Safe clinical photography: best practice guidelines for risk management and mitigation

Chandawarkar, Rajiv,Nadkarni, Prakash Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2021 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.48 No.3

Clinical photography is an essential component of patient care in plastic surgery. The use of unsecured smartphone cameras, digital cameras, social media, instant messaging, and commercially available cloud-based storage devices threatens patients' data safety. This paper Identifies potential risks of clinical photography and heightens awareness of safe clinical photography. Specifically, we evaluated existing risk-mitigation strategies globally, comparing them to industry standards in similar settings, and formulated a framework for developing a risk-mitigation plan for avoiding data breaches by identifying the safest methods of picture taking, transfer to storage, retrieval, and use, both within and outside the organization. Since threats evolve constantly, the framework must evolve too. Based on a literature search of both PubMed and the web (via Google) with key phrases and child terms (for PubMed), the risks and consequences of data breaches in individual processes in clinical photography are identified. Current clinical-photography practices are described. Lastly, we evaluate current risk mitigation strategies for clinical photography by examining guidelines from professional organizations, governmental agencies, and non-healthcare industries. Combining lessons learned from the steps above into a comprehensive framework that could contribute to national/international guidelines on safe clinical photography, we provide recommendations for best practice guidelines. It is imperative that best practice guidelines for the simple, safe, and secure capture, transfer, storage, and retrieval of clinical photographs be co-developed through cooperative efforts between providers, hospital administrators, clinical informaticians, IT governance structures, and national professional organizations. This would significantly safeguard patient data security and provide the privacy that patients deserve and expect.

A proposed organic Schottky barrier photodetector for application in the visible region

A.D.D. Dwivedi,Arun Kumar Singh,Rajiv Prakash,P. Chakrabarti 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.3

The fabrication and characterization of an organic photodetector (OPD) in the form of ITO coated glass/polycarbazole (PCz)/Al Schottky contact is reported. The device has been fabricated in our laboratory for the first time using the polymer synthesized by us. The device has been subsequently characterized in respect of electrical and optical properties in order to explore its potential for possible use as a detector in the visible region at 650 nm. It is observed that the detector exhibits a reasonably high value of peak detectivity (~6 × 106 cm Hz1/2W-1) near zero bias voltage at V = 0.2 V.

Development of a Diverse Learning Experience for Diverse Psychiatry Resident Needs: A Four-Year Biological Psychiatry Curriculum Incorporating Principles of Neurobiology, Psychopharmacology, and Evidence-Based Practice

Andrew J. Muzyk,Jane P. Gagliardi,Gopalkumar Rakesh,Michael R. Jiroutek,Rajiv Radhakrishnan,배치운,Prakash S. Masand,Steven T. Szabo 대한신경정신의학회 2017 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.14 No.3

Objective: A clinically relevant approach to patient care grounded in neurobiological constructs and evidence based practice which emphasizes a relevant psychopharmacology is needed to optimally train psychiatry residents. Methods: We implemented a biological psychiatry course that now incorporates neurobiology, psychopharmacology, and evidencebased practice in conjunction with a Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) perspective. A survey launched prior to course implementation and following each class session, served as the outcome metric of residents’ attitudes toward the new curriculum and followed a baseline attitudinal survey designed to evaluate the program. Results: Greater than 90% of the psychiatry residents at Duke University who took the attitudinal survey agreed or strongly agreed with needing a course that helped them develop an understanding of neurobiology, psychopharmacology, and evidence-based practice concepts. Most residents also indicated a less than adequate understanding of the neurobiology and psychopharmacology of psychiatric disorders prior to sessions. Conclusion: Our biological psychiatry curriculum was associated with enthusiasm among residents regarding the incorporation of neurobiology, psychopharmacology, and evidence-based practice into course topics and discussions. A biological psychiatry curriculum with integrated neurobiology and psychopharmacology built on an evidence base approach is possible, well-received, and needed in training of future psychiatrists.

