자연환기로 운영되는 고등학교 교실에서 COVID-19 대응을 위해 전동형 창문개폐장치를 활용한 공기환경 성능개선

곽노열(Kwak, Ro-Yeul) 대한건축학회 2022 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.42 No.1

This study evaluated the effect of improving the air environment of the classroom by installing a device that regularly opens windows in a part of the classroom"s window so that ventilation is performed accurately in a classroom that has no choice but to rely on natural ventilation. An efficient air environment operation management plan was proposed by providing visualization data through the electrically-driven window opening device in real time.

기존 사무소건물의 BEMS 적용 타당성평가 및 프로세스 제안

곽노열(Kwak, Ro-Yeul) 대한건축학회 2013 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.29 No.11

In applying BEMS, it is necessary to perform economic evaluation about suggested BEMS technology and have it reflected in decision making process. The purpose of this study is to perform energy audit for a 14-year-old office building, to suggest the most appropriate BEMS technology for energy savings and to conduct economic analysis of BEMS via different levels of application. BEMS technologies intended to increase energy efficiency and operation performance of buildings presented in this study are suggested and typically it is expected that potential saving rate can be rendered up to 37.8%. As a result of economic analysis on about 20 BEMS applications, there were 15 cases where payback period was 5 years or less and on average, it was 0.67 year. And, to justify the extra cost, having taken the following items into account; savings, investment cost by measurement level, maximum establishment alternative, minimum establishment alternative and intermediate establishment alternative, payback periods were calculated to be at 8.04, 6.05, and 6.31 years, respectively, which are the results taking over 5 year payback period. And, the validity evaluation process in case of BEMS application is proposed.

EN 15232 기준의 효율등급을 이용한 건물 에너지관리시스템의 에너지성능 평가

곽노열(Kwak, Ro-Yeul) 대한건축학회 2013 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.29 No.12

In order to save buildings’ operation energy, BEMS, recently, has been introduced actively and through evaluating energy performance quantitatively on BEMS operated buildings, energy characteristics and efficiency information of building can be understood and that it makes it possible to present alternatives to improve energy performance of the buildings. In this study, based on efficiency factors of building systems, EN 15232 standard’s applicability on Korean buildings can be evaluated through BACS efficiency class. There is a questionnaire survey for building energy management team to see whether BACS & TBM functions in EN standard can be applied to buildings in Korea. It has often been discovered that some of the detailed control functions available in Korea should be modified in parts and sometimes in whole and this in turn leads to possibilities that EN Standard can be applied to buildings in Korea. Against buildings in this study, it is found that ratio of control function classified BACS efficiency factor for advanced and high-energy performance systems ranges around 54?66% marks and result of overall BACS efficiency class is C ? D class. So, there is a need to improve the level of the building. As a result of statistical analysis of paired samples for t-test in order to find out correlations of similar control functions items between EN 15232 standard’s result and former study’s result, it is found that there are some significant correlations between the items.

건축설비 유지관리조직의 서비스품질수준 통합평가

곽노열(Kwak, Ro-Yeul) 대한건축학회 2017 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.33 No.5

The purpose of this paper is to develop integrated evaluation index for service quality level of maintenance management considering additional quality level of energy management in building services and to analyze character of key items affecting quality level of building maintenance & energy management and differences of quality level buildings operated by advanced & low-level maintenance organization. Throughout analysis, building operated by advanced maintenance organization. has a high quality level in part of reliability ensurement & failure prevention, control of energy & water consumption, risk management but a low quality level in part of establishment of remodeling plan, so it is required to actively maintenance plan in the remodeling. And, it can be seen that there is a high correlation between the key items of quality level of maintenance and energy management through Pearson’s correlation result.

겨울철 고등학교 교실에서 재실자의 환경조절행동이 공기환경 개선에 미치는 영향

곽노열(Kwak, Ro-Yeul) 대한건축학회 2020 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.36 No.4

In this study, the effect of window opening, which is a control mechanism for air control in winter high school classrooms, on the change in air and indoor environment of the classroom was analyzed and physical conditions of indoor and air environment were observed during the classroom course, and satisfaction of the students and teachers was assessed with questionnaires. And the changes in air environment were assessed by the performance of the duster cleaning work in the classroom. It was found that 84.6% of the students surveyed said the air was stuffy. And among the alternatives, opening windows all times during class was most effective in reducing CO₂ concentration and PM concentration was measured within classroom’s standard. In addition, the concentration change rate of duster cleaning work was reduced by 74.4% and 65.4% of PM10 compared to broom cleaning work.

