The R-line: A New Imaging Index for Decision Making Regarding C2 Lamina Decompression in Cervical Ossifcation of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

Eun Ji Moon,Byung-Jou Lee,Subum Lee,전상룡,Sung Woo Roh,박진훈 대한신경손상학회 2020 Korean Journal of Neurotrauma Vol.16 No.1

Objective: The optimal treatment modality for cervical ossifcation of the posteriorlongitudinal ligament (OPLL) including the C2 level remains controversial. Cervicallaminoplasty is a widely accepted considering of advantages such as development of fewpostoperative complications, including kyphosis or neck pain. We encountered sevenpatients with postoperative disabilities resulting from incomplete decompression aferundercutting of the C2 lamina. Based on this experience, we developed a new index todetermine the degree of decompression in cervical OPLL—the rostral line (R-line). Methods: Total of 79 consecutive patients who underwent posterior decompression ofcervical OPLL were included in this study. Mean age at the time of operation, the C2-C7cervical lordotic angle and OPLL thickness at the most stenotic level of the spinal canal, andpreoperative/postoperative Japanese Orthopedic Association score was checked in thesegroup. We compared the correspondence between the degree of C2 lamina decompressionusing the R-line and actual degree of decompression. Results: In all patients, the R-line touched the upper half of the C2 lamina on preoperativemagnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The C2-C3 local segment lordotic angle and maximaldegree of spinal cord compression by OPLL were independently correlated to postoperativeC2 cord shifing. This result indicates that the R-line is a valid indicator to determine thedegree of C2 lamina decompression in OPLL extending to the C2 level. Conclusion: The results showed that undercutting the C2 lamina can result in incompletespinal cord decompression and poor clinical outcome if the R-line touches the upper half ofthe C2 lamina on preoperative MRI.

South Korea’s Response to COVID-19 Using ICT

Sang-chul Yoon,Jong-wook Lee,Inyoung Kim,Sang-eun Roh 한국국제협력단 2020 연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

The coronavirus has quickly developed into a pandemic since its outbreak, posing a grave threat to the global community. Efforts to curb the spread of the pandemic are made across all sectors of the society, and the critical need for international cooperation to combat COVID-19 is even further emphasized. Hence, any case of effective response to COVID-19 holds useful lessons for other countries. This study reviews and analyzes South Korea’s response to COVID-19 utilizing information and communication technology (ICT). South Korea had to deploy effective epidemic-preventive measures early on in the pandemic as it experienced its COVID-19 peak before most other countries. The country implemented accurate and extensive ‘testing’, ‘tracing’ and ‘treatment’, and communicated with the public upon its principles of ‘rapid, accurate and transparent’ information- sharing. In doing so, ICT-based centralized information systems including the Smart Quarantine System, Epidemiological Investigation Support System and Patient Information Management System were utilized, which resultingly flattened the infection curve. Furthermore, the government disclosed data collected from its centralized information system in user-friendly forms by engaging with the private sector. One outcome of such efforts was stabilized supply and demand for face masks, a necessity good for securing individual health. Such aforementioned technologies served to advance traditional epidemic response measures, enhancing the procedural speed and accuracy and tracing coverage. This study aims to share South Korea’s experience in responding to COVID-19 as it offers useful and practicable insights for countries interested in making greater use of ICT to tackle the COVID-19. While current knowledge exchange-dialogues are somewhat limited in producing widely applicable solutions due to context- specific factors, it is anticipated that an accumulation of shared experiences will strengthen the global community’s COVID-19 response capabilities.

