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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Rajendra Singh (검색결과 59 건)
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Research Issues in Gear Dynamics
Singh,Rajendra 대한기계학회 1993 Korea - U. S. Vibration Engineering Seminar Vol.1 No.1
The study of gear dynamics and acoustics remains a viable area of research since strong dynamic interactions, non-linear effects, time-varying system parameters and complex modulation processes are observed in practical geared systems. Gear whine and rattle noise are manifestations of such physical phenomena. The key to diagnosing and solving any of these problems is to first consider a gear pair as a part of the overall dynamic system. Second, suitable mathematical models of varying complexities, with many simplifying assumptions, can be developed for dynamic, vibration, acoustic, diagnostic and experimental studies [1-39]. This lecture is based primarily on recent journal articles published by the author and his graduate students [8,11,21-39]. A copy of view graphs, most of which are self-explanatory, are attached here to aid the participants of this symposium. Refer to Table 1 for a list of illustrations. Virtually all of the research results have already been reported by the author and his colleagues in significant detail. Nonetheless, the following references are suggested for further studies in several key areas; also refer to the literature cited in these articles.
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Singh, Rajendra K.,Patel, Kapil D.,Kim, Jung-Ju,Kim, Tae-Hyun,Kim, Joong-Hyun,Shin, Ueon Sang,Lee, Eun-Jung,Knowles, Jonathan C.,Kim, Hae-Won American Chemical Society 2014 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.6 No.4
<P>Here we communicate the development of a novel multifunctional hybrid nanomaterial, magnetic carbon nanotubes (CNTs) ensheathed with mesoporous silica, for the simultaneous applications of drug delivery and imaging. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were first decorated onto the multiwalled CNTs, which was then layered with mesoporous silica (<I>m</I>SiO<SUB>2</SUB>) to facilitate the loading of bioactive molecules to a large quantity while exerting magnetic properties. The hybrid nanomaterial showed a high mesoporosity due to the surface-layered <I>m</I>SiO<SUB>2</SUB>, and excellent magnetic properties, including magnetic resonance imaging in vitro and in vivo. The mesoporous and magnetic hybrid nanocarriers showed high loading capacity for therapeutic molecules including drug gentamicin and protein cytochrome C. In particular, genetic molecule siRNA was effectively loaded and then released over a period of days to a week. Furthermore, the hybrid nanocarriers exhibited a high cell uptake rate through magnetism, while eliciting favorable biological efficacy within the cells. This novel hybrid multifunctional nanocarrier may be potentially applicable as drug delivery and imaging systems.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2014/aamick.2014.6.issue-4/am4056936/production/images/medium/am-2013-056936_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am4056936'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
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Microbial consortia including methanotrophs: some benefits of living together
Rajendra Singh,류재원,Si Wouk Kim 한국미생물학회 2019 The journal of microbiology Vol.57 No.11
With the progress of biotechnological research and improvements made in bioprocessing with pure cultures, microbial consortia have gained recognition for accomplishing biological processes with improved effectiveness. Microbes are indispensable tool in developing bioprocesses for the production of bioenergy and biochemicals while utilizing renewable resources due to technical, economic and environmental advantages. They communicate with specific cohorts in close proximity to promote metabolic cooperation. Use of positive microbial associations has been recognized widely, especially in food industries and bioremediation of toxic compounds and waste materials. Role of microbial associations in developing sustainable energy sources and substitutes for conventional fuels is highly promising with many commercial prospects. Detoxification of chemical contaminants sourced from domestic, agricultural and industrial wastes has also been achieved through microbial catalysis in pure and co-culture systems. Methanotrophs, the sole biological sink of greenhouse gas methane, catalyze the methane monooxygenasemediated oxidation of methane to methanol, a high energy density liquid and key platform chemical to produce commodity chemical compounds and their derivatives. Constructed microbial consortia have positive effects, such as improved biomass, biocatalytic potential, stability etc. In a methanotroph- heterotroph consortium, non-methanotrophs provide key nutrient factors and alleviate the toxicity from the culture. Non-methanotrophic organisms biologically stimulate the growth and activity of methanotrophs via production of growth stimulators. However, methanotrophs in association with cocultured microorganisms are in need of further exploration and thorough investigation to study their interaction mode and application with improved effectiveness.
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Expression Levels of Tetraspanin KAI1/CD82 in Breast Cancers in North Indian Females
Singh, Richa,Bhatt, Madan Lal Brahma,Singh, Saurabh Pratap,Kumar, Vijay,Goel, Madhu Mati,Mishra, Durga Prasad,Srivastava, Kirti,Kumar, Rajendra Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.7
Background: Carcinogenesis is a multifaceted intricate cellular mechanism of transformation of the normal functions of a cell into neoplastic alterations. Metastasis may result in failure of conventional treatment and death Hence, research on metastatic suppressors in cancer is a high priority. The metastatic suppressor gene CD82, also known as KAI1, is a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily which was first identified in carcinoma of prostate. Little work has been done on this gene in breast cancer. Herein, we aimed to determine the gene and protein level expression of CD82/KAI1 in breast cancer and its role as a prognosticator. Materials and Methods: In this study, 83 histologically proven cases of breast cancer and a similar number of controls were included. Patient age ranged from 18-70 years. Quantitative Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (q-RT PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to investigate KAI1 expression at gene and protein levels, respectively. Statistical analysis was done to correlate expression of KAI1 and clinicopathological parameters. Results: It was revealed that: (i) KAI1 was remarkably diminished in metastatic vs non metastatic breast cancer both at the gene and the protein levels (P < .05); (ii) KAI1 expression levels were strongly correlated with TNM staging, histological grade and advanced stage (p<0.001) and no association was found with any other studied parameter; (iii) Lastly, a significant correlation was observed between expression of KAI1 and overall median survival of BC patients (P = 0.04). Conclusions: Our results suggest that lack of expression of the KAI1 might indicate a more aggressive form of breast cancer. Loss of KAI1 may be considered a significant prognostic marker in predicting metastatic manifestation. When evaluated along with the clinical and pathological factors, KAI1 expression may be beneficial to tailor aggressive therapeutic strategies for such patients.
