공조기 필터차압관리에 의한 팬동력 에너지 저감 평가 및 운용시스템 개발

곽노열,원근호,정광우,허정호 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.5

This paper presents the results of research into the problem of air filter management related with the air filter-associated fan energy consumption. Both energy performance data and air filter differential pressure of AHU in real commercial buildings were monitored and analyzed to investigate quantitatively energy impact as dust buildup level on air filter grows. An empirical equation was suggested through the regression analysis of multiple independent variables. An air filter differential pressure management model is also proposed and described as being an economical strategy in preventing high energy consumption. The system can create a useful alarm on a real time basis which would detect when an air filter needs to be changed and alert the building operator to do so, thereby minimizing the energy consumed by the air conditioning system.

事務所建物 空調設備의 豫防保全 最適點檢周期가 信賴性向上 및 期待利益에 미치는 영향

곽노열,박병윤,손장열 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.19 No.5

In this study, using Monte Carlo simulation about inspection model applied practically in air-conditioning facilities of office building, the optimal preventive maintenance inspection period is suggested to improve the reliability of the units, and effect on expected profit of optimal preventive maintenance inspection period is computed. The main results of this study are summarized as follows: 1) Simulation program for sensitivity analysis and optimal preventive maintenance inspection period is made, in order to execute precisely sensitivity analysis of maintenance factors, by using Monte Carlo simulation's flow chart and compute optimal preventive maintenance inspection period. 2) Using models for the relationship between reliability and inspection frequency per unit time and model between inspection and expected profit of preventive maintenance by CBM, the optimal preventive maintenance inspection period of air-conditioning facilities is computed, and it is revealed that the range of that is 90∼175 hr and, correlation curve of the original MTBF and optimal preventive maintenance inspection period by CBM is derived. 3) And effect on expected profit of preventive maintenance's activity by optimal preventive maintenance inspection period is computed. It is found that the larger the original MTBF, like MTBF of centrifugal compression chiller and AHU is, and the smaller the expected profit increased, and the smaller the original MTBF, like MTBF of boiler, absorption chiller and turbo case cooling tower is, and larger the expected profit increased.

Optimal Inspection Period Based on the Reliability - Centered Maintenance for HVAC System in Office Building

RO-YEUL KWAK,AKIRA TAKAKUSAGI,JANG-YEUL SOHN,SHUJI FUJII 대한설비공학회 2003 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.-

복합건물에서 사용자의 기계결함민원 원단위 및 유지관리조직 대응의 상호작용 평가

곽노열(Kwak, Ro-Yeul) 대한건축학회 2018 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.34 No.3

In order to understand interaction between building users" occupant performance and building maintenance performance of maintenance management personnel, actual data from maintenance activities of buildings were analyzed. Also, using building defect customer complaint data reported by building user, satisfaction data on building maintenance services of building users and service response time of maintenance management personnel, a method for evaluating interaction of buildings with the same purpose and same size was proposed. Throughout analysis, average number of occurrences per unit area per year for the mechanical complaints in complex building were presented. In addition, using building users` satisfaction with facility management services, attitude of responding to business obstacles, number of occurrences per unit area per year of mechanical complaints and complaint processing speed, interaction was comprehensively identified and compared.

사무소건물 유지관리 서비스의 사용자 클레임에 대한 중요성공요인(CSF) 및 KPI 수준

곽노열(Kwak Ro-Yeul) 대한건축학회 2009 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.25 No.7

The purpose of this study is to suggest SLA/KPI steps in maintenance management service of building services and KPI level as quantitative index of occupant's claims in order to analysis level of maintenance management service of building services. Based on this research, SLA/KPI steps applicable to maintenance management service of building services were suggested. And, CSF(Critical Success Factor) applicable to maintenance management service of building services were chosen and as an agreement level, CSF(Critical Success Factor) and KPI level of maintenance management service of building services were suggested from the side of rapidity and satisfaction. It is found that service time which is elapsed from claim arrival to its service's finish is under 30 minutes and user's claim were accomplished rapidly and through results of users' service time of this study, KPI is applicable to helpdesk services in Korean office buildings.

하절기 고등학교 교실에서 재실자의 적극적 환경조절행동이 실내환경에 미치는 영향

곽노열(Kwak, Ro-Yeul) 대한건축학회 2019 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.35 No.5

In high school classrooms, it is reported that ventilation is often insufficient, increasing health risks among students. Therefore, indoor air quality in school classrooms is very important in terms of students" health and learning abilities. In this study, the effect of window opening, which is a control mechanism for air control in summer high school classrooms, on the change in air and indoor environment of the classroom was analyzed and physical conditions of indoor and air environment were observed during the classroom course, and satisfaction of the students and teachers was assessed with questionnaires. It was found that change rate of CO₂ concentration in classroom was effectively reduced by carrying out activity of opening the window by active environment control activity of occupants at break time, intermission time and cleaning time. And optimal window opening by students was presented to prevent unpleasantness and degradation of indoor air quality and the effects were analyzed.