Quantum-dots-based detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3 using RNA aptamer on chip

Roh, Changhyun,Lee, Ho-Young,Kim, Sang-Eun,Jo, Sung-Kee John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2010 Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology Vol.85 No.8

<P>BACKGROUND: Over 170 million people, more than 3% of the world's population, suffer from the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and the rate of death from liver-related mortality to HCV has increased. In respect of this, the development of assays for biological imaging should be urgently considered as an essential factor in diagnosis.</P><P>RESULTS: A novel HCV-detecting technique using a nanoparticle-supported aptamer probe was demonstrated. With the aid of nanoparticle quantum dots (QDs) with carboxyl group as an imaging probe, and 5′-end-amine-modified RNA oligonucleotide as a capturing probe, target HCV NS3 was visually detected on chip. The QDs-based RNA aptamer for HCV NS3 showed high selectivity and specificity against other protein such as BSA. The detection limit of HCV NS3 protein was 5 ng mL<SUP>−1</SUP> level.</P><P>CONCLUSION: With a novel strategy for protein–aptamer interaction, the feasibility of applying QDs-based fluorescent detection technique to HCV viral protein assay for the development of a protein biochip was demonstrated. This scheme of QDs-mediated imaging with a target-oriented specific RNA aptamer for the detection of infectious HCV diseases provides an efficient strategy and a promising new platform for monitoring applications. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry</P>

Neonatal outcomes of twin pregnancies delivered at late-preterm versus term gestation based on chorionicity and indication for delivery

Sung, Ji-Hee,Kim, Soo Hyun,Kim, Yoo-Min,Kim, Ji-Hye,Kim, Mi-Na,Lee, Hye Ran,Lee, Hye-Jung,Lee, Eun-Jung,Choi, Suk-Joo,Oh, Soo-young,Roh, Cheong-Rae,Kim, Jong-Hwa De Gruyter 2016 Journal of perinatal medicine Vol.44 No.8

<P><B>Abstract</B></P>Objective: To investigate the neonatal outcomes of twin pregnancies delivered at late-preterm versus term gestation based on chorionicity and indication for delivery.Study Design: This is a retrospective cohort study of women with twin pregnancies delivered at ≥34 weeks of gestation from 1995 to 2014. Subjects were categorized into two groups according to gestational age at delivery: late-preterm group (34–36 weeks) and term group (≥37 weeks). Neonatal outcome measures including neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, mechanical ventilator support, and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) were compared between the late-preterm and term group based on chorionicity (monochorionic or dichorionic) and delivery indication (elective or non-elective).Results: A total of 1198 twin pregnancies were included in the study: 679 in the late-preterm group and 519 in the term group. Late-preterm twin infants had higher rates of NICU admission, mechanical ventilator support, and RDS than did term twin infants, regardless of the chorionicity and indication for delivery. In the multivariable analysis, late-preterm birth, monochorionicity, and non-elective delivery were independently associated with a significantly higher risk of NICU admission and mechanical ventilator support.Conclusion: The late-preterm birth was associated with a higher risk of adverse neonatal outcome regardless of chorionicity and indication for delivery, and showed significantly increased risk by monochorionicity and non-elective delivery.

Berry Thinning Effects on the Fruit and Wine Quality of Grape ‘Muscat Bailey A’

Sung-Min Jung,Eun-Ha Jang,Seo-Jun Park,Seok-Tae Jeong,Jeong-Ho Roh,Youn-Young Hur,Han-Chan Lee 한국원예학회 2010 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2010 No.10

DETECTION OF DERMAL IRRITANT CHEMICALS WITH IN VITRO IRRITATION ASSAY

Eun-Hye Jo,Gyoun-Baek Seo,Jae-young Choi,Eung-Roh Park,Sang-Hee Lee,Jun-Heon Yoon,Kyunghee Choi,Jin-Seok Han 한국환경독성학회 2009 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2009 No.11

