Formulation development and in vivo hepatoprotective activity of self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of antioxidant coenzyme Q10

Anuj G. Agrawal,Ashok Kumar,Paraag S. Gide 대한약학회 2021 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.44 No.9

Coenzyme Q10 (CQ10) is known as an endogenouscellular antioxidant, naturally found in every cell ofthe human body and plays an important role in maintaininghuman health. It is widely used as a nutritional supplementand pharmaceutical drug for various disorders like diabetesmellitus, carcinomas, neurodegenerative disorders etc. However, CQ10 is practically insoluble even in the presenceof 5 % sodium lauryl sulfate in water and poorlyabsorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The presentresearch is aimed to formulate and evaluate self nanoemulsifyingdrug delivery system (SNEDDS) of CQ10primarily to improve its aqueous solubility, dissolutionvelocity as well as hepatoprotective activity and thusenhancing its nutraceutical and pharmaceutical values. Robustness to dilution, thermodynamic stability study,droplet size analysis and drug release were adopted tooptimize liquid SNEDDS. Droplet size of the SNEDDSwas found to be size less than 200 nm and appeared roundin shape without aggregation under transmission electronmicroscopy examination. Liquid SNEDDS were adsorbedon porous carrier to get solid SNEDDS (S-SNEDDS). S-SNEDDS gave rapid ([90 %) drug release within30 min while pure drug was not practically dissolvedwithin 1 h. In vivo hepatoprotective activity showed thatS-SNEDDS achieved the most liver protection as comparedto the pure drug. Further S-SNEDDS was successfullyconverted to self nanoemulsifying mouth dissolving tablet. The enhanced solubility, dissolution velocity as well ashepatoprotective activity of CQ10, unravels the potential ofS-SNEDDS as suitable carrier for enhancing nutraceuticaland pharmaceutical values of CQ10.

Existence of Partially Degenerate Electrical Transport in Intermetallic Cu2SnSe3 Thermoelectric System Sintered at Different Temperatures

K. Gurukrishna,H. R. Nikhita,S. M. Mallikarjuna Swamy,Ashok Rao 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.8

A detailed investigation on the temperature dependent electrical properties of Cu2SnSe3system, synthesized via conventionalsolid-state reaction at different sintering temperatures are presented in this communication. All the samples exhibit degeneratesemiconducting nature at low temperatures. The existence of small polarons and hence electron–phonon interactionsare confirmed at temperatures below 400 K. A transition was observed from degenerate to non-degenerate semiconductingbehaviour at high temperatures (T > 400 K). The study confirms the unusual transition in electrical resistivity as well asthermopower at high temperatures in all the compounds, demonstrating the existence of minority carrier excitation alongwith temperature-triggered ionisation of the defects. The transport behaviour is further supported by an upward movementof Fermi level away from the valence band. Highest weighted mobility of 8.2 cm2V−1 s−1 at 673 K was obtained for thesample sintered at 1073 K. A considerable decrease in electrical resistivity with increase in temperature (T > 400 K) hasdriven the power factor to increase exponentially, thereby achieving highest value of 188 μV/mK2 (at 673 K) for the samplesintered at 673 K.

Fault test analysis in transmission lines throughout interfering synchrophasor signals

S. Ashok Kumar,D. Chandramohan 한국통신학회 2019 ICT Express Vol.5 No.4

The distribution of power supplies be obliged to offer reliable, superior-quality in power. To obtain good power quality the transmission line faults identification should bemore precise, consistence and complete rectification is required. The faults in the transmission and distribution lines influence the power quality. The major faults in transmission lines such as line to ground fault, line-to-line fault and three-phase faults. This paper proposes a unique organized interrelated structure for fault-location and classification technique for transmission lines through an experimental set-up similar to transmission and distribution for good power quality. The proposed method utilizes synchrophasor measurements during the disturbances from the transmission lines and compares with idealcondition signals for fault location and classification. From the results, the synchrophasor measurements identifies faults in the initial stage. The phasor measurement results are modelled through regression modelling for precise measurement. Various faults are modelled for the earlier detection in the transmission lines.

Fuzzy logic based yaw stability control for active front steering of a vehicle

S. Krishna,S. Narayanan,S. Denis Ashok 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.12

Yaw stability control is an important consideration for improving the stability and handling behavior of a vehicle during extreme steeringmaneuvers. This paper proposes a fuzzy logic based yaw stability controller for an active front steering of a four-wheeled road vehicleby using steer-by-wire system. The proposed control system takes the yaw rate error, the steering angle given by the driver and thevehicle body side slip angle as inputs, for calculating the additional steering angle as output for stabilizing the yaw moment of the vehicle. A three degrees-of-freedom vehicle model is considered. Performance of the proposed system is simulated for sinusoidal, step maneuverusing Matlab/Simulink tool, and the results are compared with the existing fuzzy control system which uses two inputs such steeringangle and yaw rate. The simulation results show better performance of the proposed fuzzy based yaw controller as compared with theexisting control system.

