Comparative Approach To Skin Barrier Repair Strategies For Atopic Dermatitis

( Rosanna Marsella ) 한국피부장벽학회 2016 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Skin barrier impairment plays an important role in many skin diseases across species. In terms of inflammatory skin diseases, atopic dermatitis (AD) is the classic example of the role of skin barrier impairment and its role on allergen sensitization and severity of clinical signs. Skin barrier dysfunction may be primary or secondary to inflammation and in many clinical cases both mechanisms play a role. The negative effect of T helper 2 cytokines on skin barrier integrity is well known¹. Cutaneous inflammation predisposes to sensitization, even to weak allergens² thus it becomes a clear risk factor to aggravate dermatitis and in humans, to lead to the progression of the atopic march. Skin barrier dysfunction is crucial in AD in animals too. Evidence exists in dogs with AD that skin barrier dysfunction exists although it is not known whether it is primary or secondary³. In dogs this has been demonstrated with measurements of function such as increased Transepidermal Water Loss⁴, decreased ceramide contents⁵, and ultrastructurally^6,7. Atopic dogs show alteration of lipid lamellae and retained lamellar bodies in corneocytes, possibly due to a defect of extrusion that may be responsible, at least in part, for the decreased ceramides. In dogs too it is known that skin barrier damage facilitates allergen sensitization in experimental models⁸ and may play a role in naturally occurring disease as well. One pilot study showed that similar ultrastructural abnormalities are also present in atopic horses⁹ highlighting the concept that skin barrier defects in AD occur across species. Thus skin barrier repair is considered a main strategy for the management of AD across species^10,11. Emollients and moisturizers have been used for decades in atopic patients. Ingredients used in skin repair include combinations of petrolatum, vegetable oils, glycerin, and urea. Large differences exist between products and efficacy depends on the type of product and frequency of application. Several clinical trials have shown the benefit of ceramide based topical therapy, in both humans and dogs^12,13,14. Several ceramide based formulations have shown positive effect both on skin barrier and severity of clinical signs in dogs, Lipid alterations may be restored with topical application of sphingolipids leading to correction of some of the ultrastructural abnormalities seen in atopic dogs. Preliminary studies have shown that topical application and systemic administration of fatty acids also improve lipid deficiencies in the skin of atopic dogs^15,16. Great interest exists in the development and testing of synthetic pseudoceramides as moisturizers rather using natural ceramides to avoid potential unwanted effects and to decrease cost. It is proposed that the main effect of these compounds is restoration of skin barrier and replenishment of lipids although there is preliminary evidence that it may also have anti-inflammatory effects. Disease remission in humans is paralleled with improved skin barrier both with calcineurin inhibitors and glucocorticoids. In veterinary medicine, a preliminary study on cyclosporine and prednisone failed to detect significant improvement of water loss while successful immunotherapy correlated with improved skin barrier. Controlled, large studies are needed to address the question of which skin repair approach is clinically most effective and whether this can be used as a preventative strategy.

Extravascular lung water index, pulmonary vascular permeability index, and global end-diastolic volume index in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients requiring prone position ventilation: a preliminary retrospective study

De Rosa Rosanna Carmela,Romanelli Antonio,Gallifuoco Michele,Messina Giovanni,Di Costanzo Marianne,Corcione Antonio 대한중환자의학회 2022 Acute and Critical Care Vol.37 No.4

Background: There is a lack of data on extravascular lung water index (EVLWi), pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPi), and global end-diastolic volume index (GEDVi) during prone position ventilation (PPV) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. The objectives of this study were to analyze trends in EVLWi, PVPi, and GEDVi during PPV and the relationships between these parameters and PaO2/FiO2.Methods: In this preliminary retrospective observational study, we performed transpulmonary thermodilution (TPTD) in seven mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients without cardiac and pulmonary comorbidities requiring PPV for 18 hours, at specific times (30 minutes pre-PPV, 18 hours after PPV, and 3 hours after supination). EVLWi, PVPi and GEDVi were measured. The relationships between PaO2/FiO2 and EVLWi, and PVPi and GEDVi values, in the supine position were analyzed by linear regression. Correlation and determination coefficients were calculated.Results: EVLWi was significantly different between three time points (analysis of variance, P=0.004). After 18 hours in PPV, EVLWi was lower compared with values before PPV (12.70.9 ml kg–1 vs. 15.31.5 ml kg–1, P=0.002). Linear regression showed that only EVLWi was correlated with PaO2/FiO2 (β =–5.757; 95% confidence interval, –10.835 to –0.679; r=–0.58; R2=0.34; F-test P=0.029).Conclusions: EVLWi was significantly reduced after 18 hours in PPV and values measured in supine positions were correlated with PaO2/FiO2. This relationship can help clinicians discriminate whether deterioration in gas exchange is related to fluid overload or disease progression. Further clinical research should evaluate the role of TPTD parameters as markers to stratify disease severity and guide clinical management.