사무소건물 유지관리 서비스의 사용자 클레임에 대한 중요성공요인(CSF) 및 KPI 수준

곽노열(Kwak Ro-Yeul) 대한건축학회 2009 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.25 No.7

The purpose of this study is to suggest SLA/KPI steps in maintenance management service of building services and KPI level as quantitative index of occupant's claims in order to analysis level of maintenance management service of building services. Based on this research, SLA/KPI steps applicable to maintenance management service of building services were suggested. And, CSF(Critical Success Factor) applicable to maintenance management service of building services were chosen and as an agreement level, CSF(Critical Success Factor) and KPI level of maintenance management service of building services were suggested from the side of rapidity and satisfaction. It is found that service time which is elapsed from claim arrival to its service's finish is under 30 minutes and user's claim were accomplished rapidly and through results of users' service time of this study, KPI is applicable to helpdesk services in Korean office buildings.

하절기 고등학교 교실에서 재실자의 적극적 환경조절행동이 실내환경에 미치는 영향

곽노열(Kwak, Ro-Yeul) 대한건축학회 2019 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.35 No.5

In high school classrooms, it is reported that ventilation is often insufficient, increasing health risks among students. Therefore, indoor air quality in school classrooms is very important in terms of students" health and learning abilities. In this study, the effect of window opening, which is a control mechanism for air control in summer high school classrooms, on the change in air and indoor environment of the classroom was analyzed and physical conditions of indoor and air environment were observed during the classroom course, and satisfaction of the students and teachers was assessed with questionnaires. It was found that change rate of CO₂ concentration in classroom was effectively reduced by carrying out activity of opening the window by active environment control activity of occupants at break time, intermission time and cleaning time. And optimal window opening by students was presented to prevent unpleasantness and degradation of indoor air quality and the effects were analyzed.

고등학교 교실에서 재실자의 환경조절행동을 통한 공기환경개선의 추이분석 평가

곽노열(Kwak, Ro-Yeul) 대한건축학회 2021 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.37 No.1

In order to present the operation plan of the classroom in response to COVID-19, the change in air environment measurement value of classroom was visualized through trend analysis and quantitatively assessed to provide students with air environment status of classroom in real time so that efficient window-opening environmental control action can be carried out. It was found that as a result of visualizing the amount of change in air environment, it is possible to clearly understand the change trend and the magnitude of change in CO₂ concentration. In addition, the concentration of PM<SUB>10</SUB> indicates the trend of maintaining a certain value during class, and the concentration of PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> also indicates the trend of maintaining a stable constant value. And It is useful for quantitatively analyzing changes in air environment as it can quickly and clearly indicate changes in air environment through trend analysis and process & plan of window opening operation in classroom was suggested.

건물의 헬프데스크 서비스에서 사용자의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 유지관리조직의 상호작용 평가

곽노열(Kwak, Ro-Yeul),권서현(Kwon, Suh-Hyun),전정윤(Chun, Chung-Yoon) 대한건축학회 2019 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.35 No.4

Maintenance services provided to users in buildings are not sufficient simply to provide them, but it is necessary to provide them with a service system that can accurately identify and respond to users" needs. This study analyzed the relationship between user satisfaction with the helpdesk service corresponding to the building claim and the quality of service of the maintenance organization to identify the interaction between the user and the maintenance organization in the building. We then examined whether there were significant differences between the buildings in terms of variables in the helpdesk service that affect the user"s satisfaction. It was also presented as a measure of the quality of service of the SERVQUAL tool to assess the potential for building maintenance response strategies. Research shows that each building has a helpdesk service item that is significant in user satisfaction and empathy has emerged in a typical dimension as SERVQUAL dimension.

사무소 건물의 에너지관리시스템에 대한 에너지절감수준

곽노열(Kwak, Ro-Yeul) 대한건축학회 2013 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.29 No.1

Energy performance assessment indices provide a means of rating buildings on how energy saving they are in relation to the amount of energy needed to provide building users with expected degrees of comfort and functionality. This study aims at analyzing the state of the art of office buildings’ energy saving level for BEMS in detail through result of assessment indices for energy saving performance presented in previous study in the view of buildings and applied control technologies. And in order to evaluate energy saving performance more clearly in assessment indices, level indices which linked up the level of adoption and the level of technology was defined newly and suggested. For the energy saving level, the result is summarized as follows; applied ratios of operational plans and control environment are 92%, 75%, respectively, which represent the highest level value, and air conditioners and primary pump is 73% and refrigerator, lighting, supply and exhaust fans, boiler is in the range of 59% to 52%. And, non-applied ratio of lighting, chillers, the boiler, supply and exhaust fans is in the range of 38% to 33%, and so active consideration of their technologies into buildings is necessary. And energy saving level is in the range of 89.0 to 49.5 by building and the level of adoption is in the range of 91.3 to 47.9 and the level of technology is in the range of 98.3 to 74.9 and the values are different by building. Through this result, energy saving level of actual buildings could be identified and it can be utilized to provide an alternative to improve energy saving level in the future.