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Clinical Study and Review of Articles (Korean) about Retrorectal Developmental Cysts in Adults
Sung Wook Baek,Haeng Ji Kang,Ji Yong Yoon,Do Youn Whang,Duk Hoon Park,Seo Gue Yoon,Hyun Sik Kim,Jong Kyun Lee,Jung Dal Lee,KwangYunKim 대한대장항문학회 2011 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.27 No.6
Purpose: A retrorectal developmental cyst (tailgut cyst, epidermoid cyst, dermoid cyst, teratoma, and duplication) is very rare disease, and the symptoms are not characteristic so that sometimes this disease is still misdiagnosed as a supralevator abscess or a complex anal fistula. We would like to present a clinical approach to this disease. Methods: We retrospectively examined the charts of 15 patients who were treated for retrorectal cysts from January 2001 to November 2009. Results: All 15 patients were female. The average age was 41 years (range, 21 to 60 years). Fourteen patients (93.3%) were symptomatic, and the most common symptom was anal pain or discomfort. Nine patients (60%) had more than one previ- ous operation (range, 1 to 9 times) for a supralevator abscess, an anal fistula, etc. In 12 patients (80%), the diagnosis could be made by using the medical history and physical examination. Thirteen cysts (80%) were excised completely through the posterior approach. The average diameter of the cysts was 4.8 cm (range, 2 to 10 cm). Pathologic diagnoses were 8 tailgut cysts (53.3%), 5 epidermoid cysts (33.3%) and 2 dermoid cysts (13.3%). The average follow-up period was 18.3 months (range, 1 to 64 months). Conclusion: In our experience, high suspicion and physical examination are the most important diagnostic methods. If a female patient has a history of multiple perianal operations, a retrorectal bulging soft mass, a posterior anal dimple, and no conventional creamy foul odorous pus in drainage, the possibility of a retrorectal developmental cyst must be considered. Purpose: A retrorectal developmental cyst (tailgut cyst, epidermoid cyst, dermoid cyst, teratoma, and duplication) is very rare disease, and the symptoms are not characteristic so that sometimes this disease is still misdiagnosed as a supralevator abscess or a complex anal fistula. We would like to present a clinical approach to this disease. Methods: We retrospectively examined the charts of 15 patients who were treated for retrorectal cysts from January 2001 to November 2009. Results: All 15 patients were female. The average age was 41 years (range, 21 to 60 years). Fourteen patients (93.3%) were symptomatic, and the most common symptom was anal pain or discomfort. Nine patients (60%) had more than one previ- ous operation (range, 1 to 9 times) for a supralevator abscess, an anal fistula, etc. In 12 patients (80%), the diagnosis could be made by using the medical history and physical examination. Thirteen cysts (80%) were excised completely through the posterior approach. The average diameter of the cysts was 4.8 cm (range, 2 to 10 cm). Pathologic diagnoses were 8 tailgut cysts (53.3%), 5 epidermoid cysts (33.3%) and 2 dermoid cysts (13.3%). The average follow-up period was 18.3 months (range, 1 to 64 months). Conclusion: In our experience, high suspicion and physical examination are the most important diagnostic methods. If a female patient has a history of multiple perianal operations, a retrorectal bulging soft mass, a posterior anal dimple, and no conventional creamy foul odorous pus in drainage, the possibility of a retrorectal developmental cyst must be considered.