생생한 묘사의 설득효과 : 상호의존적 자아개념지닌 표본을 이용한 재현 연구

Guadagno,Rosanna. E,Eaton,Ashlee. N,안도현 한국언론학회 2011 한국언론학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2011 No.5-2

Evaluating Total Carbon Stocks using Satellite Images in a Subtropical Wetland: the Everglades,Florida, US

Jongsung Kim,Sabine Grunwald,Rosanna G. Rivero 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Assessment of Masks Used by Healthcare Workers: Development and Validation of a Mask Qualitative Assessment Tool (MQAT)

Gharibi, Vahid,Cousins, Rosanna,Mokarami, Hamidreza,Jahangiri, Mehdi,Keshavarz, Mohammad A.,Shirmohammadi-Bahadoran, Mohammad M. Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2022 Safety and health at work Vol.13 No.3

Background: Respiratory masks can provide healthcare workers with protection from biological hazards when they have good performance. There is a direct relationship between the visual specifications of a mask and its efficacy; thus, the aim of this study was to develop tools for qualitative assessment of the performance of masks used by healthcare workers. Methods: A mixed-methods design was used to develop a qualitative assessment tool for medical face masks (MFM) and particle filtering half masks (PFHM). The development of domains and items was undertaken using observation and interviews, the opinions of an expert panel, and a review of texts and international standards. The second phase evaluated the psychometric properties of tools. Finally, the validated Mask Qualitative Assessment Tools (MQAT) were used to assess six samples from 10 brands of the two types of masks. Results: MQAT-MFM and MQAT-PHFM shared 42 items across seven domains: "cleanliness," "design," "marking, labeling and packaging," "mask layers," "mask strap," "materials and construction," and "nose clip." MQAT-MFM included one additional item. MQAT-PHFM included another nine items associated with an eighth "Practical Performance" domain, and the valve version had another additional "Exhalation Valve" domain and six items. The evaluation indicated 80% compliance for MFM and 71% compliance for PFHM. "Marking, labeling and packaging" and "Layers" were associated with the least compliance in both types of masks and should be checked carefully for defining mask quality. Conclusion: MQAT can be used for immediate screening and initial assessment of MFM and PHFM through appearance, simple tools, and visual inspection.

In Vitro Stimulation of Murine Peritoneal Monocytes Induced by Alginates

Paolo Pasquali,Amy Zalcman,Susanna Murtas,Rosanna Adone,Gianfranco Brambilla,Franco Ciuchini,Monica Cagiola,Cinzia Marianelli 대한약학회 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.8

In this trial we assessed the effect of soluble alginates on murine cells. Mouse peritoneal monocytes were stimulated in vitro with a solution of alginate. The production of TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO), the expression of surface molecules CD80 and CD86, and the ability of monocytes to phagocyte bacteria were assessed, in order to evaluate the effect of alginate on cell functionality. We showed that mouse peritoneal monocytes stimulated with alginate produce NO and TNF-α. In addition, alginate is able also to increase their phagocytic activity and to a lesser extent also to increase the expression of CD80. Even with different degrees, it implies that alginates per se act directly on immune response, being able to effectively stimulate proinflammatory activity. These findings corroborate the idea that alginates can represent interesting adjuvants to use to increase the efficacy of antigenic stimulation.

Genotypic characterization and steviol glycoside quantification in a population of  Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni from Paraguay

Liz Bogado-Villalba,Héctor Nakayama Nakashima,Rosanna Britos,Julio Cesar Masaru Iehisa,María Eugenia Flores Giubi 한국작물학회 2021 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.24 No.2

Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni is a widely grown species in various regions of the world, mainly due to its sweetening properties attributed to steviol glycosides. Despite the fact that Paraguay is the center of origin of S. rebaudiana , genetic characterization of local genotypes has not been studied. Considering that accumulation of steviol glycosides is a complex trait, molecular breeding could be an effective method for its improvement. Therefore, the identification of molecular markers associated with steviol glycoside accumulation is important. The aim of this study was to assess the genetic relationship among eight advanced lines of S. rebaudiana and two varieties selected from local germoplasm and quantify their steviol glycoside content. The stevioside and rebaudioside A content in methanolic extract was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the molecular characterization of the ten genotypes of S. rebaudiana was performed using SSR and ISSR markers. A wide range of variability was observed for the metabolites of interest under greenhouse conditions. The variety Eirete presented highest stevioside and rebausiode A content, followed by the variety Katupyry. One of the advanced line presented both metabolite content similar to that of Katupyry. Genotyping of these lines showed two main clusters. Cluster I contained the both varieties and advanced lines with higher stevioside and rebaudioside A content. Our results suggest that S. rebaudiana lines with genetic profi le similar to that of cluster I, determined mainly by genotype at the markers SUGMS 35 and ISSR 47, might present higher stevioside and rebaudioside A content.

