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ACCase 저해 제초제 cyhalofop-butyl에 대한 경남지방 수집종 피의 저항성
원종찬,원옥재,하준,임일빈,강광식,변종영,박기웅,이증주,Won, Jong Chan,Won, Ok Jae,Ha, Jun,Im, Il-Bin,Kang, Kwang Sik,Pyon, Jong Yeong,Park, Kee Woong,Lee, Jeung Joo 한국잡초학회한국잔디학회 2018 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.7 No.2
Repeated use of ACCase inhibiting herbicides for a long time has resulted in increases of resistant Echinochloa oryzicola populations in paddy fields in middle west area of Korea. This study aims to investigate current status of herbicide resistant E. oryzicola in Gyeongsangnam-do, in which there is less information about herbicide resistance. For resistance frequency and dose-response study, seeds from 100 individual plants of E. oryzicola in Gyeongsangnam-do were collected and tested with cyhalofop-butyl. Seven percent of plants from Gyeongsangnam-do was resistant at a recommended rate of cyhalofop-butyl. $GR_{50}$ values (herbicide rates required to reduce plant growth 50%) for one representative resistant populations and five susceptible populations were $738g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$ and 66-234 (average 147)$g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$, respectively, indicating average 5 times difference in resistance. Although lower rate of frequency of herbicide resistance in Gyeongsangnam-do than in Jeollabuk-do, increases of herbicide resistance are expected in this area because of increases of direct seeded rice fields and increases of dependence on a specific herbicide. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor herbicide resistance regularly and conduct integrated herbicide resistance management in this area. 경남지역 제초제 저항성 피의 발생현황과 저항성 정도를 알아보기 위하여 벼 재배 논에서 100개체의 피 종자를 수집하여 ACCase 저해제인 cyhalofop-butyl에 대한 약량반응 실험을 수행한 결과, 수집한 피의 7%가 저항성으로 조사되었다. 선발된 감수성 5개체의 $GR_{50}$값은 평균 $147g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$로 나타났고, 함양 지역의 저항성 개체의 $GR_{50}$값은 $738g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$ 로 R/S (ratio of resistance to sensitivity)값은 5.01배로 나타났다. 현재 경남지역에서의 저항성 피의 발생 수준은 낮은 것으로 나타났지만, 저항성 피의 확산을 지연시키거나 막기 위해서는 주기적인 저항성 피의 모니터링과 체계적인 저항성 잡초 관리방안을 마련하여 수행할 필요가 있다.
Pascua, Philippe Noriel Q.,Song, Min-Suk,Kwon, Hyeok-Il,Lim, Gyo-Jin,Kim, Eun-Ha,Park, Su-Jin,Lee, Ok-Jun,Kim, Chul-Joong,Webby, Richard J.,Webster, Robert G.,Choi, Young-Ki American Society for Microbiology 2013 Journal of virology Vol.87 No.19
<P>We previously reported that influenza A/swine/Korea/1204/2009(H1N2) virus was virulent and transmissible in ferrets in which the respiratory-droplet-transmissible virus (CT-Sw/1204) had acquired simultaneous hemagglutinin (HA<SUB>D225G</SUB>) and neuraminidase (NA<SUB>S315N</SUB>) mutations. Incorporating these mutations into the nonpathogenic A/swine/Korea/1130/2009(H1N2, Sw/1130) virus consequently altered pathogenicity and growth in animal models but could not establish efficient transmission or noticeable disease. We therefore exploited various reassortants of these two viruses to better understand and identify other viral factors responsible for pathogenicity, transmissibility, or both. We found that possession of the CT-Sw/1204 tripartite viral polymerase enhanced replicative ability and pathogenicity in mice more significantly than did expression of individual polymerase subunit proteins. In ferrets, homologous expression of viral RNA polymerase complex genes in the context of the mutant Sw/1130 carrying the HA<SUB>225G</SUB> and NA<SUB>315N</SUB> modifications induced optimal replication in the upper nasal and lower respiratory tracts and also promoted efficient aerosol transmission to respiratory droplet contact ferrets. These data show that the synergistic function of the tripartite polymerase gene complex of CT-Sw/1204 is critically important for virulence and transmission independent of the surface glycoproteins. Sequence comparison results reveal putative differences that are likely to be responsible for variation in disease. Our findings may help elucidate previously undefined viral factors that could expand the host range and disease severity induced by triple-reassortant swine viruses, including the A(H1N1)pdm09 virus, and therefore further justify the ongoing development of novel antiviral drugs targeting the viral polymerase complex subunits.</P>
Capsaicin effects on brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rat dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord
Ha, Sun-Ok,Yoo, Hea-Jin,Park, So-Yun,Hong, Hae-Sook,Kim, Dong-Sun,Cho, Hee-Jung 경북대학교 병원 2002 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.6 No.1
The effects of capsaicin systemically administered in adult rats, with the major focus on the expression of brain-derived neurotropic factor(BDNF) and its mRNA in the dorsal root ganalion(DRG) and spinal code, has been investigated by means of immuno-histochemistry and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions.The percentage of BDNF-immunoreative neurons in the L5 DRG was found to increase significantly 1 day after capsaicin injection. Subsequently, it decreased slowly returning to near normal levels 1 week later.Four weeks post-injection, a significant reduction to below normal levels was observed. The temporal pattern of BDNF mRNA expression in the DRG was similar to BDNF-immnmoreactivity. In the spinal cord, 1 and 3 days post-injection, no changes in the expression of the BDNF-immunoreactive axonal fibers was noted. However, the expression had decreased significantly after 1 and 4 weeks. The mechanism by which capsaician induces changes in expression of BDNF in DRG neurons and the functional significance of the rapid increase in BDNF levels in the DRG is discussed briefly.
