Formation of Ethyl Carbamate in Goji wines: Effect of Goji Fruit Composition

Qiang Xia,Meican Niu,Chong-De Wu,Rongqing Zhou 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.3

Ethyl carbamate (EC) is a multisite carcinogen widely occurring in alcoholic beverages. In this investigation, solid-phase extraction combined with gas chromatography mass spectrometry was employed to determine EC contents during the fermentation and storage processes, and the effects of Goji varieties on its formation were also examined. The results indicated that natural and potential EC contents were significantly affected by the varied composition of Goji fruits. The analysis of chemical properties showed differences in hundred-grain weight, water contents, amino acids, and nitrogen-tocarbon ratio for Goji berries. Citrulline was completely degraded although it is routinely considered as a non-preferred nitrogen for yeasts. Due to compositional differences, Goji wines accumulated distinct urea levels that positively correlated with the potential EC contents. Furthermore, the temperature in both the production processes highly influenced EC formation. These results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of EC formation, and in turn, controlling EC in the Goji wine matrix.

Three new species of spiders of Erigoninae(Araneae:Linyphiidae)from China

Xia Qiang,Zhang Gu-Ren,Gao Jiu-Chun,Fei Rui,Joo-Pil Kim 한국거미연구소 2001 한국거미 Vol.17 No.2

A Dynamic Modeling Approach to Simulate Groundwater Discharges into a Tunnel from Typical Heterogenous Geological Media During Continuing Excavation

Qiang Xia,Mo Xu,Han Zhang,Qiang Zhang,Xian-xuan Xiao 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.1

Most of the analytical and numerical models of tunnel groundwater inflow ignore the excavation process, leading to inaccurate prediction of discharge rate. A dynamic modeling approach was introduced by redevelopment of MODFLOW to simulate the change of groundwater flow step by step in accord with tunnel excavation. The drilling tunnel was conceptualized as a changing boundary condition, which was modeled by dividing the drilling process into a series of successive steps. The impact of permeability heterogeneity on groundwater flow was studied through a comparison between a homogeneous hydraulic conductivity case and a synthetic heterogeneous one. It was found that the discharge rate at drilling front kept stable in the homogeneous case, resulting in a linear increase in the total discharge rate, similar to the analytical solution by Perrochet (2005). In contrast, the front and total discharge rate were influenced significantly by the variability of permeability in the heterogeneous case. The time-dependent discharge rate at a given place was subject to an exponential decay for both cases with the maximum inflow occuring at the beginning of excavation. The relationship between discharge rate and hydraulic properties was further investigated in a high-K zone. It revealed that maximum discharge rate was proportional to hydraulic conductivity (K) and specific storage (Ss). The decaying rate of discharge was time-dependent and also proportional to the value of K and Ss. The water budget analysis demonstrated that water released from storage of the high-K zone was the major source of tunnel discharge at early times.

LETTER TO THE EDITOR : Preoperative Evaluation of a Subungual Glomus Tumor Case Using Multidetector Computed Tomography Angiography

( Jun Xia ),( Yan Xia Cai ),( Zhan Qiang Jin ),( Xiao Zhen He ),( Yi Ming Fan ) 대한피부과학회 2015 Annals of Dermatology Vol.27 No.2

Sparse Polynomial Mapping for Manifold Learning

Ying Xia,Qiang Lu,Hae-Young Bae 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2014 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.7 No.6

Manifold learning is an approach for nonlinear dimensionality reduction and has been a hot research topic in the field of computer science. A disadvantage of manifold learning methods is, however, that there are no explicit mappings from the high-dimensional feature space to the low-dimensional representation space. It restricts the application of manifold learning methods in many practical problems such as target detection and classification. Previously, some methods have been proposed to provide linear or nonlinear mappings for manifold learning methods. However, a disadvantage of all these methods is that the learned projective functions are combinations of all the original features, thus it is often difficult to interpret the results. Moreover, the dense projection matrices of these approaches lead to a high cost of computation and storage. In this paper, a sparse polynomial mapping approach is proposed for manifold learning. We first get the low-dimensional representations of the high-dimensional input data by using a manifold learning method, and then a 1-based simplified polynomial regression is used to get a sparse polynomial mapping between the high-dimensional data and their low-dimensional representations. In particular, we apply this to the method of Laplacian eigenmap and derive a sparse nonlinear manifold learning algorithm, which is named sparse locality preserving polynomial embedding. Experimental results on real-world data show the effectiveness of our approach.

《漢書 · 律曆志》 “六觚” 考

夏國强(Xia Guo-qiang) 한국교통대학교 동아시아연구소 2009 동아문헌연구 Vol.- No.-

Letters to the Editor : Preoperative Evaluation of a Subungual Glomus Tumor Case Using Multidetector Computed Tomography Angiography

( Jun Xia ),( Yan Xia Cai ),( Zhan Qiang Jin ),( Xiao Zhen He ),( Yi Ming Fan ) 대한피부과학회 2015 Annals of Dermatology Vol.27 No.3

A nonNMDA antagonist, GYKI 52466 improves microscopic O₂balance in the cortex during focal cerebral ischemia

Chi, Oak Z.,Chang, Qiang,Wang, Guolin,Liu, Xia,Harvey R. Weiss 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1

