A social relationship-based energy efficient routing scheme for Opportunistic Internet of Things

Rani,Amita Malik 한국통신학회 2023 ICT Express Vol.9 No.4

Opportunistic Internet of Things (OppIoT) combines Opportunistic Networks and the Internet of Things to provide opportunistic communication between IoT devices and human-created communities in order to improve network connectivity, reliability, and longevity. This is significant because it introduces a new approach to connect and communicate smart devices in situations where there is no end-to-end connectivity. Due to the non-stable existence of connectivity between nodes, building a scalable, flexible, interoperable, and energy efficient routing protocol is a difficult issue. This study presents a new routing protocol for the Opportunistic Internet of Things called Social relationship based Energy Efficient Routing (SEER), which bases routing decisions on the forwarding feasibility degree, residual energy, and buffer capacity of nodes. SEER surpasses EBR and EDR in terms of delivery probability, hop count, and overhead ratio, according to simulation results utilizing the Opportunistic Network Environment (The ONE) simulator.

ID- Based Authentication for WiMAX

Pushpi Rani1,Brijesh Kumar Chaurasia,Geetam Singh Tomar 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.9 No.2

WiMAX is broadband wireless system being used for long range wireless networking, which makes this system vulnerable to security breaches. In this paperwe present authentication scheme using ID-based signature scheme for WiMAX, which offers a certificate-less public key verification. The proposed scheme has also increased message processing throughput as it has used elliptic curve cryptosystem, sigencryption and identity based cryptography.

Excess molar enthalpies of binary mixtures of formamide with butanol at 298.15 K: Application of Prigogine–Flory–Patterson theory and Treszczanowicz–Benson association model

Manju Rani,Sanjeev Maken,Shalu Agarwal,Priyanka Lahot 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.5

Excess molar enthalpies (HEm ) of formamide (1) + 1-butanol or 2-methyl-1-propanol or 2-methyl-2-propanol (2) mixtures have been measured at 298.15 K over the entire composition range using flow micro calorimeter. The excess enthalpy data along with previously published excess volumes data (VEm )(M. Rani, S. Maken, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 18 (2012) 1694) have been utilised to study the thermodynamics of molecular interactions in terms of Prigogine–Flory–Patterson theory and Treszczanowicz–Benson association model with a Flory contribution term. The Treszczanowicz–Benson model was developed for alkane + alkanol systems considering Mecke–Kempter type of association in alkanol. In this paper the Treszczanowicz–Benson association model was applied, for the first time, to binary mixtures containing both components associated (butanol and formamide) through hydrogen bonding. In both the cases,when either of formamide or butanol was assumed to be associated, the calculated HEm and VEm values compared reasonably well with the corresponding experimental data, but the agreement is not very impressive for excess enthalpy in formamide + 2-methyl-2-propanol mixtures. Extent of inter-molecular H-bonding in formamide and butanols in their binary mixtures was also reflected in their molar enthalpy of association of H-bonding Dh0H.

Graphene Oxide-Oxynitride Hybrid Nanoscrolls for Supercapacitor Electrodes with Enhanced Specific Capacitance

Rani, J. R.,Oh, Se-I,Woo, Jeong Min,Jang, Jae-Hyung The Electrochemical Society 2016 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.163 No.5

<P>Graphene oxide-oxynitride hybrid nanoscrolls (GOXNs) were synthesized by embedding oxynitride molecules onto the graphene oxide (GO) sheets through a simple solution-based reduction of GO. The synthesized GOXNs exhibit good structural stability and high specific capacitance when they are used as supercapacitor electrodes. All the films were prepared via spin coating, and the post deposition annealing of the films transformed GO sheets into nanoscrolls. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses of the hybrid film reveal that GO sheets are transformed to nanoscrolls by C-N bonding and various nitrogen based functional groups are attached to the GO sheets. The electrochemical performance of GOXNs is much better than that of pristine GO. The high specific capacitance and energy density of 260 F/g and 36.2 Wh/kg, respectively, were exhibited by GOXNs, whereas the pristine GO exhibited specific capacitance and energy density of 215 F/g and 29.86 Wh/kg, respectively, at a current density of 2 A/g. The GOXNs show good cyclic stability for more than 2000 cycles at a current density of 5 A/g. The observed high specific capacitance of GOXNs is due to the pseudo-capacitive contribution of the nitrogen functional groups along with quinone oxygen (residual oxygen functional groups) that accelerates the faradaic reactions and facilitates faster wetting. The results suggest that GOXNs are a promising electrode material for supercapacitors and batteries. (C) 2016 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.</P>

