Range Free Localization Techniques for Randomly Deployed WSN-A Survey

Ravneet Kaur,Jyoteesh Malhotra 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.8 No.6

Recent advancements in MEMSs technology, VLSI and wireless private area networks have contributed in developing enormous interest in wireless sensor networks by both academia and research community. WSN is formed by large number of small, cheap and low energy sensors that work together in monitoring region. These sensors sense, collect and forward data within the network through wireless medium. WSN find its application in many areas such as object tracking, disaster relief and smart environments etc. Most of these applications need location awareness of sensor nodes to estimate the place of origin of events. The task of determining physical coordinates of sensor nodes within the network is known as localization. Localization has always remained a challenge in successful implementation of WSN and so, it is a hotspot of research. Localization techniques are broadly categorized as Range based techniques and Range-free techniques based on their dependency on range measurements. Because of constraints on cost, energy, computation complexity and infrastructure requirements, range free localization techniques are given importance in recent research works. Considering the latest trends in localization, a thorough analysis for major range free techniques is done in this paper and accordingly their pros and cons are highlighted. As the existing range free techniques are not fully efficient so, open issues are also raised to give directions to future research.

An integrated review on new targets in the treatment of neuropathic pain

Ravneet Kaur Khangura,Jasmine Sharma,Anjana Bali,Nirmal Singh,Amteshwar Singh Jaggi 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.23 No.1

Efficient Localization in WSN Based on Structured Deployment of Anchor Nodes in DV-HOP

Ravneet Kaur,Jyoteesh Malhotra 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.9 No.3

Recent advancements in MEMSs technology, VLSI and Wireless Private Area Networks have contributed in developing enormous interest in wireless sensor networks by both academia and research community.WSN is formed by large number of small, cheap and low energy sensors that work together in monitoring regions. WSN find its application in many areas such as object tracking, disaster relief and smart environments. Most of these applications need location awareness of sensor nodes to estimate the origin of events. Localization has remained a challenge in successful implementation of WSN and so, it is a hotspot of research. Range free localization techniques are given lot of importance in recent research works because they suit well for low cost, low energy and less infrastructure requirements of WSN and also involve lesser computation complexity. DV-HOP is one of the range free techniques that have attracted researchers’ interest. In this paper, DV-HOP algorithm is implemented by deploying anchor nodes in a structured way at various radio ranges. Structured deployment of anchors give more accurate location estimates than random deployment that was followed in basic DV-HOP, which has been demonstrated in a detailed manner by the simulation results.

Comparitive Analysis of DV-hop and APIT Localization Techniques in WSN

Ravneet Kaur,Jyoteesh Malhotra 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.9 No.8

New advancements in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) make it a significant technology in research and academic community. Because of its ad-hoc and minimum infrastructure nature, it has gained lot of attention by researchers in past few years. In WSN, sensor nodes are small sized with limited energy processors which have most important task in WSN. They gather data, process it and further send it to the destination. In many applications like rescue operations, military tracking, environment monitoring etc. it is required that location of sensors must be known else the information collected gets no meaning. So, many localization algorithms are introduced in WSN which meet the resource, hardware, cost and energy constraints of WSN. Range free localization techniques are best suited for these requirements of network. DV-HOP and APIT range free techniques have gained attention in most of research efforts. So,in this paper ,performance of these techniques is evaluated on the basis of accuracy obtained while implementeing them in WSN . Detail analysis of localization error is done by considering different network parameters effecting it directly. Further structured deployment of anchors is proposed that gave more reliable results.

Performance Evaluation of Routing Protocols in VANET

Ravneet Kaur,Haramandar Kaur 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.8 No.6

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are rapidly emerging networks that are a particularly challenging subset of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). Open medium is one of the main features of VANET due to which it often suffers from security attacks and changing its topology dynamically, lack of management and central monitoring, and there is no clear defence mechanism. In this paper, we investigated the impact of Black Hole attack, Worm-Hole attack and Sybil attack on network performance towards VANET environment. We have also analysed which routing protocol is more vulnerable to the different attacks mentioned earlier in VANET. We have also determined that AODV is the most vulnerable routing protocol to attacks in VANET compared to OLSR routing protocol.

An integrated review on new targets in the treatment of neuropathic pain

Khangura, Ravneet Kaur,Sharma, Jasmine,Bali, Anjana,Singh, Nirmal,Jaggi, Amteshwar Singh The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2019 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.23 No.1

Neuropathic pain is a complex chronic pain state caused by the dysfunction of somatosensory nervous system, and it affects the millions of people worldwide. At present, there are very few medical treatments available for neuropathic pain management and the intolerable side effects of medications may further worsen the symptoms. Despite the presence of profound knowledge that delineates the pathophysiology and mechanisms leading to neuropathic pain, the unmet clinical needs demand more research in this field that would ultimately assist to ameliorate the pain conditions. Efforts are being made globally to explore and understand the basic molecular mechanisms responsible for somatosensory dysfunction in preclinical pain models. The present review highlights some of the novel molecular targets like D-amino acid oxidase, endoplasmic reticulum stress receptors, sigma receptors, hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channels, histone deacetylase, $Wnt/{\beta}-catenin$ and Wnt/Ryk, ephrins and Eph receptor tyrosine kinase, Cdh-1 and mitochondrial ATPase that are implicated in the induction of neuropathic pain. Studies conducted on the different animal models and observed results have been summarized with an aim to facilitate the efforts made in the drug discovery. The diligent analysis and exploitation of these targets may help in the identification of some promising therapies that can better manage neuropathic pain and improve the health of patients.

