Increased Hypermethylation of Glutathione S-Transferase P1, DNA-Binding Protein Inhibitor, Death Associated Protein Kinase and Paired Box Protein-5 Genes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Saudi Females

Hafez, Mohamed M.,Al-Shabanah, Othman A.,Al-Rejaie, Salim S.,Al-Harbi, Naif O.,Hassan, Zeinab K.,Alsheikh, Abdulmalik,Theyab, Abdurrahman I. Al,Aldelemy, Meshan L.,Sayed-Ahmed, Mohamed M. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.2

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer (BC) with higher metastatic rate and both local and systemic recurrence compared to non-TNBC. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) secondary to oxidative stress is associated with DNA damage, chromosomal degradation and alterations of both hypermethylation and hypomethylation of DNA. This study concerns differential methylation of promoter regions in specific groups of genes in TNBC and non-TNBC Saudi females in an effort to understand whether epigenetic events might be involved in breast carcinogenesis, and whether they might be used as markers for Saudi BCs. Methylation of glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1), T-cadherin (CDH13), Paired box protein 5 (PAX5), death associated protein kinase (DAPK), twist-related protein (TWIST), DNA-binding protein inhibitor (ID4), High In Normal-1 (HIN-1), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (p16), cyclin D2 and retinoic acid receptor-${\beta}$ ($RAR{\beta}1$) genes was analyzed by methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) in 200 archival formalin-fixed paraffin embedded BC tissues divided into 3 groups; benign breast tissues (20), TNBC (80) and non-TNBC (100). The relationships between methylation status, and clinical and pathological characteristics of patients and tumors were assessed. Higher frequencies of GSTP1, ID4, TWIST, DAPK, PAX5 and HIN-1 hypermethylation were found in TNBC than in non-TNBC. Hypermethylation of GSTP1, CDH13, ID4, DAPK, HIN-1 and PAX5 increased with tumor grade increasing. Other statistically significant correlations were identified with studied genes. Data from this study suggest that increased hypermethylation of GSTP1, ID4, TWIST, DAPK, PAX5 and HIN-1 genes in TNBC than in non-TNBC can act as useful biomarker for BCs in the Saudi population. The higher frequency of specific hypermethylated genes paralleling tumor grade, size and lymph node involvement suggests contributions to breast cancer initiation and progression.

A highly efficient computational discrimination among Streptococcal species of periodontitis patients using 16S rRNA amplicons

Al-Dabbagh, Nebras N.,Hashim, Hayder O.,Al-Shuhaib, Mohammed Baqur S. The Microbiological Society of Korea 2019 미생물학회지 Vol.55 No.1

Due to the major role played by several species of Streptococcus in the etiology of periodontitis, it is important to assess the pattern of Streptococcus pathogenic pathways within the infected subgingival pockets using a bacterial specific 16S rRNA fragment. From the total of 50 patients with periodontitis included in the study, only 23 Streptococcal isolates were considered for further analyses, in which their 16S rRNA fragments were amplified and sequenced. Then, a comprehensive phylogenetic tree was constructed and in silico prediction was performed for the observed Streptococcal species. The phylogenetic analysis of the subgingival Streptococcal species revealed a high discrimination power of the 16S rRNA fragment to accurately identify three groups of Streptococcus on the species level, including S. salivarius (14 isolates), S. anginosus (5 isolates), and S. gordonii (4 isolates). The employment of state-of-art in silico tools indicated that each Streptococcal species group was characterized with particular transcription factors that bound exclusively with a different 16S rRNA-based secondary structure. In conclusion, the observed data of the present study provided in-depth insights into the mechanism of each Streptococcal species in its pathogenesis, which differ in each observed group, according to the differences in the 16S rRNA secondary structure it takes, and the consequent binding with its corresponding transcription factors. This study paves the way for further interventions of the in silico prediction, with the main conventional in vitro microbiota identification to present an interesting insight in terms of the gene expression pattern and the signaling pathway that each pathogenic species follows in the infected subgingival site.

Coaching Intervention Indices as Predictors of Effective Coaching among Nigerian Coaches

O. A. Adegbesan,A.S Chidi,O. M. Jaiyeoba,S. Mohammed,G. U. A. Ekpo 한국코칭능력개발원 2014 International Journal of Coaching Science Vol.8 No.2

The purpose of this research was the investigation of coaching intervention behavior as predictors of effective coaching. We adopted a descriptive research design of correlation type to gain an in-depth understanding of the participants’ views on the coaching intervention and effective coaching practice variables. The participants used for this study were 50 male and 34 female athletes with mean age (mean = 24.52; SD 9.4). Their sport involvement is athletics, judo, swimming, volleyball, handball and table tennis. The measures used were Perceived Coaching Intervention Questionnaire (r=.84) and Effective Coaching Scale (r=.79). The results shows positive correlations between Effective Coaching and Encouragement (r=.514**, P<.05), Technical Information (r=.614**, P< .05), Negative Feedback (r=.591**, P<.05) Positive feedback (r=.585**, P<.05). 46.9% of the variance in the dependent variables was explained by four predictor variables when taken together. Conclusively, it was identified that positive feedback was the most potent of the four interventions as perceived by the athletes. The recognition of these excellent intervention coaching practice along the various sporting pathway may supports developments in models and frameworks for sport in Nigeria and globally.