Detection and Diversity of the Nitrite Oxidoreductase Alpha Subunit (nxrA) Gene of Nitrospina in Marine Sediments

Rani, S.,Koh, H. W.,Rhee, S. K.,Fujitani, H.,Park, S. J. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Microbial ecology Vol.73 No.1

<P>Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) are chemolithoautotrophs that catalyze the oxidation of nitrite to nitrate, which is the second step of aerobic nitrification. In marine ecosystems, Nitrospina is assumed to be a major contributor to nitrification. To date, two strains of Nitrospina have been isolated from marine environments. Despite their ecological relevance, their ecophysiology and environmental distribution are understudied owing to fastidious cultivation techniques and the lack of a sufficient functional gene marker. To estimate the abundance, diversity, and distribution of Nitrospina in various marine sediments, we used nxrA, which encodes the alpha subunit of nitrite oxidoreductase, as a functional and phylogenetic marker. We observed that Nitrospina diversity in polar sediments was significantly lower than that of non-polar samples. Moreover, nxrA-like sequences revealed an unexpected diversity of Nitrospina, with approximately 41,000 different sequences based on a 95% similarity cutoff from six marine sediments. We detected nxrA gene copy numbers of up to 3.57 x 10(4) per gram of marine sediment sample. The results of this study provide insight into the distribution and diversity of Nitrospina, which is fundamentally important for understanding their contribution to the nitrogen cycle in marine sediments.</P>

Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Graphene Multilayers as Pt-Free Alternative Counter Electrodes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Rani, Adila,Chung, Kyungwha,Kwon, Jeong,Kim, Sung June,Jang, Yoon Hee,Jang, Yu Jin,Quan, Li Na,Yoon, Minji,Park, Jong Hyeok,Kim, Dong Ha American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.18

<P>Low cost, charged, and large scale graphene multilayers fabricated from nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide N-rGO(+), nitrogen and sulfur codoped reduced graphene oxide NS-rGO(+), and undoped reduced graphene oxide rGO(-) were applied as alternative counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The neat rGO-based counter electrodes were developed via two types of layer-by layer (LBL) self-assembly (SA) methods: spin coating and spray coating methods. In the spin coating method, two sets of multilayer films were fabricated on poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA)-coated fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates using GO(-) combined with N-GO(+) followed by annealing and denoted as [rGO(-)/N-rGO(+)](n) or with NS-GO(+) and denoted as [rGO(-)/NS-rGO(+)](n) for counter electrodes in DSSCs. The DSSCs employing new types of counter electrodes exhibited similar to 7.0% and similar to 6.2% power conversion efficiency (PCE) based on ten bilayers of [rGO(-)/N-rGO(+)](10) and [rGO(-)/NS-rGO(+)](10), respectively. The DSSCs equipped with a blend of one bilayer of [rGO(-):N-rGO(+)] and [rGO(-):NS-rGO(+)] on PDDA-coated FTO substrates were prepared from a spray coating and showed similar to 6.4% and similar to 5.6% PCE, respectively. Thus, it was demonstrated that a combination of undoped, nitrogen-doped, and nitrogen and sulfur codoped reduced graphene oxides can be considered as potentially powerful Pt-free electrocatalysts and alternative electrodes in conventional photovoltaic devices.</P>

Graphene Oxide–Phosphor Hybrid Nanoscrolls with High Luminescent Quantum Yield: Synthesis, Structural, and X-ray Absorption Studies

Rani, Janardhanan R.,Oh, Se-I,Woo, Jeong Min,Tarwal, Nilesh L.,Kim, Hyun-Woong,Mun, Bongjin Simon,Lee, Sungbae,Kim, Ki-Jeong,Jang, Jae-Hyung American Chemical Society 2015 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.7 No.10

<P>Highly luminescent graphene oxide (GO)-phosphor hybrid thin films with a maximum quantum yield of 9.6% were synthesized Via a simple chemical method. An intense luminescence emission peak at 537 nm and a broad emission peak at 400 nm were observed from the GO-phosphor hybrid films. The maximum quantum yield of the emissions from the hybrid films was found to be 9.6%, which is 48 times higher than that of pristine GO films. The GO-phosphor hybrids were prepared via spin-coating and subsequent postannealing of the films, resulting in scrolling of the GO sheets. The resulting GO nanoscrolls exhibited a length of similar to 2 mu m with nanoscale interior cavities. Transmission electron microscopy and selected-area electron diffraction analyses revealed that the lattice structure of the tubular scrolls is similar to that of carbon nanotubes. While pristine GO films are p-type, in the GO-phosphor hybrids, the Fermi level shifted upward and fell between the HOMO-LUMO gap due to phosphor attachment via C-N bonding. The highly luminescent GO-phosphor hybrids will find important applications in graphene-based optoelectronic devices.</P>

