Comparative antihyperglycaemic and antihyperlipidemic effect of Origanum majorana extracts in NIDDM rats

Pimple, B.P.,Kadam, P.V.,Patil, M.J. 경희한의학연구센터 2012 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.12 No.1

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder prevailing throughout the world irrespective of age, sex and race. The present study deals with phytochemical, antioxidant, antihyperglycaemic and antihyperlipidemic potential of Origanum majorana (OM) leaves. Various extracts of OM were used for the study such as, hydrodistilled volatile oil (OMO), petroleum ether extract (OMPE), methanolic extract (OMM) and aqueous extract (OMW). Three doses of each extract viz. 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg p.o. were used for the study. Streptozotocin, STZ (65 mg/Kg, i.p.) along with nicotinamide (120 mg/kg, i.p.) was used to induce non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in rats. Various biochemical markers of blood and tissue origin were estimated. The results were statistically analyzed by ANOVA followed by Dunnett's test. Glibenclamide, a well known antidiabetic drug, was used as a standard. Volatile oil (OMO, 200 and 400 mg/kg p.o.) and methanolic extract (OMM, 200 and 400 mg/kg p.o.) exhibited dose dependent significant (p<0.01) antihyperglycaemic activity. The aqueous (OMW, 200 and 400 mg/kg p.o.) had moderate (p<0.05) effect on blood sugar level. The volatile oil (OMO, 100 mg/kg p.o.) was less significant (p<0.05) in lowering the elevated triglyceride and cholesterol levels. Whereas; methanolic (OMM, 200 and 400 mg/kg p.o.) and aqueous (OMW, 200 and 400 mg/kg p.o.) extracts substantially (p<0.01) showed antihyperlipidemic effect. From this study, it was concluded that the volatile oil and methanolic extract of Origanum majorana leaves could prove to be beneficial in management of NIDDM and its associated lipid imbalance.

Hydrothermal synthesis of p-type nanocrystalline NiO nanoplates for high response and low concentration hydrogen gas sensor application

Nakate, Umesh T.,Lee, Gun Hee,Ahmad, Rafiq,Patil, Pramila,Bhopate, Dhanaji P.,Hahn, Y.B.,Yu, Y.T.,Suh, Eun-kyung Elsevier 2018 CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL Vol.44 No.13

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>High quality nanocrystalline NiO nanoplates were synthesized using surfactant and template free hydrothermal route. The gas sensing properties of NiO nanoplates were investigated. The nanoplates morphology of NiO with average thickness ~ 20 nm and diameter ~ 100 nm has been confirmed by FE-SEM and TEM. Crystalline quality of NiO has been studied using HRTEM and SAED techniques. Structural properties and elemental compositions have been analyzed by XRD and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) respectively. The detailed investigation of structural parameters has been carried out. The optical properties of NiO were analyzed from UV–Visible and photoluminescence spectra. NiO nanoplates have good selectivity towards hydrogen (H<SUB>2</SUB>) gas. The lowest H<SUB>2</SUB> response of 3% was observed at 2 ppm, whereas 90% response was noted for 100 ppm at optimized temperature of 200 °C with response time 180 s. The H<SUB>2</SUB> responses as functions of different operating temperature as well as gas concentrations have been studied along with sensor stability. The hydrogen sensing mechanism was also elucidated.</P>

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of crude fractions of endophytic fungi of Ocimum sanctum Linn. in rats

Shukla, S.T.,Kulkarni, V.H.,Habbu, P.V.,Jagadeesh, K.S.,Patil, B.S.,Smita, D.M. 경희한의학연구센터 2012 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.12 No.2

Endophytic fungi are a rich source of novel organic compounds with interesting biological activities and a high level of biodiversity. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to isolate, characterize and screen the Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) root fungal endophytic fractions (TRF) for hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities. Endophytic fungi from Ocimum sanctum Linn. roots were isolated and cultured aseptically in PDA media. The full fledged grown fungus cultures were fermented in potato dextrose broth and fractionated using ethyl acetate. TRF-1 and TRF-2 were subjected free radical scavenging activities against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxyl free radicals and reducing power assay. TRF-1 was found to be potential free radical scavenger with $IC_{50}$ values of $71.83{\mu}g/ml$ for DPPH and $110.85{\mu}g/ml$ for hydroxyl radical respectively. TRF-1 and TRF-2 were further assessed for hepatoprotective activity in $CCl_4$ induced hepatotoxicity in-vivo. Results showed that TRF-1 (200 mg/kg p.o.) and TRF-2 (200 mg/kg p.o.) significantly reversed the actions of carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity, as evident by restoration of serum AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin, triglycerides and protein level to normal values as compared to $CCl_4$ treated group. Restoration of altered LPO (p<0.001), GSH (p<0.01) and catalase (p<0.01) by TRF-1 suggests that the hepatoprotective activity may be attributed to its antioxidant action. This was further supported by histopathological studies. TRF-1 was subjected to rDNA sequencing studies by PCR technique. Based on the morphological and molecular characterization, the fungus was identified as Paecilomyces variotti Bain. Therefore, endophytes from medicinal plants represent great potential for the discovery of new pharmacologically active metabolites.

