야간주차정책에 관한 연구

김광식,박훈립 국민대학교 생산기술연구소 2002 공학기술논문집 Vol.25 No.-

Vehicles must be parked at least temporarily at each end of a vehicular trip before the occupants can partake in their activity. Parking is therefore a fundamental component of urban transportation system. The parking problems however have been got from bad to worse due to high cost of parking improvement. The city governments have formulated the synthetic policies to solve the parking problems without considering the characteristics of night-parking. In this study the direction of the parking policies is presented.

Event Mean Concentrations (EMCs) and First Flush Characteristics of Runoff from a Public Park in Korea

Jung, Jae-Woon,Park, Ha-Na,Yoon, Kwang-Sik,Choi, Dong-Ho,Lim, Byung-Jin The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2013 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.56 No.6

Characteristics of non-point source (NPS) pollution runoff from a public park in Gwangju, Korea were investigated. Results exhibited the highest pollutant concentrations at the start of the rainfall events due to their build-up and wash off processes. The average event mean concentrations (EMCs) were 27.8, 7.2, 56.3, 7.5, and 0.84 mg/L (range: 4.2-54.8 mg/L) for COD, (0.5-20.8 mg/L) for TOC, (22.3-138.4) for SS, (1.4-18.5 mg/L) for T-N, and (0.17-2.02 mg/L) for T-P, respectively. The study site presented a strong first flush effect for most rainfall events. However, no first flush effect was observed in rainfall events with small rainfall factors (e.g. intensity, amount, and runoff depth). On the other hand, the ratios of total pollution loads discharged by the first 20% of runoff volume were 32% for COD, 34% for TOC, 36% for SS, 42% for T-N, and 50% for T-P. Especially, $MFF_{20}$ (mass first flush) values of T-N and T-P were larger than those of other pollutants (COD, TOC, SS), indicating that T-N and T-P are easily transported by stormwater runoff from the public park. First flush management of T-N and T-P, therefore, is required for efficient water quality management of the public park.

구강 내 미생물에 대한 서양산 고추냉이(Horseradish, Armoracia rusticana) 뿌리 천연추출물과 합성 Allyl isothiocyanate의 항균활성 비교

박광선,박호원,신일식,이주현,서현우 大韓小兒齒科學會 2009 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.36 No.2

서양산 고추냉이(Horseradish, Armoracia rusticana)의 항균 성분 중 주 성분인 Allyl isothiocyanate(AIT)는 천연물을 이용한 추출이나 유기합성을 통해서 얻을 수 있으며, 이제까지 사용되고 있는 항균제품 및 식품첨가물들은 주로 유기합성법에 의해서 얻어졌다. 이전 연구에서 서양산 고추냉이 천연추출물의 다양한 구강 내 미생물에 대한 항균활성은 보고된 바 있으나, 유기합성한 AIT용액의 구강 내 미생물에 대한 항균활성은 아직까지 연구된 바가 없다. 이에 본 연구에서는 유기합성을 통해 얻은 AIT 용액과 서양산 고추냉이 뿌리 천연추출물의 구강 내 미생물에 대한 항균활성을 평가하였다. 항균활성을 평가하기 위해 최소억제농도와 최소살균농도를 측정하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 본 연구에 사용된 7종의 구강 내 미생물에 대한 서양산 고추냉이 뿌리 천연추출물의 최소억제농도는 약 117~1,750 ppm(0.0117~0.175%)이었으며, 유기합성한 AIT용액의 최소억제농도는 약 344~3,000 ppm(0.0344~0.3%)으로 모든 균주에 대해 항균활성을 나타내었다. 2. 본 연구에 사용된 7종의 구강 내 미생물에 대한 서양산 고추냉이 뿌리 천연추출물의 최소살균농도는 약 625.2~6,000 ppm(0.06252~0.6%)이었으며, 유기합성한 AIT용액의 최소살균농도는 약 1,750~7,000 ppm(0.175~0.7%)이었다. Allyl isothiocyanate(AIT), the principle ingredient of antimicrobial ingredients from horseradish root, can be prepared from extracts of horseradish root or synthetic method. It is reported that the horseradish root extract has the antimicrobial effect against various oral microorganisms, while there is no further study about the antimicrobial effect against the oral microorganisms of synthetic AIT derived from synthetic method. The aim of the study is to compare the difference of the antimicrobial effect between horseradish root extracts and synthetic AIT. To evaluate the antimicrobial effect, we measured the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and the results are like following. 1. The MIC of horseradish root extract against 7 kinds of oral pathogenic microorganisms is about 117~1,750 ppm(0.0117~0.175%), and the MIC of the synthetic AIT is about 344~3,000 ppm(0.0344~0.3%), which have the antimicrobial effects against all kinds of microorganisms. 2. The MBC of the horseradish root extracts against the 7 kinds of oral microorganisms is about 625.2~6,000 ppm(0.06252~0.6%), and the MBC of the synthetic AIT is about 1,750~7,000 ppm(0.175~0.7%), which have the antimicrobial effects against all kinds of microorganisms.