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Progress in Nanotheranostics Based on Mesoporous Silica Nanomaterial Platforms
Singh, Rajendra K.,Patel, Kapil D.,Leong, Kam W.,Kim, Hae-Won American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.12
<P>Theranostics based on nanoparticles (NPs) is a promising paradigm in nanomedicine. Mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN)-based systems offer unique characteristics to enable multimodal imaging or simultaneous diagnosis and therapy. They include large surface area and volume, tunable pore size, functionalizable surface, and acceptable biological safety. Hybridization with other NPs and chemical modification can further potentiate the multifunctionality of MSN-based systems toward translation. Here, we update the recent progress on MSN-based systems for theranostic purposes. We discuss various synthetic approaches used to construct the theranostic platforms either via intrinsic chemistry or extrinsic combination. These include defect generation in the silica structure, encapsulation of diagnostic NPs within silica, their assembly on the silica surface, and direct conjugation of dye chemicals. Collectively, in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that multimodal imaging capacities can be integrated with the therapeutic functions of these MSN systems for therapy. With further improvement in bioimaging sensitivity and targeting specificity, the multifunctional MSN-based theranostic systems will find many clinical applications in the near future.</P>
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Preparation of Self-Activated Fluorescence Mesoporous Silica Hollow Nanoellipsoids for Theranostics
Singh, Rajendra Kumar,Kim, Tae-Hyun,Mahapatra, Chinmaya,Patel, Kapil Dev,Kim, Hae-Won American Chemical Society 2015 Langmuir Vol.31 No.41
<P>The newly developed multifunctional (self-activated fluorescent, mesoporous, and biocompatible) hollow mesoporous silica nanoellipsoids (f-hMS) are potentially useful as a delivery system of drugs for therapeutics and imaging purposes. For the synthesis of f-hMS, self-activated fluorescence hydroxyapatite (fHA) was used as a core template. A mesoporous silica shell was obtained by silica formation and subsequent removal of the fHA core, which resulted in a hollow-cored f-hMS. Although the silica shell provided a highly mesoporous structure, enabling an effective loading of drug molecules, the fluorescent property of fHA was also well-preserved in the f-hMS. Cytochrome <I>c</I> and doxorubicin, used as a model protein and anticancer drug, respectively, were shown to be effectively loaded onto f-hMS and were then released in a sustainable and controllable manner. The f-hMS was effectively taken up by the cells and exhibited fluorescent labeling while preserving excellent cell viability. Overall, the f-hMS nanoreservoir may be useful as a multifunctional carrier system for drug delivery and cell imaging.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/langd5/2015/langd5.2015.31.issue-41/acs.langmuir.5b03436/production/images/medium/la-2015-03436q_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/la5b03436'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
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Singh, Rajendra K.,Kim, Tae‐,Hyun,Patel, Kapil D.,Knowles, Jonathan C.,Kim, Hae‐,Won Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2012 Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A Vol.a100 No.7
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are considered highly useful in therapeutic and diagnostic applications. However, MNPs require surface modification to promote dispersibility in aqueous solutions and thus biocompatibility. In this article, the authors modified MNPs with inorganic silica layer to create silica‐coated magnetite nanoparticles (MNP@Si) via sol–gel process. Synthesis involves hydrolysis and condensation steps using tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) in methanol/ polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution and ammonia catalyst. Nanoparticles were characterized in terms of morphology, particle size, crystalline phase, chemical‐bond structure, surface charge and magnetic properties: in particular, the MNP@Si size was easily tunable through alteration of the Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>‐to‐TEOS ratio. As this ratio increased, the MNP@Si size decreased from 270 to 15 nm whilst maintaining core 12‐nm MNP particle size, indicating decrease in thickness of the silica coating. All MNP@Si, in direct contrast to uncoated MNPs, showed excellent stability in aqueous solution. The particles' physicochemical and magnetic properties systematically varied with size (coating thickness), and the zeta potential diminished toward negative values, while magnetization increased as the coating thickness decreased. 15‐nm MNP@Si showed excellent magnetization (about 64.1 emu/g), almost comparable to that of uncoated MNPs (70.8 emu/g). Preliminary <I>in vitro</I> assays confirmed that the silica layer significantly reduced cellular toxicity as assessed by increase in cell viability and reduction in reactive oxygen species production during 48 h of culture. Newly‐developed MNP@Si, with a high capacity for magnetization, water‐dispersibility, and diminished cell toxicity, may be potentially useful in diverse biomedical applications, including delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic biomolecules. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2012.</P>
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