Endoribonucleolytic Cleavage of m<sup>6</sup>A-Containing RNAs by RNase P/MRP Complex
Park, Ok Hyun,Ha, Hongseok,Lee, Yujin,Boo, Sung Ho,Kwon, Do Hoon,Song, Hyun Kyu,Kim, Yoon Ki Elsevier 2019 Molecular cell Vol.74 No.3
<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P> <I>N</I> <SUP>6</SUP>-methyladenosine (m<SUP>6</SUP>A) is the most abundant internal modification in RNAs and plays regulatory roles in a variety of biological and physiological processes. Despite its important roles, the molecular mechanism underlying m<SUP>6</SUP>A-mediated gene regulation is poorly understood. Here, we show that m<SUP>6</SUP>A-containing RNAs are subject to endoribonucleolytic cleavage via YTHDF2 (m<SUP>6</SUP>A reader protein), HRSP12 (adaptor protein), and RNase P/MRP (endoribonucleases). We demonstrate that HRSP12 functions as an adaptor to bridge YTHDF2 and RNase P/MRP, eliciting rapid degradation of YTHDF2-bound RNAs. Transcriptome-wide analyses show that m<SUP>6</SUP>A RNAs that are preferentially targeted for endoribonucleolytic cleavage have an HRSP12-binding site and a RNase P/MRP-directed cleavage site upstream and downstream of the YTHDF2-binding site, respectively. We also find that a subset of m<SUP>6</SUP>A-containing circular RNAs associates with YTHDF2 in an HRSP12-dependent manner and is selectively downregulated by RNase P/MRP. Thus, our data expand the known functions of RNase P/MRP to endoribonucleolytic cleavage of m<SUP>6</SUP>A RNAs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> m<SUP>6</SUP>A-containing RNAs are degraded by an endoribonucleolytic cleavage pathway </LI> <LI> A YTHDF2-HRSP12-RNase P/MRP axis contributes to m<SUP>6</SUP>A-mediated RNA decay </LI> <LI> An interaction between YTHDF2 and RNase P/MRP is bridged by HRSP12 </LI> <LI> m<SUP>6</SUP>A-containing circular RNAs are degraded by the YTHDF2-HRSP12-RNase P/MRP pathway </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
HA, Eun-Suk,LEE, Eun-Ok,YOON, Taek-Joon,KIM, Jin-Hyung,PARK, Jong-Oh,LIM, Nak-Cheol,JUNG, Sung-Ki,YOON, Byung-Soo,KIM, Sung-Hoon WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2004 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2004 No.-
Spatholobi Caulis has been used in Oriental medicine to treat cancer and blood stasis. In this study, the methylene chloride fraction of Spatholobi Caulis (MCSC) was examined to determine if it possesses anti-cancer activity via its apoptosis-inducing activity. MCSC exhibited a strong cytotoxic effect against human monocyte leukemia U937 cells (IC_(50)=15.1 μg/ml). A TUNEL assay showed that the MCSC caused a characteristic ladder pattern of discontinuous DNA fragments and apoptotic bodies. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed that MCSC significantly increases the number of apoptotic cells stained by annexin V^(+)/PI^(-) cells. Western blotting revealed that MCSC activated caspase-3 expression and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in a concentration-dependent manner. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) demonstrated that MCSC significantly activated the caspase-3 activity compared with the untreated control by. Taken together, these results suggest that MCSC can induce apoptosis in U937cells via the caspase dependent pathway.