Experimental and theoretical investigation of aqueous and methanolic extracts of <i>Prunus dulcis</i> peels as green corrosion inhibitors of mild steel in aggressive chloride media

Pal, Shweta,Lgaz, Hassane,Tiwari, Preeti,Chung, Ill-Min,Ji, Gopal,Prakash, Rajiv Elsevier 2019 Journal of molecular liquids Vol.276 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P> <I>Prunus dulcis</I> (almond) is one of the most commonly ingested dry fruits by peoples in their routine diet plan due to its high nutrition content. However, almond peels are not eaten and thrown as a waste material. The reason is that the peels are not easily digested in human body due to its low solubility in aqueous medium. Also, the peels contain low amount of cyanides. Surprisingly, almond peels also contain various active bio-compounds which have not been explored properly for any industrial purpose. With the idea of utilizing a waste material and checking solution dependability, the aqueous and methanolic extracts of almond peels have been prepared and investigated by experimental techniques and theoretical tools. The protection efficiency of the extracts in reduction of mild steel (MS) dissolution in 0.1 M HCl has been determined by electrochemical methods (impedance analysis and polarization behavior). The results shows that methanolic and aqueous extracts avert 93% and 85% mild steel loss respectively, which portray that methanolic extract is more effective than aqueous extract. This fact is supported by the surface analysis of mild steel samples done by HRSEM and AFM. UV–vis and FTIR spectroscopy analysis reveals the reason that methanol can extract more phytochemcial constituents of almond peels than water. The free energies of adsorption (ΔG°) for both extract's molecules have been determined based on adsorption coefficient (K<SUB>ads</SUB>) obtained from Langmuir isotherm fitting of inhibition data, which suggest that adsorption is neither pure physical nor pure chemical, i.e., mixed type. DFT modeling and Monte carlo simulation techniques are also explored to investigate theoretical adsorption and inhibition characteristics of the molecules, which supports the interpretation of the experimental results.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Almond peels are used for mild steel protection in 0.1 M HCl. </LI> <LI> Methanolic and aqueous extracts of peel provide maximum efficiency of 93% and 85%, respectively. </LI> <LI> UV–vis and FTIR study show that all constituents of peels are present in methanolic extract only. </LI> <LI> Electrochemical investigations suggest a protective barrier formation between steel and HCl. </LI> <LI> Adsorption behaviour of the constituents is also studied by DFT and Monte Carlo simulations. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Synthesis of graphene oxide and its application for the adsorption of Pb+2 from aqueous solution

Himanshu Raghubanshi,Shalate M. Ngobeni,Adeniyi Olugbenga Osikoya,Ntaote David Shooto,Charity Wokwu Dikio,Eliazer Bobby Naidoo,Ezekiel Dixon Dikio,Rajiv K. Pandey,Rajiv Prakash 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.47 No.-

Lead (Pb) ion is a heavy metal ion contaminant in geochemical systems, and has non-repairable harmfuleffects due to their high toxicity. They create severe threats to human health and ecological balance. Therefore, it is highly needed to remove Pb ions from contaminated water/aqueous media. In this study,graphene oxides (GOs) were prepared using “Hummers” and “improved” methods for studying the effectof processing parameters on the as-prepared GO. The processing parameters such as purification anddrying process; and the effect of un-reacted graphiteflakes (UGFs) on the thermal stability of GO wereinvestigated. The as-prepared GOs were characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fouriertransform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Raman spectroscopy. Further, we applied the as-prepared GO for the removal of Pb ions (Pb2+) from aqueous solution. Theadsorption measurements were conducted through atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The batchadsorption experiments were carried out to study the effect of initial concentration, contact time, andtemperature on the adsorption of Pb2+ from aqueous solution onto the GO. It was found that the Pb2+adsorption on GO increased with increase in the initial concentration of Pb2+. A maximum adsorption of120 mg/g took place at initial concentration of 60 mg/L Pb2+. The adsorption studies recorded a relativelyrapid uptake of Pb2+ by GO and followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The results indicated asignificant potential of GO as an adsorbent for Pb2+ removal.