Oak Z.Chi,Qiang Chang, Guolin Wang*, Xia Liu, Harvey R. Weiss□.Deprtments of Anesthesai, Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Medicne and Dentisrty of New Jersey,Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA and*Department of Anesthesia, Medical University, Tianjing, People's Republic of China. A non-NMDA antagonist, GYKI 52466 improves microscopic O² balance in the cortex during focal cerebral ischemia. Proceedings of International Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 172-182, 1999.-This study was performed to test whether GYKI 52466, a non-NMDA receptor antagonist, would improve microregional oxygen supply and consumption balance in the focal cerebral ischemic area. Rats were anesthetized with 1.4% isoflurance. For the GYKI Group (n=8), 19 min before middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion, a bolus of 5mg/kg of GYKI 52466 iv was administered and was followed by an infusion of 5mg/kg/hr. For the control Group(n=8), the same volume of the vehicle was administered. One hour after MCA occlusion, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured using the 14C-iodoantipyrine autoradiographic technique. Microscopic arterial and venous oxygen saturations were determined using microspectrophotometry. In the cortex contralateral to MCA occlusion, the average rCBF and the average O² consumption were lower in the GYKI Group than in the Control Group (rCBF:GYKI 65.5±24.1, Control 97.7 33.4ml/100g/min;O² consumption: GYKI3.9±1.2, Control 6.2±2.5ml O²/100g/min) without a significant difference in the number of veins with SvO²<50%. In the ischemic cortex, the number of veins with SvO²<50% was significantly smaller in the GYKI Group (21 veins out of 63)than in the Control Group(45 out of 59)without a significant difference in the average rCBF(GYKI44.9±17.7, Control 29.7±10.4) or regional O² consumption between these two groups (GYKI 3.3±1.4,Control 27.7±1.2). Our data demonstrated that GYKI 52466 was effective in improving microscopic O² balance in the focal ischemic cortical area of the brain and it decreased O² consumption in the non-ischemic cortex. [Neurological Research 1999;21:299-304]

Effect of Trichostatin A on Anti HepG2 Liver Carcinoma Cells: Inhibition of HDAC Activity and Activation of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling

Shi, Qing-Qiang,Zuo, Guo-Wei,Feng, Zi-Qiang,Zhao, Lv-Cui,Luo, Lian,You, Zhi-Mei,Li, Dang-Yang,Xia, Jing,Li, Jing,Chen, Di-Long Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.18

Purpose: To investigate the effect of deacetylase inhibitory trichostatin A (TSA) on anti HepG2 liver carcinoma cells and explore the underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods: HepG2 cells exposed to different concentrations of TSA for 24, 48, or 72h were examined for cell growth inhibition using CCK8, changes in cell cycle distribution with flow cytometry, cell apoptosis with annexin V-FTIC/PI double staining, and cell morphology changes under an inverted microscope. Expression of ${\beta}$-catenin, HDAC1, HDAC3, H3K9, CyclinD1 and Bax proteins was tested by Western blotting. Gene expression for ${\beta}$-catenin, HDAC1and HDAC3 was tested by q-PCR. ${\beta}$-catenin and H3K9 proteins were also tested by immunofluorescence. Activity of Renilla luciferase (pTCF/LEF-luc) was assessed using the Luciferase Reporter Assay system reagent. The activity of total HDACs was detected with a HDACs colorimetric kit. Results: Exposure to TSA caused significant dose-and time-dependent inhibition of HepG2 cell proliferation (p<0.05) and resulted in increased cell percentages in G0/G1 and G2/M phases and decrease in the S phase. The apoptotic index in the control group was $6.22{\pm}0.25%$, which increased to $7.17{\pm}0.20%$ and $18.1{\pm}0.42%$ in the treatment group. Exposure to 250 and 500nmol/L TSA also caused cell morphology changes with numerous floating cells. Expression of ${\beta}$-catenin, H3K9and Bax proteins was significantly increased, expression levels of CyclinD1, HDAC1, HDAC3 were decreased. Expression of ${\beta}$-catenin at the genetic level was significantly increased, with no significant difference in HDAC1and HDAC3 genes. In the cytoplasm, expression of ${\beta}$-catenin fluorescence protein was not obvious changed and in the nucleus, small amounts of green fluorescence were observed. H3K9 fluorescence protein were increased. Expression levels of the transcription factor TCF werealso increased in HepG2 cells following induction by TSA, whikle the activity of total HDACs was decreased. Conclusions: TSA inhibits HDAC activity, promotes histone acetylation, and activates Wnt/${\beta}$-catenin signaling to inhibit proliferation of HepG2 cell, arrest cell cycling and induce apoptosis.

A Load Identification Method for ICPT System Utilizing Harmonics

Xia, Chen-Yang,Zhu, Wen-Ting,Ma, Nian,Jia, Ren-Hai,Yu, Qiang The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2018 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.13 No.6

Online identification of load parameters is the premise of establishing a stable and highly-efficient ICPT (Inductive Coupled Power Transfer) system. However, compared with pure resistive load, precise identification of composite load, such as resistor-inductance load and resistance-capacitance load, is more difficult. This paper proposes a method for detecting the composite load parameters of ICPT system utilizing harmonics. In this system, the fundamental and harmonic wave channel are connected to the high frequency inverter jointly. The load parameter values can be obtained by setting the load equation based on the induced voltage of secondary-side network, the fundamental wave current, as well as the third harmonic current effective value received by the secondary-side current via Fourier decomposition. This method can achieve precise identification of all kinds of load types without interfering the normal energy transmission and it can not only increase the output power, but also obtain higher efficiency compared with the fundamental wave channel alone. The experimental results with the full-bridge LCCL-S type voltage-fed ICPT system have shown that this method is accurate and reliable.