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Ranasinghe, Dilhara,Lee, Eon S.,Zhu, Yifang,Frausto-Vicencio, Isis,Choi, Wonsik,Sun, Wu,Mara, Steve,Seibt, Ulrike,Paulson, Suzanne E. Elsevier BV 2019 Science of the Total Environment Vol.658 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Pollutants in tailpipe emissions can be highly elevated around roadways, and in early mornings the pollution plume can extend hundreds of meters into surrounding neighborhoods. Solid sound walls and vegetation barriers are commonly used to mitigate noise, but they also help mitigate near-road air pollution. Here we assess the effectiveness of barriers consisting of vegetation only and of a combination of vegetation and a solid sound wall (combination barrier) in reducing pollution concentrations downwind of roads, under stable atmospheric stability and calm to light wind conditions. Because there was no practical (no barrier) control site in the area, we primarily compare the two barrier types to each other and explore the importance of atmospheric conditions. Using measurements collected with a mobile platform, we develop concentration decay profiles of ultrafine and fine particles, oxides of nitrogen (NO and NO<SUB>2</SUB>) and carbon monoxide downwind of a freeway in California with different barrier configurations and meteorological conditions. Diurnally averaged data collected with passive samplers indicate that pollution from morning rush hour has about equal impact as the entire remainder of the day, because of differences in atmospheric dispersion as the day progresses. Under calm and stable atmospheric conditions (wind speed <0.6 m/s); a vegetation-only barrier was more effective than a combination barrier with a total height that was somewhat lower than the vegetation-only barrier, by 10–24% in the first 160 m downwind. Under light winds (above ~ 0.6 but below 3 m/s) and stable conditions, the combination barrier was more effective than the vegetation barrier alone, by 6–33%, in the first 160 m from the barrier. The average particle size downwind of the vegetation-only barrier was larger than downwind of the combination barrier, indicating that particle deposition plays an important role in the reductions observed downwind of vegetation. Our results are consistent with the notion that at low wind speeds, vegetation acts as an effective barrier. Overall, adding vegetation alone or to an existing solid barrier results in lower downwind pollution concentrations, especially under low wind speeds when concentrations can be high.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Measurements were made around two barrier types under stable conditions. </LI> <LI> At higher wind speeds, the combination barrier was better than vegetation alone. </LI> <LI> Pollution reduction from vegetation was higher at low wind speeds. </LI> <LI> Deposition of particles onto even thin stands of trees is important. </LI> <LI> Pollution from a brief morning period equaled that from the remainder of the day. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
도서관에서 큐레이션 서비스에 대한 이해: 참고서비스의 혁신인가? 진화인가?
Ranasinghe, W.M. Tharanga Dilruk,Chung, Jun Min Korean Library and Information Science Society 2019 한국도서관정보학회지 Vol.50 No.2
박물관과 미술관에서 유래된 것으로 잘 알려진 큐레이션은 오늘날 큐레이션 커머스에서 큐레이션 데이터베이스까지 다양한 다른 분야에서 널리 적용되고 있다. 도서관도 데이터 큐레이션, 디지털 큐레이션, 콘텐츠 큐레이션, 북 큐레이션, 소셜 큐레이션 등 다양한 형태의 큐레이션 서비스를 제공하기 시작했다. 그러나, 큐레이션 서비스와 도서관 서비스의 관계는 적절히 연구되지 않았다. 본 논문의 목적은 큐레이션 서비스와 도서관 서비스의 관계를 분석함으로써 두 서비스의 이질감을 해소하는 것이다. 특히 이 논문은 큐레이션 서비스와 도서관 참고서비스의 관계에 주목한다. 본 연구에서는 연구목적 달성을 위해 광범위한 문헌 검토와 몇 가지 실제 사례를 살펴 보았다. 본 연구에서는 21세기 도서관 참고서비스가 직면한 과제와 큐레이션의 적용가능성, 두 개념의 유래와 의미를 분석하고 비교해보았다. 그 결과, 본 논문은 큐레이션이 도서관의 새로운 개념이 아니라 변화하는 정보환경과 이용자 요구에 대응한 도서관 참고서비스의 자연스러운 진화라고 제안한다. 게다가 도서관은 디지털 시대의 정보 환경의 변화 및 이용자 기대 변화에 대응하기 위하여 큐레이션 서비스를 혁명으로 생각하지 않고 도서관 참고서비스의 자연스러운 진화임을 인식해야 한다고 결론짓고 있다. Popularly known to be originated in museums and art galleries, curation is widely applied in many other fields ranging from curation commerce to curated databases by today. Libraries also have started to provide different types of curation services such as data curation, digital curation, content curation, book curation, and social curation. However, the relationship between the curation service and the library service is not adequately studied and documented. The objective of this paper is to address that gap by analyzing the relationship between curation service and the library service. Particularly, this paper pays attention to study the relationship between curation service and library reference service. The research methods used by this study were an extensive literature review followed by some carefully selected real-world examples of curation services in libraries and other fields. The authors have analyzed and documented the origin and the meaning of two concepts, the challenges faced by library reference service, and the applicability of curation as a modest form of library reference service in the $21^{st}$-century. Based on the study findings, this paper concludes that curation service is not a new concept for the library but a natural evolution of the library reference service in response to the changing information environment and user expectations in the digital age.
