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Cha Min Jae,Cho Iksung,Hong Joonhwa,Kim Sang-Wook,Shin Seung Yong,Paek Mun Young,Bi Xiaoming,Kim Sung Mok 대한영상의학회 2021 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.22 No.7
Objective: Motion-corrected averaging with a single-shot technique was introduced for faster acquisition of late-gadoliniumenhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging while free-breathing. We aimed to evaluate the image quality (IQ) of free-breathing motion-corrected single-shot LGE (moco-ss-LGE) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Materials and Methods: Between April and December 2019, 30 patients (23 men; median age, 48.5; interquartile range [IQR], 36.5–61.3) with HCM were prospectively enrolled. Breath-held single-shot LGE (bh-ss-LGE) and free-breathing mocoss-LGE images were acquired in random order on a 3T MR system. Semi-quantitative IQ scores, contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs), and quantitative size of myocardial scar were assessed on pairs of bh-ss-LGE and moco-ss-LGE. The mean ± standard deviation of the parameters was obtained. The results were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: The moco-ss-LGE images had better IQ scores than the bh-ss-LGE images (4.55 ± 0.55 vs. 3.68 ± 0.45, p < 0.001). The CNR of the scar to the remote myocardium (34.46 ± 11.85 vs. 26.13 ± 10.04, p < 0.001), scar to left ventricle (LV) cavity (13.09 ± 7.95 vs. 9.84 ± 6.65, p = 0.030), and LV cavity to remote myocardium (33.12 ± 15.53 vs. 22.69 ± 11.27, p < 0.001) were consistently greater for moco-ss-LGE images than for bh-ss-LGE images. Measurements of scar size did not differ significantly between LGE pairs using the following three different quantification methods: 1) full width at half-maximum method; 23.84 ± 12.88% vs. 24.05 ± 12.81% (p = 0.820), 2) 6-standard deviation method, 15.14 ± 10.78% vs. 15.99 ± 10.99% (p = 0.186), and 3) 3-standard deviation method; 36.51 ± 17.60% vs. 37.50 ± 17.90% (p = 0.785). Conclusion: Motion-corrected averaging may allow for superior IQ and CNRs with free-breathing in single-shot LGE imaging, with a herald of free-breathing moco-ss-LGE as the scar imaging technique of choice for clinical practice.
Sang-Mok Cha,Jae-Kyoung Shim,Kyeong-Yeoll Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2015 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.04
Cotton aphid infests more than 700 plants and a major pest of various horticultural crops worldwide. The glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is a member of heat shock protein 70. Its expression is associated with the nutritional changes as well as environmental stresses. The full sequences of grp78 cDNA of Aphis gossypii was determined. It had conserved motifs of hsp genes and terminated in KDEL which is common to GRP78. Quantitative realtime PCR showed that its level was changed during development and also upregulated by starvation. However, its level was not much changed by heat stress. The level of grp78 can be use to understand nutritional physiology on insects.
Sang-Mok Cha,Jae-Kyoung Shim,Kyeong-Yeoll Le 한국응용곤충학회 2015 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.10
Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is a member of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family that is specific to endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It is known as chaperones and signaling regulators that respond to ER stresses in vertebrates. However, its function in invertebrates, including insects, is uncertain. Here we determined a full cDNA sequence and the expression patterns of grp78 of Aphis gossypii, which is a major pest of numerous crop plants worldwide. Its cDNA had highly conserved motifs of the HSP70 family and the C-terminal motif of KDEL characteristic of ER-specific HSPs. It showed 98.5% identity with the GRP78 of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that the grp78 level was higher in the fourth instar nymph than in the younger instar and adult stages. Its level was not affected by thermal stress of 10 to 40°C for 1 h. The grp78 level was proportional to the ingestion of a sucrose solution ranging in concentration from 0% to 30% in a Parafilm feeding chamber. In addition, the grp78 level varied among aphids feeding on leaves from 14 different host plants for 24 h; it was higher with eggplant and pepper but lower with pigweed and tobacco than any other plants. Our study suggests that the grp78 level is regulated by nutritional condition of A. gossypii.
Fail-Safe IO의 Low Power 회로 Solution
이상목(Sang-Mok Lee),오영귀(Young-Gwi Oh),차재아(Jae-Ah Cha),정현섭(Hyun-Sub Jung),여정현(Jung-Hyun Yo),권건태(Geun-Tae Kwon),이윤종(Yoon-Jong Lee) 대한전자공학회 2016 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.11
This paper describes the method to prevent the leakage current and function fail at power-off of an Input and Output(I/O) pad, and suggests using circuit to control NMOS driver. This circuit is operated as sleep mode at power-on and operated as wake-up mode (fail-safe) at power-off. Thus NMOS driver is kept as cut-off, so that this solution enables to prevent the leakage current and function fail.
Air Damping Effect on the Air-based CMUT Operation
Bu-sang Cha,Takeshi Kanashima,Seung-Mok Lee,Masanori Okuyama 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.67 No.3
The vibration amplitude, damping ratio and viscous damping force in capacitive micromachinedultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) with a perforated membrane have been calculated theoretically and compared with the experimental data on its vibration behavior. The electrical bias of the DC and the AC voltages and the operation frequency conditions influence the damping effect because leads to variations in the gap height and the vibration velocity of the membrane. We propose a new estimation method to determine the damping ratio by the decay rate of the vibration amplitudes of the perforated membrane plate are measured using a laser vibrometer at each frequency, and the damping ratios were calculated from those results. The influences of the vibration frequency and the electrostatic force on the damping effect under the various operation conditions have been studied.