Two Cases of Giant Epidermal Cyst Occurring in the Neck
Sang-Gue Kang,김철한,Hong-Ki Cho,Mi-Youn Park,이윤진,조문균 대한피부과학회 2011 Annals of Dermatology Vol.23 No.-
Epidermal cysts are the most common cysts of the skin. A conventional epidermal cyst rarely reaches a size of more than 5 cm in diameter. We report on two cases of giant epidermal cyst occurring in the neck. One patient had a cyst measuring 12×9×9 cm and the other patient had a non-pulsatile, dome-shaped lesion in the neck, which measured 6×5×3 cm. The lesions were totally excised. Histopathologically, both were confirmed as giant epidermal cysts. (Ann Dermatol 23(S1) S135∼S138, 2011)
Vitamin D Receptor Gene TaqI, BsmI and FokI Polymorphisms in Korean Patients with Tuberculosis
Kang, Tae-Jin,Jin, Song-Hou,Yeum, Chung-Eun,Lee, Seong-Beom,Kim, Chi-Hong,Lee, Sang-Haak,Kim, Kwan-Hyoung,Shin, Eun-Soon,Chae, Gue-Tae The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2011 Immune Network Vol.11 No.5
Background: The active metabolite (1, 25- dihydroxycholecalciferol) of vitamin D (25-hydroxycholecalciferol) leads to activation of macrophages and deficiency of vitamin D seems to be involved in the risk of tuberculosis. The effects of vitamin D are exerted by interaction with the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and may be influenced by polymorphism in the VDR gene. In this study, variation in the VDR gene was investigated in Korean population with tuberculosis. Methods: We typed three VDR polymorphisms of restriction endonuclease sites for TaqI, BsmI and FokI in 155 patients with tuberculosis and 105 healthy volunteers. Results: The frequencies of FokI genotypes determined from TB patients were 29.13% for FF, 56.31% for Ff, and 14.56% for ff. We observed 1.4-fold increased prevalence of the Ff genotype in TB patients compared with normal healthy groups (p=0.0857). However, there was no significant association between the genotype groups, TB patient and normal control, for FokI polymorphism. There was also no significant association between VDR gene and tuberculosis in another polymorphism (BsmI and TaqI). Conclusion: Three polymorphisms (TaqI, BsmI and FokI) in the VDR gene do not appear to be responsible for host susceptibility to human tuberculosis in Korean population.
New strategy to prevent implant displacement in transaxillary endoscopic augmentation mammaplasty
Sang-Gue Kang,Joung Ki Kim,엄순찬 대한미용성형외과학회 2020 Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Vol.26 No.1
Breast augmentation is one of the most popular cosmetic procedures in Korea and worldwide. In breast augmentation, it is crucial to place the implant in the proper position by creating an adequate pocket considering the size of the implant. This prevents subsequent displacement of the implant. When using an endoscope, the operation is performed without direct vision and in a narrow surgical space, leading to limitations in practice. Inexperienced physicians face a steep learning curve in their efforts to overcome this difficulty. In this study, we attempted to overcome this challenge by specifying the medial and lateral dissection ranges. The extent of the dissection is determined based on the pinnate of the pectoralis major muscle when dissecting medially and the fascia of the pectoralis major, the pectoralis minor, and the serratus anterior muscles when dissecting laterally. In addition, the structure made from the medial and lateral sides can support the implant like a funnel and can prevent further downward, inward, and outward displacement.
Case Reports : Two Cases of Giant Epidermal Cyst Occurring in the Neck
( Sang Gue Kang ),( Chul Han Kim ),( Hong Ki Cho ),( Mi Youn Park ),( Yoon Jin Lee ),( Moon Kyun Cho ) 대한피부과학회 2011 Annals of Dermatology Vol.23 No.1S
Epidermal cysts are the most common cysts of the skin. A conventional epidermal cyst rarely reaches a size of more than 5 cm in diameter. We report on two cases of giant epidermal cyst occurring in the neck. One patient had a cyst measuring 12×9×9 cm and the other patient had a non-pulsatile, dome-shaped lesion in the neck, which measured 6×5×3 cm. The lesions were totally excised. Histopathologically, both were confirmed as giant epidermal cysts. (Ann Dermatol 23(S1) S135~S138, 2011)
Kim, Sung-Whan,Han, Hoon,Chae, Gue-Tae,Lee, Sung-Hoon,Bo, Sun,Yoon, Jung-Hee,Lee, Yong-Soon,Lee, Kwang-Soo,Park, Hwon-Kyum,Kang, Kyung-Sun Wiley (John WileySons) 2006 Stem cells Vol.24 No.6