Optimized Adaptive Fuzzy based Image Enhancement Techniques

Taranbir Kaur,Ravneet Kaur Sidhu 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.1

Image enhancement plays an important role in vision applications. Recently much work is performed in the field of images enhancement. Many techniques have already been proposed up to now for enhancing the digital images. The overall objective of this proposed work is to evaluate the performance of existing image enhancement techniques like Histogram equalization, adaptive histogram equalization and Fuzzy image enhancement technique. It has been found that the value of contrast parameter ‘K’ in fuzzy method was taken statically as 128. To overcome this, to make contrast dynamic a new optimized fuzzy method have been proposed. Here different optimization techniques ACO, PSO and ABC have been used to optimize the contrast and the technique with best optimized contrast value is selected. The newest approach has the ability to boost the contrast in digital images in efficient manner by utilizing the histogram based fuzzy image enhancement algorithm with optimized Contrast value. The proposed technique is designed and implemented in MATLAB using image processing toolbox.

Survey : Radio over Fiber and Wireless Broadband Access Technologies

Er. Ravneet kaur,Er. Harmandar kaur 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.3

This paper presents a survey on Radio over fiber for Wireless Broadband Access technology like WiMAX (Fixed and Mobile). Radio over Fiber has achieved an effective delivery of wireless and baseband signal, and has also reduces the power consumption. Whereas recent fast growing broadband access technology through wireless is WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access). In this survey, the Radio over fiber implements into wireless broadband access technologies like WiMAX. And also we will be carried out different keying and technical concept from the different methodology.

Metal Insulator Gate Geometric HEMT: Novel Attributes and Design Consideration for High Speed Analog Applications

Ritesh Gupta,Ravneet Kaur,Sandeep Kr Aggarwal,Mridula Gupta,R. S. Gupta 대한전자공학회 2010 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.10 No.1

Improvement in breakdown voltage (BVds) and speed of the device are the key issues among the researchers for enhancing the performance of HEMT. Increased speed of the device aspires for shortened gate length (Lg), but due to lithographic limitation, shortening Lg below sub-micrometer requires the inclusion of various metal-insulator geometries like T-gate on to the conventional architecture. It has been observed that the speed of the device can be enhanced by minimizing the effect of upper gate electrode on device characteristics, whereas increase in the BVds of the device can be achieved by considering the finite effect of the upper gate electrode. Further, improvement in BVds can be obtained by applying field plates, especially at the drain side. The important parameters affecting BVds and cut-off frequency (fT) of the device are the length, thickness, position and shape of metal-insulator geometry. In this context, intensive simulation work with analytical analysis has been carried out to study the effect of variation in length, thickness and position of the insulator under the gate for various metal-insulator gate geometries like T-gate, Γ-gate, Step-gate etc., to anticipate superior device performance in conventional HEMT structure.

Association of endoscopic and histological remission with clinical course in patients of ulcerative colitis

Vikram Narang,Ravneet Kaur,Bhavna Garg,Ramit Mahajan,Vandana Midha,Neena Sood,Ajit Sood 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.1

Background/Aims: The therapeutic goal for treating ulcerative colitis (UC) patients has shifted to achieving mucosal healingover the past few years. However, at present, limited data is available on the correlation between endoscopic findings andhistological remission in patients with endoscopic mucosal healing. Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted over a period of 18 months (January 2014 to June 2015) at Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab,India. Patients diagnosed with UC who had been in clinical remission (n=76) for at least 6 months were evaluated for endoscopicremission. Those in endoscopic remission (Mayo score ≤1; 46/76, 60.5%) were subjected to multiple biopsies from therectosigmoid region and histological remission, which was then defined as grade 0/1 as per the Geboes criteria. Results: Of the46 patients in endoscopic remission (age, 18−73 years; male:female=1.5:1.0), majority had E1 (proctitis) disease (21/46, 45.6%)followed by E2 (left sided colitis) (18/46, 39.1%) and E3 disease (pancolitis) (7/46, 15.2%) at baseline. Histological remissionwas noted in 67.3% (31/46) of the patients, while 32.7% (15/46) still retained the histologically active disease in the form of infiltration of the lamina propria by eosinophils and neutrophils (13/15, 86.6%), cryptitis (14/15, 93.3%), and crypt abscesses (8/15,53.3%). On follow-up, after 1 year, 87.1% (27/31) of the patients who had been in histological remission remained clinically asymptomatic, while 12.9% (4/31) had relapsed. Among the 15 histologically active patients, 46.6% (7/15) remained in clinicalremission, while 53.3% (8/15) had relapsed. Conclusions: Histological remission, rather than endoscopic remission, predictsa sustained clinical remission and allows monitoring of therapy for the subsequent disease course in patients with UC.