Synthesis of New 2-Thiouracil-5-Sulphonamide Derivatives with Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity

O. A. Fathalla,S. M. Awad,M. S. Mohamed 대한약학회 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.11

2-Thiouracil-5-sulphonic acid N-(4-acetylphenyl) Amide (1) was reacted with a series of aromatic aldehydes giving chalcones 2 (Claisen-Schemidt reaction), some of these chalcones were reacted with urea and thiourea giving pyrimidine-2-one and pyrimidine-2 thione derivatives respectively of the type 3a,b and 4a,b. In addition many chalcones were reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride giving isoxazoline derivatives 5a,b. They could also reacted with phenylhydrazine to give pyrazoline derivatives 6a,b, chalcones also were reacted withethylcyano acetate and/or malononitryl in pyridine giving pyran derivatives 7a,c and 8a,c. In another pathway chalcones were epoxidised by H2O2 giving epoxides 9a,c which in turn were reacted with phenylhydrazine giving 4-hydroxypyrazoline derivatives 10a,c. In another reaction chalcones were reacted with ethylcyanoacetate in presence of amm.acetate giving pyridone derivatives 11a,d which could be prepared also in exellent yield from compound 1 by its reaction with certain aromatic aldehydes and ethylcyanoacetate in presence of ammonium acetate. Finally, compound 1 was reacted with semicarbazide giving semicarbazone intermediate 12 which in turn was reacted with thionyl chloride giving thiadiazole derivative 13. The biological effects of some of the new synthesized compounds were also investigated.

Palm Oil Fuel Ash: Promising Supplementary Cementing Materials

S. O. Bamaga,M. W. Hussin,Mohamed A. Ismail 대한토목학회 2013 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.17 No.7

Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) is by-product obtained by burning of fibers, shells and empty fruit bunches as fuel in palm oil mill boilers. In this investigation, three ashes were collected from different palm oil mills around Malaysia and namely CAPOFA,ALPOFA and KTPOFA. The ashes were ground to 45 μm before replace 20% by weight of cement in concrete and mortar. The compressive strength of concretes containing POFA was tested at ages of 7, 28 and 90 days. For durability aspects, concretes and mortars were prepared to investigate the chloride and sulfate resistance respectively in accordance with appropriate ASTM standards. Rapid Chloride Penetration Test (RCPT) was conducted in accordance with ASTM C1202 to investigate the ability of concretes containing POFA to resist the penetration of chloride ions. Change in length and microstructure study for mortar bars containing POFA immersed in sodium sulfate were conducted to evaluate the effects of sulfate attack on POFA mortars. Concrete and mortar specimens were prepared using plain portland cement in order to use as control specimens. At age of 90 days, the results of compressive strength of all POFA concretes were higher than control concrete. All concretes containing POFA showed higher potential to resist chloride ions penetration compared to control concrete. All mortar bars containing POFA showed lower expansion and less porous structure than control mortar. Depending on the results of this investigation, it could be concluded that POFA could be successfully used as supplementary cementing materials to replace 20% of cement in concrete and mortar.

Synthesis of New 2-Thiouracil-5-Sulfonamide Derivatives with Biological Activity

O.A.Fathalla,W.A.Zaghary,H.H.Radwan,S.M.Awad,M.S.Mohamed 대한약학회 2002 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.25 No.3

A time series pre-processing methodology with statistical and spectral analysis for classifying non-stationary stochastic biosignals

Fong, S.,Cho, K.,Mohammed, O.,Fiaidhi, J.,Mohammed, S. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 The Journal of supercomputing Vol.72 No.10

<P>Biosignal classification is an important non-invasive diagnosis tool in biomedical application, e.g. electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), and electromyogram (EMG) that helps medical experts to automatically classify whether a sample of biosignal under test/monitor belongs to the normal type or otherwise. Most biosignals are stochastic and non-stationary in nature, that means their values are time dependent and their statistics vary over different points of time. However, most classification algorithms in data mining are designed to work with data that possess multiple attributes to capture the non-linear relationships between the values of the attributes to the predicted target class. Therefore, it has been a crucial research topic for transforming univariate time series to multivariate dataset to fit into classification algorithms. For this, we propose a pre-processing methodology called statistical feature extraction (SFX). Using the SFX we can faithfully remodel statistical characteristics of the time series via a sequence of piecewise transform functions. The new methodology is tested through simulation experiments over three representative types of biosignals, namely EEG, ECG and EMG. The experiments yield encouraging results supporting the fact that SFX indeed produces better performance in biosignal classification than traditional analysis techniques like Wavelets and LPC-CC.</P>