한국 현대시의 리듬 이론 연구: 역사와 현황 (3) -1930년에서 해방 전까지-

조재룡 고려대학교 한국언어문화학술확산연구소 2022 Journal of Korean Culture Vol.59 No.-

Rhythm studies conducted after 1930 began by investigating the characteristics of the Korean language. Cho Yoon-jae suggested that Joseon dynasty's poetry, unlike Western and Chinese poetry, not only lacks ‘accent’ and ‘pitch’, but also cannot operate ‘rhyme'. He defined ‘rhythm’ as ‘rhyming beauty’ induced by ‘circulation of emotions’. Along with rhythm, a new approach came to the fore that rhythm in Joseon dynasty’s poetry is in fact based on the number of syllables. Cho Byeok-Am, while criticizing Kim Ok for his concept of rhythm based on fixed verse, emphasizes the inseparability of poetic content and form. Free verse, formed on internal rhythm instead of external and formal meter, is a new form of poetry free from metrical constraints, yet to be identified. Rhythm began to be discussed to search for ‘poetic form' along with the advent of free verse. However, the dichotomy between ‘intrinsic, content meter’ and ‘external, formal meter’ forbids it to proceed as in previous generations. Kim Ki-Rim attempted to extricate rhythm from fixed meter in traditional poetry. Instead of abandoning the mechanical and formulaic rhythm, he explored new types of rhythm: intonation, tone, accent, and tempo. According to Kim Ki-Rim, rhythm is what gives words meaning, voice, and expression. Questioning rhythm and context makes words and phrases understood in a given discourse. Yun Kon-Gang defines rhythm as a collection of accents, whose effect is close to ‘zero’ in poetry, thus worthless. In his studies, rhythm is considered as a product of typification or an immobile decoration, while ‘tone’ is perceived as a dynamic, living form of language. However, the modality of tone was not elucidated. 1930년 이후 진행된 리듬 연구는 조선어의 특성을 규명하는 일에서 착수되었다. 조윤제는 서양의 영시나 동양의 중국시가 아니라 일본어와 유사한 조선어에 ‘악센트’와 ‘고저’가 부재할 뿐 아니라 ‘운韻’을 운용하는 게 불가능하다고 주장한다. ‘감정의 유통’에 따른 ‘자연스러운 율미(律美)를 리듬(Rhythm)이라고 정의한다. 조선시의 ‘운율’은 ‘자수율’이라는 인식이 ‘리듬’과 함께 대두된다. 조벽암은 김억의 ‘정형시론’에 근저한 리듬 개념을 비판하면서 시의 내용과 형식의 불가분성을 강조한다. 외면적ㆍ형식적인 운율법 대신 ‘내재율의 리듬’에 토대한 자유시형은 일정한 박자와 율격의 구속을 벗어난 새로운 시형이지만 그 실체가 규명되지 않는다. 자유시형의 출현과 더불어 ‘시형’의 모색에서 본격적으로 논의되기 시작한 리듬은 앞선 세대와 마찬가지로 ‘내재율-내용율’ vs ‘외재율-형식율’의 이분법에 갇혀 전진하지 못한다. 김기림은 전통시의 정형률에서 리듬을 탈출시키려 시도한다. 김기림은 기계적이고 도식적인 의미의 리듬을 폐기하는 대신, 새로운 리듬을 탐구하였다. 그에게 리듬은 억양이나 어조, 액센트나 템포 등의 운용이며, 리듬은 말에 ‘뜻’을 입히고 목소리와 표정을 부여한다. 리듬과 문맥을 따져 물을 때 비로소 낱말이나 구절은 언술 속에서 비로소 제 의미를 이해할 수 있다. 윤곤강은 리듬을 단순한 악센트의 집합으로 정의하며, 그 효과는 시에서 ‘제로’에 가까워, 시에서는 ‘무가치한 무엇’이라는 결론을 내린다. 윤곤강에게 리듬은 ‘유형화’의 산물이며, 정형율과 다르지 않은 굳어진 장식인 반면, 톤은 말의 생동하는 동적 형태로 인식된다. 그러나 톤의 양태는 규명되지 않는다.