Resilience Engineering Indicators and Safety Management: A Systematic Review
Ranasinghe, Udara,Jefferies, Marcus,Davis, Peter,Pillay, Manikam Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2020 Safety and health at work Vol.11 No.2
A safe work environment is crucial in high-risk industries, such as construction refurbishment. Safety incidents caused by uncertainty and unexpected events in construction refurbishment systems are difficult to control using conventional safety management techniques. Resilience engineering (RE) is proposed as an alternative to traditional safety management approaches. It presents a successful safety management methodology designed to deal with uncertainty in high-risk work environments. Despite the fact that RE resides in the safety domain, there is no common set of RE indicators to measure and assess resilient in the work environment. The main aim of this research is to explore RE indicators that have been identified as important in developing and assessing the resilient work environment in high-risk industries, particularly in construction refurbishment. Indicators have been attained through a systematic literature review of research and scholarly articles published between the years 2004 and 2019. The literature review explored RE indicators in various industries. Descriptive analysis and co-occurrence-based network visualization were used for data analysis. The findings revealed 28 RE indicators in 11 different high-risk industries. The results show that the four commonly used indicators were: top-management commitment, awareness, learning, and flexibility, all of which have a strong relationship with RE. The findings of this study are useful for stakeholders when making decisions concerning the most important RE indicators in the context of their research or practice as this would avoid the ambiguity and disparity in the identification of RE indicators.
MEASUREMENT ERROR BIAS IN RETURNS TO EDUCATION: EVIDENCE FROM A DEVELOPING COUNTRY - SRI LANKA
RASIKA RANASINGHE,THOMAS HERTZ 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2008 Journal of Economic Development Vol.33 No.2
There is a continuing debate about the size and direction of the bias in estimates of returns to education. Evidence from developing countries is particularly scarce. This paper addresses the problem of measurement error bias in returns to schooling for Sri Lanka, by exploiting dual measurements of reported schooling for a sub-sample of the data and deriving a reliability estimate of schooling. This is used to obtain measurement error corrected fixed effects estimates of the proportionate increase associated with an additional level of schooling. This corrected measure is 5.5%, which is less than the OLS estimate of 7.8% for two person households.
Measurement Error Bias in Returns to Education : Evidence from a Developing Country - Sri Lanka
RASIKA RANASINGHE;THOMAS HERTZ 경제연구소 2008 Journal of Economic Development Vol.33 No.2
There is a continuing debate about the size and direction of the bias in estimates of returns to education. Evidence from developing countries is particularly scarce. This paper addresses the problem of measurement error bias in returns to schooling for Sri Lanka, by exploiting dual measurements of reported schooling for a sub-sample of the data and deriving a reliability estimate of schooling. This is used to obtain measurement error corrected fixed effects estimates of the proportionate increase associated with an additional level of schooling. This corrected measure is 5.5%, which is less than the OLS estimate of 7.8% for two person households.
Thilini Ranasinghe,차선희 한국수산과학회 2024 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.27 No.2
Particulate matter (PM) is a mixture of microscopic solid inhalable particles including airborne liquid droplets, and it is implicated with several diseases. The eye does not have a protective barrier among the human organs, consequently it get directly exposed to environmental substances such as PM. The scarcity of treatments for damage to the eyesight and the vision and eye structure being closely related to the structure and function of the central nervous system highlights the cruciality of novel therapeutics. In this study was conducted using in vivo zebrafish vertebrate model which is a useful model due to the conserved genes between human. We found that protective effect of Octopus minor extract against particulate matter-induced adverse effects on eye development in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos by regulating antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mRNA expression.