Synthesis of New 2-Thiouracil-5-Sulphonamide Derivatives with Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity

Fathalla O. A.,Awad S. M.,Mohamed M. S. The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.11

2-Thiouracil-5-sulphonic acid N-(4-acetylphenyl) Amide (1) was reacted with a series of aromatic aldehydes giving chalcones 2 (Claisen-Schemidt reaction), some of these chalcones were reacted with urea and thiourea giving pyrimidine-2-one and pyrimidine-2 thione derivatives respectively of the type 3a,b and 4a,b. In addition many chalcones were reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride giving isoxazoline derivatives 5a,b. They could also reacted with phenylhydrazine to give pyrazoline derivatives 5a,b, chalcones also were reacted withethylcyano acetate and/or malononitryl in pyridine giving pyran derivatives 7a,c and 8a,c. In another pathway chalcones were epoxidised by $H_{2}O_{2}$ giving epoxides 9a,c which in turn were reacted with phenylhydrazine giving 4-hydroxypyrazoline derivatives 10a,c. In another reaction chalcones were reacted with ethylcyanoacetate in presence of amm.acetate giving pyridone derivatives 11a,d which could be prepared also in exellent yield from compound 1 by its reaction with certain aromatic aldehydes and ethylcyanoacetate in presence of ammonium acetate. Finally, compound 1 was reacted with semicarbazide giving semicarbazone intermediate 12 which in turn was reacted with thionyl chloride giving thiadiazole derivative 13. The biological effects of some of the new synthesized compounds were also investigated.

Synthesis of New 2-Thiouracil-5-Sulfonamide Derivatives with Biological Activity

Fathalla, O.A.,Zaghary, W.A.,Radwan, H.H.,Awad, S.M.,Mohamed, M.S. The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2002 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.25 No.3

2-Thiouracil-5-sulfonylchloride 1 reacted with a series of aromatic and heterocyclic amines to give 2a-j. The same compound 1 was reacted with a series of sulphonamides giving different sulphonamides of type 3a-e. On the other hand compound 1 was allowed to react with p-aminoacetophenone givining compound 4 which in turn was allowed to react with derivatives of alkyl thiosemicarbazides to give thiosemicarbazones of type 5a-e, also compound 4 was monobrominated to give compound 6 which in turn was reacted thiosemicarbazones of some aldehydes to give the corresponding thiazole derivatives 7a-f. In the same time compound 4 was reacted with a series of aromatic and heterocyclic aldehydes givining chalcones 8a-g (Claisen-Schemidt reaction). Also compound 4 was allowed to react with a series of aromatic and heterocyclic aldehydes, ethyl cyano acetate and/or malononitrile, and ammonium acetate giving pyridine derivatives 9a-d and 10a-e respectively. The biological effects of some of the new synthesized compounds was also investigated.

Enhanced desalination performance of capacitive deionization using zirconium oxide nanoparticles-doped graphene oxide as a novel and effective electrode

Yasin, A.S.,Mohamed, H.O.,Mohamed, I.M.A.,Mousa, H.M.,Barakat, N.A.M. Elsevier Science B.V 2016 Separation and purification technology Vol.171 No.-

Due to its eco-friendly and low energy technique for removing salt ions from saline water, capacitive deionization (CDI) is highly recommended as a desalination process. Based on its good features, large surface area and good electric conductivity, graphene oxide is a promising electrode in the CDI technology if the specific capacitance could be enhanced. In this study, to improve the electrochemical performances, novel ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles-incorporated graphene oxide nanosheets with different concentrations were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal treatment, their electrosorption characteristics in CDI unit were examined. The morphology, structure and electrochemical performance of the fabricated materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The capacitive and electrosorption performances in NaCl solution were studied. Moreover, the role of ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> loading was investigated. The introduced ZrO<SUB>2</SUB>-doped graphene oxide showed a distinct improvement in the electrosorption capacity and revealed higher specific capacitance compared to the pristine graphene oxide. The obtained results indicated that the synthesized ZrO<SUB>2</SUB>-doped graphene oxide nanocomposite having 10wt.% ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> displayed a significant increase in the specific capacitance as the corresponding value (452.06F/g) was nine folds more than that of the pristine GO at 10mV/s. Moreover, the same electrode exhibits great cycling stability, excellent salt removal efficiency (93.03%), and distinct electrosorptive capacity (4.55mg/g). Overall, the proposed GO/ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticle composite electrode is appropriate for utilizing as optimum electrodes for the CDI technique.