A Profile of Olympic Taekwondo Medalists in Four Consecutive Olympic Games (2000-2012)

( Mohsen Kazemi ),( Andrew Cardenas ),( Alan Chan ),( Rosanna Cheng ) 국제태권도학회 2015 Journal of the International Association for Taekw Vol.2 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze the variables (i.e., body mass index, percentage of points from offensive or defensive techniques, percentage of techniques used to score [i.e., kicks and punches], and amount of warnings or deductions received) that helped determine the Taekwondo medalists in the 2000-2012 Olympic Games. Data was obtained from official Olympic public domain websites. Changes in scoring systems throughout past Olympics led to all point values being converted to percentages of total points to ensure scoring was consistent. A logistic regression equation using STATA version 10.0 determined statistical significance for the chosen variables. Athletes who received more kyong-go (Korean for warning; KG) per match had a higher likelihood of obtaining a medal. Participants who obtained one additional KG over their opponent in a match had a 1.4 times higher likelihood of winning the match over a participant who did not. Our results show that Taekwondo competitors who used KG were more effective and more likely to medal in the Olympics.

In Vitro Stimulation of Murine Peritoneal Monocytes Induced by Alginates

Pasquali Paolo,Zalcman Amy,Murtas Susanna,Adone Rosanna,Brambilla Gianfranco,Marianelli Cinzia,Cagiola Monica,Ciuchini Franco The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.8

In this trial we assessed the effect of soluble alginates on murine cells. Mouse peritoneal monocytes were stimulated in vitro with a solution of alginate. The production of $TNF-\alpha$ and nitric oxide (NO), the expression of surface molecules CD80 and CD86, and the ability of monocytes to phagocyte bacteria were assessed, in order to evaluate the effect of alginate on cell functionality. We showed that mouse peritoneal monocytes stimulated with alginate produce NO and $TNF-\alpha$. In addition, alginate is able also to increase their phagocytic activity and to a lesser extent also to increase the expression of CD80. Even with different degrees, it implies that alginates per se act directly on immune response, being able to effectively stimulate proinflammatory activity. These findings corroborate the idea that alginates can represent interesting adjuvants to use to increase the efficacy of antigenic stimulation.

Zircon U-Pb geochronology, Hf isotopes and geochemistry of intrusive rocks in the Simorgh prospecting area, Lut Block, eastern Iran: petrogenesis and geological implications

Reza Borabadi,Seyed Ahmad Mazaheri,Mohammad Hassan Karimpour,Sebastien Meffre,Jay Thompson,Rosanna Clare Murphy,Azam Entezariharsini 한국지질과학협의회 2018 Geosciences Journal Vol.22 No.5

The Simorgh prospecting area is located in the central part of the Lut Block in eastern Iran. The Lut Block, the eastern part of the Central Iranian Microcontinent (CIM), has a complex tectonic evolution and is characterized by extensive magmatic activities with a range of geochemical signatures. The Simorgh intrusions have features typical of calc-alkaline to high-K calc-alkaline rocks, metaluminous to slightly peraluminous and formed in a volcanic arc setting. Mineralization in the area is believed to be related to these intrusions. To better understand the petrogenesis of these intrusions, we report zircon U-Pb dating and Hf isotopes and whole rock geochemistry of two granites and one diorite. Age dating using Zircon U-Pb method on pyroxene diorite porphyry stock and two granite porphyry dikes revealed 24.85 ± 0.51 Ma, 25.37 ± 0.56 Ma and 25.94 ± 0.76 Ma ages respectively (late Oligocene, Chattian). Field observations and U-Pb dating indicate that there are at least two stages of emplacement: pre-mineralization intrusions (diorite porphyry) and syn-mineralization intrusions (granite porphyry, granodiorite porphyry and pyroxene diorite porphyry). Mantle-normalized, trace-element spider diagrams display enrichment in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and light rare earth elements ((La/Yb)N = 9.26–14.48), and depletion in high field strength elements (HFSE) and heavy rare earth elements, as well as negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.49–0.91). Zircon Hf isotope data from the Simorgh intrusive rocks show largely positive εHf(t) (average = 3.6 ± 2.0). Hf model ages are ranging from 720 to 1320 Ma, indicating its derivation from a relatively juvenile source. The presence of zircon xenocrysts may prove its contamination by older continental crust (Siderian).