겨울철 고등학교 교실에서 재실자의 환경조절행동이 공기환경 개선에 미치는 영향

곽노열(Kwak, Ro-Yeul) 대한건축학회 2020 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.36 No.4

In this study, the effect of window opening, which is a control mechanism for air control in winter high school classrooms, on the change in air and indoor environment of the classroom was analyzed and physical conditions of indoor and air environment were observed during the classroom course, and satisfaction of the students and teachers was assessed with questionnaires. And the changes in air environment were assessed by the performance of the duster cleaning work in the classroom. It was found that 84.6% of the students surveyed said the air was stuffy. And among the alternatives, opening windows all times during class was most effective in reducing CO₂ concentration and PM concentration was measured within classroom’s standard. In addition, the concentration change rate of duster cleaning work was reduced by 74.4% and 65.4% of PM10 compared to broom cleaning work.

EN 15232 기준의 효율등급을 이용한 건물 에너지관리시스템의 에너지성능 평가

곽노열(Kwak, Ro-Yeul) 대한건축학회 2013 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.29 No.12

In order to save buildings’ operation energy, BEMS, recently, has been introduced actively and through evaluating energy performance quantitatively on BEMS operated buildings, energy characteristics and efficiency information of building can be understood and that it makes it possible to present alternatives to improve energy performance of the buildings. In this study, based on efficiency factors of building systems, EN 15232 standard’s applicability on Korean buildings can be evaluated through BACS efficiency class. There is a questionnaire survey for building energy management team to see whether BACS & TBM functions in EN standard can be applied to buildings in Korea. It has often been discovered that some of the detailed control functions available in Korea should be modified in parts and sometimes in whole and this in turn leads to possibilities that EN Standard can be applied to buildings in Korea. Against buildings in this study, it is found that ratio of control function classified BACS efficiency factor for advanced and high-energy performance systems ranges around 54?66% marks and result of overall BACS efficiency class is C ? D class. So, there is a need to improve the level of the building. As a result of statistical analysis of paired samples for t-test in order to find out correlations of similar control functions items between EN 15232 standard’s result and former study’s result, it is found that there are some significant correlations between the items.

기존 사무소건물의 BEMS 적용 타당성평가 및 프로세스 제안

곽노열(Kwak, Ro-Yeul) 대한건축학회 2013 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.29 No.11

In applying BEMS, it is necessary to perform economic evaluation about suggested BEMS technology and have it reflected in decision making process. The purpose of this study is to perform energy audit for a 14-year-old office building, to suggest the most appropriate BEMS technology for energy savings and to conduct economic analysis of BEMS via different levels of application. BEMS technologies intended to increase energy efficiency and operation performance of buildings presented in this study are suggested and typically it is expected that potential saving rate can be rendered up to 37.8%. As a result of economic analysis on about 20 BEMS applications, there were 15 cases where payback period was 5 years or less and on average, it was 0.67 year. And, to justify the extra cost, having taken the following items into account; savings, investment cost by measurement level, maximum establishment alternative, minimum establishment alternative and intermediate establishment alternative, payback periods were calculated to be at 8.04, 6.05, and 6.31 years, respectively, which are the results taking over 5 year payback period. And, the validity evaluation process in case of BEMS application is proposed.

사무소 건물의 에너지관리시스템에 대한 에너지절감수준

곽노열(Kwak, Ro-Yeul) 대한건축학회 2013 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.29 No.1

Energy performance assessment indices provide a means of rating buildings on how energy saving they are in relation to the amount of energy needed to provide building users with expected degrees of comfort and functionality. This study aims at analyzing the state of the art of office buildings’ energy saving level for BEMS in detail through result of assessment indices for energy saving performance presented in previous study in the view of buildings and applied control technologies. And in order to evaluate energy saving performance more clearly in assessment indices, level indices which linked up the level of adoption and the level of technology was defined newly and suggested. For the energy saving level, the result is summarized as follows; applied ratios of operational plans and control environment are 92%, 75%, respectively, which represent the highest level value, and air conditioners and primary pump is 73% and refrigerator, lighting, supply and exhaust fans, boiler is in the range of 59% to 52%. And, non-applied ratio of lighting, chillers, the boiler, supply and exhaust fans is in the range of 38% to 33%, and so active consideration of their technologies into buildings is necessary. And energy saving level is in the range of 89.0 to 49.5 by building and the level of adoption is in the range of 91.3 to 47.9 and the level of technology is in the range of 98.3 to 74.9 and the values are different by building. Through this result, energy saving level of actual buildings could be identified and it can be utilized to provide an alternative to improve energy saving level in the future.