정상인에서의 교감신경피부반응의 전도속도

정광익,김혜경,박동식 大韓再活醫學會 1998 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.22 No.4

원광 뇌졸중 등록 자료를 통한 허혈성 뇌졸중의 임상 양상과 위험인자

박현영,장혁,박성욱,김요식,조광호 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1999 圓光醫科學 Vol.15 No.2

Background: To investigate clinical features and risk factors of stroke patients who lived in Korean rural area, we analysis Wonkwang Stroke Registry and compared with other studies. Methods: We filled out Stroke Registry in the consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke from march 1997 to February 1999. We analyzed demographic data, risk factors and subtypes of stroke. All patients were divied into 3 groups according to their age. Stroke subtype was classified into large artery atherosclerosis(LAA),small vessel occlusion(SVO), cardioembolism(CE), stroke of other determined etiology(SOE), and stroke of undetermined etiology(SUE) by TOAST(Trial of Org 10172 in Actue Stroke Treatment). Results: Five hundred nine patients were included in Wonkwang Stroke Registry from march 1997 to February 1999. Mean age was 65.47±0.48 years old. The ratio of males to females was 1 : 0.78. SVO was the most frequent subtype(49%) of ischemic stroke, and then followed by LAA(27.5%), CE(7%), SOE(8.1%), and SUE(8.4%). The internal carotid artery(ICA) territory was involved in 59.3% patients. Vertebrobasilar artery territory involvement was noted in 37.5%, and 3.2% of patients showed multiple artery territory involvement. All patients had risk factor of ischemic stroke except for 14 patients. Mean number of risk factors was 1.7/patient. Hypertension(62.1%) was the most frequent risk factor, and follwed by smoking(26.3%), diabetes mellitus(25.9%), and hyperlipidemia(25.55%). Conclusions: These results showed that the proportion of ischemic stroke subtype was not concordant with other studies. It may be caused by different mode of living and ethnic difference. This study may afford further information on the characteristics of Korean rural area stroke.

