축산 폐수의 효율적 처리를 위한 광합성 미세조류인 Spirulina platensis 배양 공정의 최적화

안주희,김성수,김태호,이준엽,오상집,이진하,이현용 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.4

돈분 폐수의 효율적인 처리를 위해 6 W/㎡, 12 W/㎡와 24 W/㎡의 조도 하에서 온도를 15℃에서 40℃까지 각각 변화시켜, 광합성 미세 조류인 Spirulina platensis의 생육에 관한 최적 생육 조건 결정에 관한 실험을 하였다. 균체의 비생육속도는 30℃까지는 온도 증가에 따라 증가하였다. 균체의 생육에 있어서 온도의 영향을 설명하기 위해서 Arrhenius 식을 이용하여서 얻은 활성화 에너지 값은 13.5kal/mol이었다. 순수 배지에서 배양된 균체의 비생육속도가 0.31(1/day)인 반면 30% 돈분 첨가 배양시 얻은 균체의 비생육속도는 0.24(1/day)였다. 폐수내의 총 질소량과 이의 제거속도로 균체의 폐수 처리 능력을 평가할 수 있었다. 돈분 농도를 달리 첨가한 회분배양에 있어서 70~93%(PO_4^3- -P), 67~93%(inorganic nitrogen), 80~90% (COD) 그리고 37~56%(organic nitrogen)의 감소율을 보였다. 총-질소와 총-인의 1차반응 감소 속도 상수는 각각 0.17(1/day)와 0.14(1/day)로 계산되었다. 20% 돈분을 첨가하는 연속배양에 있어서 회석률이 0.20(1/day)일 때 최대 균체농도가 1.52(g/L)를 유지했다. 돈분처리 후 얻은 균체의 성분은 단백질이 58.7%, 지방 11.0% 그리고 회분이 15.6%였다. The kinetics of growing microalga, Spirulina platensis was investigated to treat swine wastes with optimum growth conditions. Temperature was varied from 15 to 40℃ at three different light intensities, 6 W/㎡, 12 W/㎡ and 24 W/㎡. The specific growth rate was increased as temperature increased up to 30℃. The activation energy was estimated as 13.5 kcal/mol by an Arrhenius relationship. 0.24(1/day) of specific growth rate was obtained from batch cultivation with 30% swine wastes, compared to 0.31 (1/day) from clean culture. It was found that Spirulina platensis was able to reduce 70~93% of PO_4^3- -P, 67~93% of inorganic nitrogen, 80~90% of COD and 37~56% organic nitrogen by adding various concentrations of swine wastes for 12 days of batch cultivation. Rate constants for removing nitrates and phosphates in treating swine wastes were estimated as 0.17 (1/day) and 0.14 (1/day) in the first order reaction, respectively. 1.52(g/L) of maximum cell density was maintained at 0.20(1/day) of dilution rate in continuous culture, adding 20% swine wastes for 30 days. The chemical composition of the biomass obtained from the process showed 58.7% of protein, 11.0% of lipid and 15.6% of ash.

Dietary Chromium-methionine Chelate Supplementation and Animal Performance

Ohh, Sang Jip,Lee, Joon Yeop Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.6

Chromium has emerged as an essential trace mineral in nutrition. However, it readily causes toxicity because of slightly excessive dose and/or form of chromium supplement. Therefore, developing a noble form of chromium supplement which is capable of not only an increased availability but also a reduced toxicity has been a critical issue in chromium nutrition. Chromium-methionine chelate has been, so far, one of the latest developments in its kind. Although not much information is available for the chromium-methionine chelate, especially in view of animal performances upon dietary supplementation, several studies indicated chromium methionine chelate could be effective to improve meat quality by increasing muscle mass but decreasing body fat. Highly-graded beef was produced by dietary chromium methionine supplementation during fattening stage of Korean native steers. Body muscle was increased in replace of decreasing body fat in both pig and rat that were dietary supplemented with chromium methionine chelate. However, a pig farm study did not show any significant improvement of body gain upon supplementation of chromium methionine. Immune responses of pig and rat were not always dependent upon chromium form but were varied by species. These results suggest there could be a different mode of responses due to species as well as onset time of dietary supplementation of chromium methionine. It is still early to conclude the bio-efficacy of chromium methionine chelate presumably due to its recent appearance into the field. But the chelate is certainly worth more application to animal since it certainly reduced the application level of dietary chromium.