Acetoclastic methanogenesis led by <i>Methanosarcina</i> in anaerobic co-digestion of fats, oil and grease for enhanced production of methane

Kurade, Mayur B.,Saha, Shouvik,Salama, El-Sayed,Patil, Swapnil M.,Govindwar, Sanjay P.,Jeon, Byong-Hun Elsevier Applied Science 2019 Bioresource Technology Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Fats, oil and grease (FOG) are energy-dense wastes that substantially increase biomethane recovery. Shifts in the microbial community during anaerobic co-digestion of FOG was assessed to understand relationships between substrate digestion and microbial adaptations. Excessive addition of FOG inhibited the methanogenic activity during initial phase; however, it enhanced the ultimate methane production by 217% compared to the control. The dominance of Proteobacteria was decreased with a simultaneous increase in Firmicutes, Bacteriodetes, Synergistetes and Euryarchaeota during the co-digestion. A significant increase in <I>Syntrophomonas</I> (0.18–11%), <I>Sporanaerobacter</I> (0.14–6%) and <I>Propionispira</I> (0.02–19%) was observed during co-digestion, which substantiated their importance in acetogenesis. Among methanogenic Archaea, the dominance of <I>Methanosaeta</I> (94%) at the beginning of co-digestion was gradually replaced by <I>Methanosarcina</I> (0.52–95%)<I>.</I> The absence/relatively low abundance of syntrophic acetate oxidizers and hydrogenotrophic methanogens, and dominance of acetoclastic methanogens suggested that methane generation during co-digestion of FOG was predominantly conducted through acetoclastic pathway led by <I>Methanosarcina</I>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The addition of fats, oil and grease enhanced ultimate methane production by 217%. </LI> <LI> Firmicutes, Bacteriodetes, Synergistetes and Euryarchaeota were greatly increased. </LI> <LI> Dominance of <I>Methanosaeta</I> was replaced by <I>Methanosarcina</I> at the end of digestion. </LI> <LI> Methane was predominantly generated through acetoclastic pathway by <I>Methanosarcina</I>. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Morphologically controlled electrodeposition of fern shaped Bi₂Te₃ thin films for photoelectrochemical performance

Patil, P.B.,Mali, S.S.,Kondalkar, V.V.,Mane, R.M.,Patil, P.S.,Hong, C.K.,Bhosale, P.N. Elsevier Sequoia 2015 Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry Vol.758 No.-

Bismuth telluride (Bi<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB>) thin films have been proved to be important materials for thermoelectric application. Rapid development of photovoltaic materials has raised new hopes due to directly converting sun light to electricity. We report here a simple electrochemical synthesis route for the preparation of well-defined Bi<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> nanostructures for photoelectrochemical solar cell application. Classification of crystal structure, surface morphology and elemental composition of resulting deposits were methodically characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and its photoelectrochemical performance (PEC). The potential range and electrochemical reactions relevant to the growth of Bi<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> thin films were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV). Furthermore, the influence of deposition variables such as applied deposition potential and effect of different surfactants (cationic, anionic and non-ionic) on morphology, crystal orientation associated with the film growth and photoelectrochemical performance were investigated systematically. The photoelectrochemical conversion efficiency recorded for Bi<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> is 0.083%.

Effect of different annealing environments on the solar cell performance of CdSe pebbles

Pawar, S.A.,Patil, D.S.,Suryawanshi, M.P.,Ghorpade, U.V.,Lokhande, A.C.,Park, J.Y.,Chalapathy, R.B.V.,Shin, J.C.,Patil, P.S.,Kim, J.H. Elsevier Science 2016 Acta materialia Vol.108 No.-

<P>Cadmium selenide pebbles have been synthesized by a simple and cost-effective chemical bath deposition method. In order to study the effect of different annealing environments, the CdSe thin films were annealed in air, nitrogen, argon and in a vacuum at 300 degrees C for 1 h. The optical, structural, compositional, and morphological properties of the films were then analyzed using UV-vis spectrophotometry, photoluminescence, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. XRD patterns revealed the formation of amorphous CdSe thin films. Annealing entails a change in crystal structure, from amorphous to hexagonal. The chemical composition and valence states of the constituent elements were analyzed by XPS. FESEM images showed the formation of CdSe pebbles in all the samples with voids between the pebbles, but the samples annealed in a vacuum had fewer voids than did other samples. Under AM 1.5G illumination, the photoanodes had an improved power conversion efficiency of 1.44% using an aqueous polysulfide electrolyte with a short-circuit photocurrent density of 11.3 mA cm(-2) when CdSe pebbles were annealed in a vacuum. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Photoelectrocatalysis of Cefotaxime Using Nanostructured TiO₂ Photoanode: Identification of the Degradation Products and Determination of the Toxicity Level