응급센터에 내원한 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환 환자에 대한 고찰

박승회,백광제,홍윤식 대한응급의학회 1993 대한응급의학회지 Vol.4 No.2

Chronic Obstrcitive Pulmonary Diseases(COPDs) produce significant morbvidity and mortality in human lives. COPD is a progressive disease that coexists with emphysema and chronic brochitis. The critical episodes depend on inciting or aggravating factors which can be classified into 3 ways. First, disease related aggravation. Second, Patient related aggravation. Third, Physician related(latrogenic). The authors reviewed 102 COPD patients who came to Korea University Hospital Emergency Medical center from March of 1992 to February of 1993. 1) Males were more frequently affected than females, and male to female ratio was 2.64 : 1 2) The average age of the patients were 62.8 years old. 3) The average number of hospital admission was 2.5 times and one patient was admitted 9 times for the same disease. 4) On an average, the patients had dyspneic symptoms for 15.6 years and the symptoms had developed since they were 47.8 years old. 5) The ratio between smokers and nonsmokers were3 2.1 : 1, the smokers had smoked for 36.3 years and the average amount of smoking was 1.5 pack per day. 6) After admission, sputum culture and sensitiveity test were done and the results were as follows : nonspceific organums 47 cases(46.0%), streptococcus 23 cases(22.5%), Pseudomonas 15 cases(14.7%), Hemophilus influenza 7 cases(6.8%), Klebsiella 5 cases(4.9%), Actinomycosis 3 cases (2.9%), Staphylococcus 2 cases(1.9%) 7) Aggravation factors for dyspnea were as follows : Upper Respiratory Tract Infection 40 cases(39.2%), Smoking 2.5 cases(24.5%), Pneumothorax 11 cases(10.8%), Pneumonia 7 cases(6.8%), Unknown origin 19 cases(18.6\%) 8) Prognosis after hospital admission were classified into 6 groups : 1. completely recovered 2. almost recovered 3. no improvement 4. hopeless discharge 5. expired within 48 hrs. 6. expired after 48hrs. The results were as follows : 87.3%(89 cases) discharged in almost recovered stated state, 1.9%(2 cases) discharged with no improvement, 4.9%(5 cases) were hoplessly discharged, 2.9%(3 cases) expired within 48 hrs, 2.9%(3 cases) expired after 48 hrs.

이단평행봉과 철봉에서의 드가체프동작 분석

박광동,안완식,김혜영 한국운동역학회 2001 한국운동역학회지 Vol.11 No.3

This study has carried out a survey on the motion staying in the air at the uneven bars by 3 successful female and 3 national level male champions in order to verify whether or not the Horizontal Bar developed Tkatchev motion can be applied to the Uneven Bars for the purpose to utilize such principles at guiding champions. This study were sampled to be photographed by 100 frames/sec, using a 16mm high-speed camera. 11 joint points of their bodies were digitized by each two frames, while the data developed by Kown Young-hoo for a 2D analysis were used to analyze the programmed data in a kinematic way. The activity has resulted in as follows. To summarize the above, in the event that we accelerate the vertical ascension velocity of phase D.V.P at the Uneven Bars, and then make a small extension by lifting the vertical position at phase Rel., we could take stable T.B posture lifting the vertical position both at phase P.H and T.B. This kind of motion was determined to be able to apply the a promoted type of Tkatchev motion of the Horizontal Bar to the exercise of the Uneven Bars.

분말야금법을 이용한 TiNi기 형상기억 복합재료의 기계적특성에 관한 연구

박영철,윤두표,박민식,김광영 동아대학교 공과대학부설 생산기술연구소 1997 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.1

In this study, It is introduced that TiNi/Al-radical shape memory composite as one of new material that used shape memory alloy (SMA). It is a method to produce a better strength of composite by occuring compressive residual stress in matrix, using shape memory effect of TiNi fiber. This method os replaced of tensile residual stress happened by difference of coeffients of thermal expansion (CTE) between fiber and matrix, one of the significant faults of metal matrix composite (MMC). In this paper, shape memory composites are made by powder metallurgy. And then, an self-strengthening effect of the composites by shape memory effect above inverse transformation temperature A_f of TiNi alloy are discussed. Moreover, TiNiCo/Al composites is made by using TiNiCo alloy as fiber. And it is discussed about affection of Co in the shape memory composite. The results of the intelligent properties of TiNi/Al-radical shape memory composite, using SMA, by powder metallurgy are the tensile strength of TiNiCo wire is much higher than that of TiNi wire and the strength of TiNiCo/Al composite is generally higher than of TiNi/Al composite.

流動空氣의 放電特性解析

朴元柱,李廣植 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 1984 연구보고 Vol.12 No.1

This paper shows the characteristics of sparkover discharge in flowing air with needle-needle gap. The results abtained from this study are as follows. 1) The sparkover voltage shows the nearly maximum value when the Reynolds number of flowing air ranges 9×10⁴to 10??. 2) Discharge path of flowing air can be analyzed by the theories of velocity for the gas. 3) The proportion of Sparkover voltage to Reynolds number increase with decreasing Reynolds number.

고교 운동선수들의 학교생활 적응과정에 대한 질적 접근

박상식,김광휘 대구대학교 인문과학 예술문화연구소 2002 人文科學硏究 Vol.23 No.-