<P>Buerger's disease, also known as thromboangiitis obliterans, is a nonatherosclerotic, inflammatory, vasoocclusive disease. It is characterized pathologically as a panangiitis of medium and small blood vessels, including both arteries and adjacent veins, especially the distal extremities (the feet and the hands). There is no curative medication or surgery for this disease. In the present study, we transplanted human leukocyte antigen-matched human umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into four men with Buerger's disease who had already received medical treatment and surgical therapies. After the stem cell transplantation, ischemic rest pain suddenly disappeared from their affected extremities. The necrotic skin lesions were healed within 4 weeks. In the follow-up angiography, digital capillaries were increased in number and size. In addition, vascular resistance in the affected extremities, compared with the preoperative examination, was markedly decreased due to improvement of the peripheral circulation. Because an animal model of Buerger's disease is absent and also to understand human results, we transplanted human UCB-derived MSCs to athymic nude mice with hind limb ischemia by femoral artery ligation. Up to 60% of the hind limbs were salvaged in the femoral artery-ligated animals. By in situ hybridization, the human UCB-derived MSCs were detected in the arterial walls of the ischemic hind limb in the treated group. Therefore, it is suggested that human UCB-derived MSC transplantation may be a new and useful therapeutic armament for Buerger's disease and similar ischemic diseases.</P>
하지 동맥경화증의 수술 전 진단에서 고식적 혈관조영술과 다중검출 나선식 컴퓨터 혈관조영술의 비교
이강율(Kang Yool Lee),김일명(Il Myung Kim),유병욱(Byung Ook You),윤진(Jin Yoon),박상수(Sang Su Park),신동규(Dong Gue Shin),강성구(Sung Gu Kang),황호경(Ho Kyung Hwang),이성아(Sung A Lee) 대한외과학회 2008 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.74 No.4
Purpose: We performed this study to assess the suitability of conventional angiography (CA) vs. multi-detector row helical CT angiogram (MD-CTA) as a method of preoperative diagnostic imaging for low extremity arterial surgery. Methods: From February 2004 to September 2006, 23 patients (4 claudicants, 19 limb-threatening ischemia) were studied with CA and MD-CTA preoperatively. The site and degree of stenotic or occlusive lesions in arterial segments from the renal artery to the dorsalis pedis artery were compared with both methods. We also compared the surgical inflow and outflow site changes in preoperative planning based on CA and MD-CTA and the final outcome. Additional diagnostic value and test-related complications were also analyzed. Results: The median age of patients was 68 years old (range: 43∼89 years), with a male to female ratio of 1.3:1. Twenty-three patients had CA after an MD-CTA scan. One hundred fifty lesions were detected in these patients. The total ratio of consistency for occlusion in CA vs. MD-CTA was 69.6%. Three patients received amputation treatment and eleven patients received a bypass operation. The agree ment between the preoperative plan based on MD-CTA and the final operation was 100%, even in critical limb ischemia. There were no serious complications related to the tests. Conclusion: These findings suggest that MD-CTA is an adequate preoperative imaging study of infrainguinal arterial surgery and may be substituted for conventional angiography without any serious complications.
ETRI 0.25 ㎛ GaN MMIC 공정 및 X-대역 전력증폭기 MMIC
이상흥(Sang-Heung Lee),김성일(Seong-Il Kim),안호균(Ho-Kyun Ahn),이종민(Jong-Min Lee),강동민(Dong-Min Kang),김동영(Dong Yung Kim),김해천(Haecheon Kim),민병규(Byoung-Gue Min),윤형섭(Hyung Sup Yoon),조규준(Kyu Jun Cho),장유진(Yoo Jin Ja 한국전자파학회 2017 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.28 No.1
본 논문에서는 한국전자통신연구원(ETRI)에서 구축한 0.25 ㎛ GaN MMIC 공정 및 소자특성을 소개하고, 이를 이용한 X-대역 3 W GaN 전력증폭기 MMIC 설계 · 제작 결과를 논의한다. X-대역 동작에 적합한 GaN HEMT 소자를 선정하여 GaN 전력증폭기 MMIC를 1단으로 설계하고 제작하였으며, 이를 통하여 ETRI 0.25 ㎛ GaN MMIC 공정 및 특성을 평가하고 분석하였다. X-대역 GaN 전력증폭기 MMIC 제작 결과, 출력전력 3.5 W, 이득 10 ㏈ 및 전력부가효율 35 % 특성을 얻었다. In this paper, ETRI"s 0.25 ㎛ GaN MMIC process is introduced and the fabricated results of X-Band 3 W power amplifier MMIC are discussed. The one-stage X-Band 3 W power amplifier MMIC using the 0.25 ㎛ GaN MMIC devices has been designed and fabricated. From the fabricated GaN MMIC, the characteristics of the 0.25 ㎛ GaN MMIC process and devices are evaluated and analyzed. The X-band power amplifier MMIC shows output power of 3.5 W, gain of 10 ㏈, and power-added efficiency of 35 %.