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A case of treatment-induced neuropathy in an adolescent with type 1 diabetes
Niranjana Varadharaju,Dhivyalakshmi Jeevarathnam,Mahalakshmi Rajan,Vinoth Ponnurangam Nagarajan,Saji James 대한소아내분비학회 2019 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.24 No.3
Treatment-induced neuropathy (TIN) in diabetes is an acute and painful yet completely reversible small fiber neuropathy precipitated by a rapid improvement in glycemic control. TIN is rare in children. A 16-year-old girl developed symmetrical painful neuropathy of the foot, autonomic neuropathy, and retinopathy 5 weeks after the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. All causative workups were negative except for a drop-in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) from 17.4% to 7%, which fit with a diagnosis of TIN. Following symptomatic management, her neuropathy and retinopathy completely resolved in 2 months. Currently, she is 18 years old and doing well (HbA1c, 7.4%) without any recurrence of TIN. TIN should be suspected in any child presenting with recent-onset type 1 diabetes and acute onset neuropathy. Our case represents an unreported scenario of the rapid progression in TIN. Awareness among clinicians about this rare but completely reversible condition is necessary to ensure proper management and adherence to glycemic control.
Biosafety and Toxicological Evaluation of Tissue-Cultured Echinacea purpurea Adventitious Roots
Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy,So-Young Park,Eun Jeong Lee,Kee Yoeup Paek 한국원예학회 2015 원예과학기술지 Vol.33 No.1
Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench (purple cone flower) is an important medicinal plant; it can enhance immunity, relieve pain, and reduce inflammation, and also has hormonal, antiviral, and antioxidant effects. Adventitious root biomass of Echinacea purpurea was produced in commercial-scale bioreactors for use as a dietary supplement in the food industry and in traditional medicine. Biosafety and toxicological evaluations of tissue-cultured Echinacea purpurea adventitious roots (TCEPARs) were performed. Reverse mutation and chromosomal aberration tests showed no significant mutagenicity. Furthermore, repeated four-week oral dose tests performed in Sprague-Dawley rats did not show any notable changes in the general behavior of the rats, in the gross appearance of their internal organs, or in their mortality rate. There were no differences between the control group and the treatment group in parameters such as absolute body weight, hematology, blood chemistry, and absolute and relative organ weights. These findings indicate that TCEPARs are safe and nontoxic when consumed at an average dietary level and can be used as raw material for traditional medicine and the food industry.
Biosafety and Toxicological Evaluation of Tissue-Cultured Echinacea purpurea Adventitious Roots
Murthy, Hosakatte Niranjana,Park, So-Young,Lee, Eun Jeong,Paek, Kee Yoeup Korean Society of Horticultural Science 2015 원예과학기술지 Vol.33 No.1
Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench (purple cone flower) is an important medicinal plant; it can enhance immunity, relieve pain, and reduce inflammation, and also has hormonal, antiviral, and antioxidant effects. Adventitious root biomass of Echinacea purpurea was produced in commercial-scale bioreactors for use as a dietary supplement in the food industry and in traditional medicine. Biosafety and toxicological evaluations of tissue-cultured Echinacea purpurea adventitious roots (TCEPARs) were performed. Reverse mutation and chromosomal aberration tests showed no significant mutagenicity. Furthermore, repeated four-week oral dose tests performed in Sprague-Dawley rats did not show any notable changes in the general behavior of the rats, in the gross appearance of their internal organs, or in their mortality rate. There were no differences between the control group and the treatment group in parameters such as absolute body weight, hematology, blood chemistry, and absolute and relative organ weights. These findings indicate that TCEPARs are safe and nontoxic when consumed at an average dietary level and can be used as raw material for traditional medicine and the food industry.
Ginsenosides: prospective for sustainable biotechnological production
Murthy, Hosakatte Niranjana,Georgiev, Milen I.,Kim, Yun-Soo,Jeong, Cheol-Seung,Kim, Sun-Ja,Park, So-Young,Paek, Kee-Yoeup Springer-Verlag 2014 Applied microbiology and biotechnology Vol.98 No.14
<P>Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (ginseng) is a well-known medicinal plant that has been traditionally used in the oriental countries for centuries. Wild ginseng is a scarce and rare commodity. Field cultivation of the ginseng plant is a time-consuming and labor-intensive process. Ginsenosides, a group of glycosylated triterpenes, also known as saponins, are the principal bioactive constituents of ginseng. The use of cell and organ culture processes has been sought as a potential alternative for the efficient mass production of ginseng raw material. Various bioprocessing strategies have been developed to date. Cells and adventitious roots have been cultured in large-scale bioreactors and various strategies have been developed accordingly for the enhancement of biomass and ginsenoside accumulation. This review highlights the recent progress in the cultivation of ginseng cell and organ cultures for the production of ginsenosides from bioreactor cultures. In addition, the metabolism and biochemistry of ginsenoside biosynthesis, genomic and proteomic studies in ginseng, metabolic engineering, biosafety, toxicological evaluation, and efficacy assessment of ginseng raw material are also summarized and thoroughly discussed.</P>
Synergistic effect of clay and polypropylene short fibers in epoxy based ternary composite hybrids
Prabhu, T. Niranjana,Demappa, T.,Harish, V.,Prashantha, K. Techno-Press 2015 Advances in materials research Vol.4 No.2
Polypropylene short fiber (PP)-clay particulate-epoxy ternary composites were prepared by reinforcing PP short fiber and clay particles in the range of 0.1 phr to 0.7 phr into epoxy resin. Prepared hybrid composites were characterized for their mechanical, thermal and flame retardant properties. The obtained results indicated an increase in impact resistance, tensile strength, flexural strength and Young's modulus to an extent (up to 0.5 phr clay and 0.5 phr PP short fiber) and then decreases as the reinforcing phases are further increased. The thermal stability of these materials are found to increase up to 0.2 phr clay and 0.2 phr PP addition, beyond which it is decreased. Addition of clay is found to have the negative effect on epoxy-PP short fiber composites, which is evident from the comparison of mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy-0.5 phr PP short fiber composite and epoxy-0.5 phr PP short fiber-0.5 phr clay composite hybrid. UL-94 tests conducted on the composite hybrids have showed a reduction in the burning rate. Morphological observations indicated a greater fiber pull with the addition of clay. The performed tests in the present study indicated that materials under investigation have promising applications in construction, agriculture and decorative purposes.