The Outcome and Complications of the Locked Plating Management for the Periprosthetic Distal Femur Fractures after a Total Knee Arthroplasty

Ashok S Gavaskar,Naveen Chowdary Tummala,Muthukumar Subramanian 대한정형외과학회 2013 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.5 No.2

Background: The osteosynthesis of the periprosthetic fractures following a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can be technically difficult with the relatively small satisfactory outcomes and the high complication rates. The purpose of the study is to analyze the mid-term radiological and functional outcomes following the locked plating of the distal femur periprosthetic fractures after a TKA. Methods: Records of 20 patients with a periprosthetic distal femur fracture following TKA treated by the locked plate osteosynthesis were retrospectively evaluated. The union rate, complications and functional outcome measures were analyzed. Results: Successful union was achieved in 18 of the 19 patients available for the follow-up. The mean follow-up was 39 ± 10 months. Significant reductions (p < 0.05) in the range of motion and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scores were evident in the follow-up. Secondary procedures were required in 5 patients to address the delay in union and the reduced knee range of motion. The osteosynthesis failed in 1 patient who underwent a revision TKA. Conclusions: The satisfactory union rates can be achieved with the locked plate osteosynthesis in the periprosthetic distal femur fractures after TKA. Prolonged rehabilitation coupled with the un-modifiable risk factors can decrease the activity and satisfaction levels, which can significantly alter the functional outcome.

Effect of Oxidative Stress on Male Reproduction

Ashok Agarwal,Gurpriya Virk,Chloe Ong,Stefan S du Plessis 대한남성과학회 2014 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.32 No.1

Infertility affects approximately 15% of couples trying to conceive, and a male factor contributes to roughly half of these cases. Oxidative stress (OS) has been identified as one of the many mediators of male infertility by causing sperm dysfunction. OS is a state related to increased cellular damage triggered by oxygen and oxygen-derived free radicals known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). During this process, augmented production of ROS overwhelms the body’s antioxidant defenses. While small amounts of ROS are required for normal sperm functioning, disproportionate levels can negatively impact the quality of spermatozoa and impair their overall fertilizing capacity. OS has been identified as an area of great attention because ROS and their metabolites can attack DNA, lipids, and proteins; alter enzymatic systems; produce irreparable alterations; cause cell death; and ultimately, lead to a decline in the semen parameters associated with male infertility. This review highlights the mechanisms of ROS production, the physiological and pathophysiological roles of ROS in relation to the male reproductive system, and recent advances in diagnostic methods; it also explores the benefits of using antioxidants in a clinical setting.

Design of Octagonal CPW-Fed Broadband Millimeter Wave Antenna for 5G Applications

S. Ashok Kumar,T. Shanmuganantham,D. Sindhaniselvi,A. L. Sharon Giftsy 한국전기전자재료학회 2023 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.24 No.2

A CPW-fed antenna is designed with octagonal shaped patch operating at a broadband millimeter-wave frequency from 24.8 to 48.8 GHz for wireless 5G applications. The antenna was design with dimensions of 20 × 20 × 1.6 mm 3 are made with low cost FR4 loss free substrate with dielectric constant (ε r ) of 4.3 using the CST Microwave Studio software. Simulated radiation pattern and return loss < -10 dB is achieved at a frequency of 28 GHz, 30.78 GHz, 38 GHz, 41.64 GHz and 44.16 GHz with the gain of 5.1 dB, 6.39 dB, 6.59 dB, 7.48 dB and 7.04 dB. The voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) < 2 at (24.8–48.8) GHz which indicates that these frequencies operated by the antenna has minimum reflection.

Design of Bending Antennas for Purpose of Biomedical Applications Using Novel Approach

S. Ashok Kumar,T. Shanmuganantham 한국전기전자재료학회 2021 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.22 No.6

In this paper, design of a flexible antenna which is used in the field of biomedical applications. This technology consists of two methods mainly i.e. 1.Magnetron sputtering method, 2.Laser ablation method. Magnetron sputtering method is use to set slight copper coating upon polyimide substrate. Secondly Laser ablation method is mainly used to incise an antenna as of copper coat. The different parameters are simulated and measured practically. The outcomes of the verified results are good and have a satisfactory response. There are many advantages such as price, momentum, elasticity over lithography process frequently used for such applications.

A Pragmatic Approach of CRUD in Dynamic Composition of Web Services

Ashok Kumar P.S.,Gopal Krishna C. 한국산학기술학회 2012 SmartCR Vol.2 No.6

The Composition of semantic web services coordinates various web services into one complex service. The Ontology is Knowledge based management system. OWL (Web Ontology Language) has machine interpretability with Web contents, so OWL is highly supported by XML and RDF. OWL will provide additional vocabulary along with a formal semantics. CRUD will provide the persistent storage for all real world entities (objects) in repositories. In semantic web technology the CRUD operations are performed in the repositories to extend the search operations of specific items in the retail management system. In this paper we are confronting an approach to carry out CRUD operations in the Dynamic Composition of web services in retail management system. The Sample application in this paper is apparently based on the automatic object - ontology mapping with form generation by different party’s or suppliers. Finally this paper explains the development and privileges of CRUD operations in dynamic Composition of web services that to in retail management system.

Downscaling Seasonal Prediction for East Asia : Status, Prospectus, and Challenges

S. S. Sabade,K. Ashok,D. Nohara,V. Kryjov,Y. Yoshida,W.-J. Lee 한국기상학회 2009 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.10