Case Report : A case of huge retroperitoneal liposarcoma in pregnancy

( Sang Eun Oh ),( Hyun Joo Kim ),( Suk Joo Choi ),( Soo Young Oh ),( Cheong Rae Roh ),( Jong Hwa Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2014 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.57 No.3

A 39-year-old woman was referred to our hospital at 28+2 week gestation. Routine obstetric examination revealed a palpable pelvic mass. Initial investigation by magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a huge solid mass with heterogeneous enhancement that completely filled the right side of the abdomen. She underwent two surgeries: a programmed cesarean section by Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology team and a laparotomy performed by the General Surgery team. Final diagnosis was de-differentiated liposarcoma (French Federation Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer grade 2/3). She has been treated with radiation therapy focusing on high risk area of retroperitoneum followed by adjuvant chemotherapy (doxorubicin and ifosfamide). Below is the full case with literature review.

Growth and Invasion of Sporadic Colorectal Adenocarcinomas in Terms of Genetic Change

Roh, Seon Ae,Choi, Eun Young,Cho, Dong Hyung,Jang, Se Jin,Kim, Seon Young,Kim, Yong Sung,Kim, Jin Cheon The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2010 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.25 No.3

<P>Integrative genetic changes were examined in relation to tumor growth and progression of sporadic colorectal cancers. Ninety-two sporadic colorectal cancer patients and 12 human colorectal cancer cell lines were evaluated. Genetic changes in representative steps of colorectal tumorigenesis were determined. Biological characteristics, i.e., clinicopathologic parameters, expression of invasion-associated molecules, and in vitro invasion and migration, in association with these changes were further analyzed. Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and/or Wnt-activated alterations occurred in 66% patients, whereas mismatch repair (MMR) defects and/or RAF-mediated alterations were identified in 47% patients. The crossover rate between these two alterations was 26%. Differential mRNA expression of <I>ARK5</I> was closely associated with that of <I>MMP2</I>, <I>MMP9</I>, and <I>S100A4</I> (<I>P</I>≤0.044-0.001). Additionally, enhanced <I>ARK5</I> mRNA expression was more frequent in tumors displaying RAF-mediated alterations and crossover pathways (<I>P</I>=0.01 and 0.03, respectively). Upregulation of <I>CEA</I> mRNA was more common in the advanced stages (<I>P</I>=0.034), while <I>VEGF</I> expression was greater in poorly differentiated or mucinous tumors (<I>P</I>=0.042). The high expressions of <I>MMP2</I> and <I>MMP9</I> were closely associated with invasion and migration of colorectal tumors and cell lines. Our results conclusively show that specific pathways of colorectal tumorigenesis are closely associated with characteristic tumor growth and invasion.</P>

A Study on the Type of Welfare Service for Strengthening Tenant's Housing Welfare in Permanent Affordable Housing

Roh, Sang-Youn,Yoon, Young-Ho,Cho, Young-Tae,Lee, Ji-Eun,Cho, Yong-Kyung Land and Housing Institute 2012 LHI journal of land, housing, and urban affairs Vol.3 No.1

Since the provision of Permanent Affordable Housing in the early 1990's, it is confronted with the need to strengthen its welfare service due to aging of its facilities and the declining welfare system for its tenants. In addition, the aging population of tenants is on the rise, increasing the group of tenants that are in need of care. The local social community center has entered into the community of permanent affordable housing and takes partial responsibility in the tenant's social welfare. However, social community center is mainly responsible for providing welfare service to its local residents and thus limited in its ability to satisfy welfare service to tenants of permanent affordable housing. Therefore, it is required to renew the existing welfare system to better suit social demands of tenants according to its specific social group and the characteristics of housing complex. This study aims to propose methods that can strengthen welfare service and analyze the characteristics of welfare service by investigating the existing conditions of welfare system for the tenants in permanent affordable housing complex. For this purpose, this study presents with categories of service standards, by breaking down and codifying welfare service and propose applicable mixed-use service in pre-existing permanent affordable housing.