Chromium Methionine Supplementation Decreases Obesity Indices in Rats

Ohh, Sang-Jip,Kim, Chang-Hyeuk,Shin, Jong-Seo,Sung, Kyung-Il,Kim, Hyun-Sook The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2003 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.8 No.3

This study was conducted to determine the effects of chromium-methionine (CrMet) supplementation at various levels on obesity index, body fat, and serum glucose, insulin and leptin in rats. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of four dietary groups and fed AIN-76 semi-purified basal diets supplemented with 0, 300, 600 or 1200 ppb Cr from CrMet. After 4 weeks on the respective diets, the rats were killed and serum glucose, insulin and leptin concentrations were determined. The CrMet supplementation did not affect weight gain, feed intake or feed efficiency ratio, fasting glucose, insulin or leptin levels among treatment groups. Although final body weight in all treatments were not significantly different, naso-anal length was longer in the 1200 ppb CrMet group than those of control or other groups (p<0.05). The lowest obesity index and body fat were observed in the 1200 ppb dietary group (p<0.05). The obesity index of the rats fed 1200 ppb supplemental CrMet was lower than in the other groups. These results suggest that CrMet supplementation results in a significant decrease in obesity index, possibly by decreasing the body fat that corresponded to increasing CrMet dosage.

Chromium Methionine Supplementation Decreases Obesity Indices in Rats

Sang Jip Ohh,Chang Hyeuk Kim,Jong Seo Shin,Kyung Il Sung,Hyun Sook Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2003 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.8 No.3

This study was conducted to determine the effects of chromium-methionine (CrMet) supplementation at various levels on obesity index, body fat, and serum glucose, insulin and leptin in rats. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of four dietary groups and fed AIN-76 semi-purified basal diets supplemented with 0, 300, 600 or 1200 ppb Cr from CrMet. After 4 weeks on the respective diets, the rats were killed and serum glucose, insulin and leptin concentrations were determined. The CrMet supplementation did not affect weight gain, feed intake or feed efficiency ratio, fasting glucose, insulin or leptin levels among treatment groups. Although final body weight in all treatments were not significantly different, naso-anal length was longer in the 1200 ppb CrMet group than those of control or other groups (p<0.05). The lowest obesity index and body fat were observed in the 1200 ppb dietary group (p<0.05). The obesity index of the rats fed 1200 ppb supplemental CrMet was lower than in the other groups. These results suggest that CrMet supplementation results in a significant decrease in obesity index, possibly by decreasing the body fat that corresponded to increasing CrMet dosage.

Effects of Different Forms of Chromium Supplements on Serum Glucose, Insulin and Lipids in Rats

Sang Jip Ohh,Chang Hyeuk Kim,Jong Seo Shin,Kyung Il Sung,Hyun Sook Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2004 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.9 No.4

This study evaluated the effects of different forms of chromium supplements on serum glucose, insulin and lipid concentrations in rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly assigned to one of three dietary groups and fed AIN-76 semi-purified basal diets supplemented with 300 ppb Cr from Cr methionine (CrMet) and Cr chloride (CrCl₃) or without Cr (control). By the end of the 4^(th) week, all rats were decapitated, blood collected, and serum glucose, insulin and lipid concentrations were determined. The CrMet and CrCl₃ supplementation did not affect weight gain and feed efficiency ratio. However, feed intake was significantly higher in CrMet groups than control (p<0.05). CrMet-supplemented rats had markedly increased insulin levels (p<0.05) compared with controls. Serum lipids were not significantly different between the control and the CrMet groups. CrCl₃ supplementation decreased total cholesterol and triglyceride, but the decreases were only significant for the control group. CrCl₃ supplementation was associated with significant decreases in total cholesterol compared with CrMet supplementation. These results indicate that CrMet supplementation is effective for increasing serum insulin, and CrCl₃ may improve lipid concentrations, because we observed decreased serum total cholesterol and an improved total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio (THR).