Behavioural Determinants for Obesity: A Cross-sectional Study Among Urban Adolescents in India

Rani, M. Anitha,Sathiyasekaran, B.W.C. The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2013 예방의학회지 Vol.46 No.4

Objectives: To measure the prevalence of behavioural risk factors for obesity among urban adolescent school children in Chennai, India. Methods: This study was performed as a cross-sectional study using a World Health Organization-designed Global School-based Student Health Survey questionnaire (modified for India) among adolescent school children studying in 30 randomly selected secondary and higher secondary schools in Chennai city. 1842 adolescents studying in the VIII to XII standards were randomly selected for the study. Results: In the present study, 40.7% of the students ate fruit one or more times per day and 74.5% of the students ate vegetables one or more times per day. Nearly 20% of the students ate fast food items on 4 to 7 days during the previous week. Among the students, 30.4% watched television for more than two hours per day. Nearly 68% of the girls and 22% of the boys did not participate in outdoor sports activities. When the pattern of physical activity of the students was assessed, it was observed that 15.6% were inactive, 43.4% were minimally active, and the remaining 41.0% belonged to the category of health enhancing physical activity. Among the students, 6.2% were overweight and 5.2% were obese. Conclusions: The prevalence of risk factors for obesity was quite high among the adolescents. This study also showed that a great proportion of overweight/obese adolescents had a correct perception of their body weight and they were making efforts to modify risk factors such as television viewing, computer use, a sedentary lifestyle, and unhealthy dietary habits.

Evaluation of anti-diabetic activity of glycyrrhizin-loaded nanoparticles in nicotinamide-streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Rani, Ruma,Dahiya, Shakti,Dhingra, Dinesh,Dilbaghi, Neeraj,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Kumar, Sandeep Elsevier 2017 European journal of pharmaceutical sciences Vol.106 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Glycyrrhizin is an active constituent of the roots and rhizomes of <I>Glycyrrhiza glabra</I> and has anti-hyperglycemic effects. In this study, nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with glycyrrhizin or metformin were evaluated <I>in vivo</I> for their anti-hyperglycemic potency towards type-II diabetes in rats. The NPs were produced <I>via</I> the ionotropic gelation method using the biocompatible polymers chitosan and gum arabic. The polymer concentration was optimized using the 3<SUP>2</SUP> factorial method to acquire both minimum particle size and maximum encapsulation efficiency. The NPs were then characterized with respect to particle size, encapsulation efficiency, stability, chemical interactions, and <I>in vitro</I> drug dissolution profiles using spectroscopic and microscopic analysis. Furthermore, glycyrrhizin and metformin and their nanoformulations were administered for 21 successive days to diabetic rats. Glycyrrhizin-loaded NPs had significant anti-diabetic effects even though they contained approximately one quarter of the dosage relative to the pure form.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Differential effects of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids on vascular reactivity in isolated mesenteric and femoral arteries of rats

Rany Vorn,Hae Young Yoo 대한약리학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.23 No.5

Free fatty acid (FFA) intake regulates blood pressure and vascular reactivity but its direct effect on contractility of systemic arteries is not well understood. We investigated the effects of saturated fatty acid (SFA, palmitic acid), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA, linoleic acid), and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA, oleic acid) on the contractility of isolated mesenteric (MA) and deep femoral arteries (DFA) of Sprague–Dawley rats. Isolated MA and DFA were mounted on a dual wire myograph and phenylephrine (PhE, 1–10 M) concentration-dependent contraction was obtained with or without FFAs. Incubation with 100 M of palmitic acid significantly increased PhE-induced contraction in both arteries. In MA, treatment with 100 M of linoleic acid decreased 1 M PhE-induced contraction while increasing the response to higher PhE concentrations. In DFA, linoleic acid slightly decreased PhEinduced contraction while 200 M oleic acid significantly decreased it. In MA, oleic acid reduced contraction at low PhE concentration (1 and 2 M) while increasing it at 10 M PhE. Perplexingly, depolarization by 40 mM KCl-induced contraction of MA was commonly enhanced by the three fatty acids. The 40 mM KCl-contraction of DFA was also augmented by linoleic and oleic acids while not affected by palmitic acid. SFA persistently increased alpha-adrenergic contraction of systemic arteries whereas PUFA and MUFA attenuated PhE-induced contraction of skeletal arteries. PUFA and MUFA concentration-dependent dual effects on MA suggest differential mechanisms depending on the types of arteries. Further studies are needed to elucidate underlying mechanisms of the various effects of FFA on systemic arteries.