSF. The response surface modeling was applied effectively to optimize the production of both pectinase and cellulase by A. niger under same fermentation conditions to make the process cost-effective in both submerged and solid state fermentation using agro industrial wastes as substrate.

Classical and Bayesian methods of estimation for power Lindley distribution with application to waiting time data

Sharma, Vikas Kumar,Singh, Sanjay Kumar,Singh, Umesh The Korean Statistical Society 2017 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.24 No.3

The power Lindley distribution with some of its properties is considered in this article. Maximum likelihood, least squares, maximum product spacings, and Bayes estimators are proposed to estimate all the unknown parameters of the power Lindley distribution. Lindley's approximation and Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques are utilized for Bayesian calculations since posterior distribution cannot be reduced to standard distribution. The performances of the proposed estimators are compared based on simulated samples. The waiting times of research articles to be accepted in statistical journals are fitted to the power Lindley distribution with other competing distributions. Chi-square statistic, Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic, Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion are used to access goodness-of-fit. It was found that the power Lindley distribution gives a better fit for the data than other distributions.

Genotypic influence of a-deletions on the phenotype of Indian sickle cell anemia patients

Sanjay Pandey,Sweta Pandey,Rahasya Mani Mishra,Monica Sharma,Renu Saxena 대한혈액학회 2011 Blood Research Vol.46 No.3

Background :Some reports have shown that co-inheritance of a-thalassemia and sickle cell disease improves hematological parameters and results in a relatively mild clinical picture for patients; however, the exact molecular basis and clinical significance of the interaction between a-thalassemia and sickle cell disease in India has not yet been described. There is little agreement on the clinical effects of a-thalassemia on the phenotype of sickle cell disease. Methods :Complete blood count and red cell indices were measured by an automated cell analyzer. Quantitative assessment of hemoglobin variants HbF, HbA, HbA2, and HbS was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). DNA extraction was performed using the phenol-chloroform method, and molecular study for common a-deletions was done by gap-PCR. Results :Out of 60 sickle cell anemia patients, the a-thalassemia genotype was found in 18 patients. Three patients had the triplicated a-genotype (Anti a-3.7 kb), and the remaining patients did not have a-deletions. This study indicates that patients with co-existing a-thalassemia and sickle cell disease had a mild phenotype, significantly improved hematological parameters, and fewer blood transfusions than the patients with sickle cell anemia without co-existing a-deletions. Conclusion :Co-existence of a-thalassemia and sickle cell anemia has significant effects on the phenotype of Indian sickle cell patients.

Friction and wear properties of core-shell (CI is a core & GO is a shell) particles based magnetorheological fluid under steel on steel point contacts

Sanjay Kumar,Rakesh Sehgal,M.F. Wani,Mukund Dutt Sharma 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.118 No.-

This work is concerned with the experimental investigation of tribological and rheological properties ofcore–shell (carbonyl iron is the core and graphene oxide is the shell) particle-based MR fluid. Carbonyliron (CI) particles were encapsulated with graphene oxide (GO) by a simple wet stirring process. The surfacemorphology, structural properties, and magnetic properties of graphene oxide encapsulated CI particleswere analyzed by Field Emission Spectroscopy (FE-SEM), Raman Spectroscopy, and VibrationalSample Magnetometer (VSM). The rheological properties of prepared samples were examined on a modularcompact rheometer. The CI@GO particle-based MR fluid exhibited lower yield stress compared tobare CI particle-based MR fluid. Tribological tests of developed MR fluid were conducted on a universaltribometer with and without the presence of a magnetic field to ascertain the friction and wear behaviour. Experimental results revealed that the tribological properties are significantly improved by usingCI@GO-based MR fluid in comparison to bare CI-based MR fluid and dry sliding conditions. Further, thewear analysis of worn surfaces was observed on FE-SEM, Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS),and 3D-profilometer before and after each test. Three body abrasion wear mechanism was observed withsome ploughing and groove formation.

Comparative Effect of Crude and Commercial Enzyme on the Juice Recovery from Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA)

Sanjay Kumar,H. K. Sharma 한국식품과학회 2012 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.21 No.4

In present study, the effect of crude and commercial enzyme treatment on pineapple (Ananas comosus) juice yield, clarity, and viscosity was studied. A central composite face centered design was used to establish the optimum conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis of pineapple using crude enzyme. The optimized crude enzyme treatment conditions were incubation temperature 47oC, incubation time 446 min, and enzyme concentration 0.14 mL/50 g of pulp. The conditions for the commercial enzyme treatment of the same variety of pineapple to improve the juice recovery and quality were also optimized. The data showed that the crude enzyme was competitive to the commercial enzymes for the improvement of juice recovery and quality from pineapple. The comparison was done under optimized conditions using principal component analysis. As viscosity was the most uncorrelated variable, hence it can be used as a variable to study variance among samples treated by crude and commercial enzymes.