황호동,한종은,Murthy Hosakatte Niranjana,권혁준,이건명,신재혁,박소영 한국식물생명공학회 2022 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.16 No.2
Adventitious roots were induced from root explants of Angelica acutilobaand suspension cultures were established in shake flasks. The effect of different concentrations of indole acetic acid (IBA, 0–38.4 µM), the strength of the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (0.5–2 ×), the concentration of sucrose (10–70 g·L−1), inoculum density (2.5–10 g·L−1) were determined for accumulation biomass. The optimized conditions for adventitious root biomass accumulation were found to be full-strength MS medium supplemented with 29.5 µM IBA, 30 g·L−1 of sucrose, and 5 g·L−1 of inoculum density. With optimized con- dition, adventitious root suspension cultures were established in 3 L capacity airlift bioreactors using 2 L of MS medium. Chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid were increased 4.9 (117.7 mg g·g−1 DW) and 1.9 times (47.2 mg g·g−1 DW), respectively, compared to control (0 week) after 4 weeks of culture in the optimized conditions. The results suggested that the harvested adventitious root biomass could able accumulate higher concentrations of chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid which could be used industrial purpose as a biomaterials.
Cui Xi-Hua,Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy,Zhang Ji-De,Song Hang-Lin,Jiang Yin-Ji,Qi Wen-Wen,Li Yong Yi,백기엽,박소영 한국식물생명공학회 2020 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.14 No.3
In this study, we aimed to verify the effect of nutritional factors on the accretion of secondary metabolites in the adventitious root (AR) cultures of Malaysian ginseng (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) grown in small-scale bioreactors. AR were induced from leaf explants and cultured in different types of media including Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, Driver Kuniyuki Walnut (DKW) medium, Gamborg’s B5 medium, Woody Plant Medium (WPM), and ¾ MS medium. Among these media, the MS and Gamborg’s B5 media induced lateral root development from initial inoculum, which accounted for the increase in AR biomass accretion. By contrast, the DKW and WPM media did not induce lateral root formation from the cultured explants. The ¾ MS medium was optimal for the growth of AR and accretion of secondary metabolites, after 7 weeks of culture, the biomass of AR increased by 8.6-fold in ¾ MS medium, and the total phenolic and flavonoid contents reached 5.23 and 2 mg g−1 of tissue dry weight, respectively. Analysis of mineral elements in the spent medium revealed that ¾ MS medium was most suitable for nutrient supply to developing AR. LC–MS analysis showed the accretion of eurycomanone, a therapeutically useful metabolite, in the AR of Malaysian ginseng.
Kyu-Man Shim,Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy,So-Young Park,Ibrahim Rusli,Kee-Yoeup Paek 한국원예학회 2015 원예과학기술지 Vol.33 No.2
Eurycoma longifolia is an important rare medicinal plant that contains valuable bioactive compounds. In the present study, cell suspension culture of E. longifolia was established for the production of biomass and phenolic compounds. Various medium parameters, such as concentration of auxin, salt strength of the medium, and sucrose and nitrogen concentrations, were optimized for the production of biomass at the flask-scale level. Full strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3.0 ㎎·L<SUP>-1</SUP> naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 3% (w/v) sucrose, 0:60 NH₄⁺:NO₃⁻ was found suitable for biomass accumulation. Based on the optimized flask-scale parameters, cell suspension cultures were established in balloon-type bubble bioreactors, and bioprocess parameters such as inoculum density and aeration rate were optimized. Inoculum density of 50 g·L<SUP>-1</SUP> and increasing aeration rate from 0.05 to 0.3 vvm, with increases every 7 days, were suitable for the accumulation of both biomass and phenolic compounds. With the optimized conditions, 14.70 g·L<SUP>-1</SUP> dry biomass, 10.33 ㎎·g<SUP>-1</SUP> DW of phenolics and 3.89 ㎎·g<SUP>-1</SUP> DW of flavonoids could be achieved. Phenolics isolated from the cell biomass showed optimal free radical scavenging activity.