Kondalkar, Vijay V.,Mali, Sawanta S.,Mane, Rahul M.,Dandge, P. B.,Choudhury, Sipra,Hong, Chang K.,Patil, Pramod S.,Patil, Shivajirao R.,Kim, Jin H.,Bhosale, Popatrao N. American Chemical Society 2014 INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH - Vol.53 No.47

<P>Nanostructured TiO<SUB>2</SUB> thin films were fabricated via a facile, economical, and energy-efficient microwave-assisted dip-coating (MWDC) technique. Further, the resulting TiO<SUB>2</SUB> films were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, selected-area electron diffraction, Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy techniques for their phase structure, morphology, and optical and surface properties. TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-mediated photoelectrocatalytic degradation of the antibiotic cefotaxime (CFX) in an aqueous solution was studied by varying the pH under UV illumination. The degradation intermediates and possible reaction degradation path of CFX were analyzed by electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MS). The MS spectra revealed that degradation of CFX occurs through β-lactum corresponding to the cleavage of the cephem nucleus. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of CFX prior to and after photoelectrocatalytic degradation was carried out to analyze the toxicity against <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> and salmonella typhi bacteria. Interestingly, it was observed that the antibiotic activity was drastically inhibited after photoelectrocatalytic degradation of the CFX solution. The photoelectrocatalytic stability of a nanostructured TiO<SUB>2</SUB> electrode was evaluated by recycling the degradation experiments. It was observed that there was no significant decrease in the catalytic activity, indicating potential applications of the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> electrode prepared by the MWDC method.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/iecred/2014/iecred.2014.53.issue-47/ie501821a/production/images/medium/ie-2014-01821a_0014.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ie501821a'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

An approach towards TiO2 chrysanthemum flowers with tunable properties: influence of reaction time in hydrothermal process

Patil, P. B.,Mali, S. S.,Kondalkar, V. V.,Khot, K. V.,Mane, R. M.,Hong, C. K.,Patil, P. S.,Kim, J. H.,Bhosale, P. N. Springer Science + Business Media 2015 Journal of materials science Materials in electron Vol.26 No.8

Plant Extract: A Promising Biomatrix for Ecofriendly, Controlled Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles

Borase, H. P.,Salunke, B. K.,Salunkhe, R. B.,Patil, C. D.,Hallsworth, J. E.,Kim, B. S.,Patil, S. V. HUMANA PRESS INC 2014 Applied biochemistry and biotechnology Vol.173 No.1

Uses of plants extracts are found to be more advantageous over chemical, physical and microbial (bacterial, fungal, algal) methods for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesis. In phytonanosynthesis, biochemical diversity of plant extract, non-pathogenicity, low cost and flexibility in reaction parameters are accounted for high rate of AgNPs production with different shape, size and applications. At the same time, care has to be taken to select suitable phytofactory for AgNPs synthesis based on certain parameters such as easy availability, large-scale nanosynthesis potential and non-toxic nature of plant extract. This review focuses on synthesis of AgNPs with particular emphasis on biological synthesis using plant extracts. Some points have been given on selection of plant extract for AgNPs synthesis and case studies on AgNPs synthesis using different plant extracts. Reaction parameters contributing to higher yield of nanoparticles are presented here. Synthesis mechanisms and overview of present and future applications of plant-extract-synthesized AgNPs are also discussed here. Limitations associated with use of AgNPs are summarised in the present review.

TiO2 based nanostructured memristor for RRAM and neuromorphic applications: a simulation approach

Dongale T. D.,Patil P. J.,Desai N. K.,Chougule P. P.,Kumbhar S. M.,Waifalkar P. P.,Patil P. B.,Vhatkar R. S.,Takale M. V.,Gaikwad P. K.,Kamat R. K. 나노기술연구협의회 2016 Nano Convergence Vol.3 No.16

We report simulation of nanostructured memristor device using piecewise linear and nonlinear window functions for RRAM and neuromorphic applications. The linear drift model of memristor has been exploited for the simulation purpose with the linear and non-linear window function as the mathematical and scripting basis. The results evidences that the piecewise linear window function can aptly simulate the memristor characteristics pertaining to RRAM application. However, the nonlinear window function could exhibit the nonlinear phenomenon in simulation only at the lower magnitude of control parameter. This has motivated us to propose a new nonlinear window function for emulating the simulation model of the memristor. Interestingly, the proposed window function is scalable up to f(x) = 1 and exhibits the nonlinear behavior at higher magnitude of control parameter. Moreover, the simulation results of proposed nonlinear window function are encouraging and reveals the smooth nonlinear change from LRS to HRS and vice versa and therefore useful for the neuromorphic applications.