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Okamoto,Toshio Korean Society for Educational Technology 1999 International Journal of Educational Technology Vol.1 No.1
By a rapid development of information and communication technologies, people have been able to communicate each other from far sites. So, the next networked society gives birth to new paradigm of education. This paper describes the comprehensive curriculum and school infrastructure of Information Technology-education(IT-education). The importance of IT-education was already acknowledged in 1987 renewal of the official course of study at school. The nationwide school curriculum at that time was "distributive one", and each subject involved an allocation of curriculum unit handling "IT-education." It is called "Cross Curriculum." However, it is noteworthy that "informatics based thinking/viewpoints" and "system science based thinking/viewpoints" are not applied in school subjects in the course of study at school. It is necessary to set IT-education as "Informatics for all." Moreover, there is an urgent necessity of making traditional subjects and this new education united as "comprehensive curriculum." JSET (Joint Society of Educational Technology) research-working group on developing curriculum of IT-education suggests a new plan of school course of study, compiling requirements, significance, and demands concerning IT-education, which is becoming increasingly important in highly technological society. The contents of the report are summarized in this paper. On drafting this report, we tried to investigate and discuss what kind of rationale for IT-education is essential to construct its curriculum. As the result of it, we proposed the well-balanced and integrated curriculum among knowledge and literacy on Information Technology, knowledge on each existential subject and thinking skills based on System Science.
Animal Production and Phytodiversity in Semi-natural Grasslands of the Aso Region, Japan
Okamoto Chinobu,Kiyotaka Kabata 한국생태학회 2004 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.27 No.4
In this review, we present the results of our ten years of study on beef cattle production as a means of preserving phytodiversity and landscape in the semi-natural grasslands of the Aso region of Japan. There are about 16,000 ha of semi-natural grasslands in the region. The grasslands are maintained for animal production through such activities as grazing, mowing, and controlled burning. The Shannon s diversity index values, as measured in the present study, were higher in the grazed sites than in the abandoned sites. The grazing activities thus seem to create suitable habitats for coexisting herbaceous species. The grassland grazed moderately over a long term was able to sustain more animals than the grassland unused over a long term.
PARTICLE POOL SIZE AND TURNOVER RATE OF INGESTA IN THE RETICULO-RUMEN OF NORMAL AND ABSESSED SHEEP
Okamoto, M.,Miyazaki, H.,Oura, R.,Sekine, J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1990 Animal Bioscience Vol.3 No.3
Sixteen mature sheep were fed chaffed orchardgrass hay once a day for 7 days. In 7th day, four sheep were slaughtered either prior to eating, 2, 8 or 16 hours after the commencement of eating to measure digesta pool size and particle size distribution in the reticulo-rumen. One sheep slaughtered at 8 hours after feeding had absesses at the cardia and in the lungs and could not ruminate normally. Time spent eating and rumination in the sheep on the day before slaughtering were 85 and 29 (pseudo-rumination 227) minutes a day, compared to those were 112 and 277 minutes in the other animals, respectively. Total actual chewing time in the sheep with absesses and the other animals were 98 and $373{\pm}132$ minutes, respectively. Dry matter(DM) intake in the sheep was $2.9g/kgBW^{0.75}$ which was only about 17% of that in the other animals. The pool sizes of reticulo-rumen DM and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were somewhat smaller in the sheep than the others. The pool sizes of large particle (>1.18mm) DM and NDF in the animal were similar with those in the other animals. Mean DM retention time in the sheep was 207.4 hours which was about 4.2 times longer than that in the other animals.
Multi-view Display with Hologram Screen using Three-dimensional Bragg Diffraction
Okamoto, Masaaki,Shimizu, Eiji The Korean Infomation Display Society 2002 Journal of information display Vol.3 No.3
Multi-view function is important to three-dimensional displays without dedicated glasses. It is the reason that the observers earnestly desire to change their positions freely. Multi-viewing is also principal to the reality of three-dimensional (3D) image displayed on the screen. The display of projection type has the advantage that the number of viewing points can be easily increased according to the number of projectors. The authors research on multi-view projection display with hologram screen. Powerful directionality of the diffracted beam from hologram screen is required unlike two-dimensional (2D) display. We developed a new method that all diffracted beams satisfied the same Bragg condition and became sufficiently bright to observe the 3D image under usual indoor light. The principle is based on the essential Bragg diffraction in the three-dimensional space. Owing to such three-dimensional Bragg diffraction we achieved an excellent hologram screen that could be multiple reconstructed in spite of single recording. This hologram screen is able to answer arbitrary numbers of viewing points within wide viewing zone. The distortion of 3D image becomes also sufficiently small with the method of dividing the cross angle between illumination and diffraction beam.