Meta Analysis to Draw the Appropriate Regimen of Enzyme and Probiotic Supplementation to Pigs and Chicken Diets

Ohh, Sang-Jip Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.4

Along with the recent changes in animal feed supply circumstances, many enzyme and probiotic feed supplements have been introduced and applied to pigs and chicken diets. Therefore, both selection of the appropriate feed supplements and their proper supplementation becomes critical to justify the supplementation. Meta-analysis was proposed as an appropriate tool to assess the large amount of relevant information. In this review, reliable data from recent publications was compounded then analyzed to determine the best practice of effective enzyme supplementation from the perspectives of animal species, age, characteristics of feed, target substrates, optimum multi enzymes combination and intended objectives. The results of the analysis suggested pratical methods of probiotic supplementation regarding intestinal microbiota, physiological limitation of probiotics, maximization of the probiotic benefit and synergism with prebiotic supplements.

Effects of Different Forms of Chromium Supplements on Serum Glucose, Insulin and Lipids in Rats

Ohh, Sang-Jip,Kim, Chang-Hyeuk,Shin, Jong-Seo,Sung, Kyung-Il,Kim, Hyun-Sook The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2004 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.9 No.4

This study evaluated the effects of different forms of chromium supplements on serum glucose, insulin and lipid concentrations in rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly assigned to one of three dietary groups and fed AIN-76 semi-purified basal diets supplemented with 300 ppb Cr from Cr methionine (CrMet) and Cr chloride $(CrCI_3)$ or without Cr (control). By the end of the $4^{th}$ week, all rats were decapitated, blood collected, and serum glucose, insulin and lipid concentrations were determined. The CrMet and $CrCl_3$ supplementation did not affect weight gain and feed efficiency ratio. However, feed intake was significantly higher in CrMet groups than control (p < 0.05). CrMet-supplemented rats had markedly increased insulin levels (p < 0.05) compared with controls. Serum lipids were not significantly different between the control and the CrMet groups. $CrCl_3$ supplementation decreased total cholesterol and triglyceride, but the decreases were only significant for the control group. $CrCl_3$ supplementation was associated with significant decreases in total cholesterol compared with CrMet supplementation. These results indicate that CrMet supplementation is effective for increasing serum insulin, and $CrCl_32$ may improve lipid concentrations, because we observed decreased serum total cholesterol and an improved total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio (THR).

가축사료로서 유실류의 적정 가공 방법

오상집 ( Sang Jip Ohh ) 한국영양사료학회 1995 제6회 사료가공 단기과정 Vol.- No.-

사료가공기계 및 시설 - 수열 가공시설을 중심으로 -

오상집 ( Sang Jip Ohh ) 한국영양사료학회 1993 제5회 사료가공 단기과정 Vol.- No.-

실험경매법을 이용한 동물복지형 달걀에 대한 수용성 분석

오상집 ( Sang Jip Ohh ),정윤필 ( Yun Pil Jung ),이준엽 ( Jun Yeob Lee ),이종인 ( Jong In Lee ) 한국축산경영학회 2012 농업경영정책연구 Vol.39 No.4

The purposes of this study are to analysis the consumer`s WTA and WTP for egg produced by animal welfare in Korea. Data were collected by two times of experimental auctions and questionnaire for housewives and university students in Chuncheon. In the result of the first experiment, average WTP for the animal welfare egg was estimated as 91% higher than the usual egg price that was suggested in the experiment. And average WTA for the egg was estimated as 41% higher than the usual egg price. In the second experiment, the average WTP for the animal welfare egg was estimated as 205%~199% higher than the usual egg price. And average WTA for the animal welfare egg was estimated as 197%~87% higher than the usual egg price. The results of the TOBIT analysis were as follow. In the first experiment, birth year in WTP, and birth year and monthly income were statistically significant. The results of the second experiment were as follow. In the experiment for studdents, genger, birth year, and residental area in WTP, and sex, birth year, residentail are, and monthly income in WTA were statistically significant. In the experiment for housewives, birth year in WTP, and birth year, marital status, family member in WTA were statistically significant.