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        Highly crystalline bilayer electron transport layer for efficient conjugated polymer solar cells

        Cheng Xu,Matthew Wright,Naveen Kumar Elumalai,Arafat Mahmud,Dian Wang,Mushfika Baishakhi Upama,Faiazul Haque,Ashraf Uddin 한국물리학회 2018 Current Applied Physics Vol.18 No.5

        Solution processed solar cells are a promising renewable energy technology due to the low fabrication costs. The most commonly used electron transport layer for solution processed organic solar cells is ZnO. However, sol-gel derived ZnO is amorphous, which limits interfacial charge transport. In this study, we demonstrate a ZnO bilayer, composed of a nanoparticle ZnO and sol-gel derived ZnO layer, as the electron transport layer in polymer solar cells incorporating the novel polymer poly [(5,6-difluoro-2,1,3-benzothiadiazol-4,7-diyl)-alt-(3,3‴-di (2-octyldodecyl)-2,2′; 5′,2″; 5″,2‴-quaterthiophen-5,5‴-diyl)] (PffBT4T-2OD). Compared with the single layer sol-gel ZnO, the bilayer displayed enhanced crystallinity. Consequently, the interfacial transport from the active layer was improved, as evidenced by dark J-V and PL spectroscopy measurements. Solar cells incorporating this bilayer ZnO layer achieved PCE values exceeding 10%, a relative improvement of 25% compared to the sol-gel ZnO devices.

      • KCI등재

        High performance semitransparent organic solar cells with 5% PCE using non-patterned MoO3/Ag/MoO3 anode

        Mushfika Baishakhi Upama,Matthew Wright,Naveen Kumar Elumalai,Md Arafat Mahmud,Dian Wang,Kah Howe Chan,Cheng Xu,Faiazul Haque,Ashraf Uddin 한국물리학회 2017 Current Applied Physics Vol.17 No.2

        Semitransparent organic solar cells are a promising approach to smart window applications and building integration. Here, we demonstrate a high performance semitransparent organic solar cell that incorporates the low bandgap polymer, PTB7, in the photoactive layer and a simple, non-patterned Dielectric/Metal/Dielectric or D/M/D anode (MoO3/Ag/MoO3). The combination of excellent photovoltaic properties of PTB7:PC71BM based solar cell and transparency of the MoO3/Ag/MoO3 anode resulted in an impressive power conversion efficiency of 5% at 18.3% visible light transmission. By tuning the active layer and outer MoO3 layer thicknesses, devices with ~25% average visible transmission were fabricated, which is considered as a benchmark transmittance for window applications. Transfer matrix modelling (TMM) was used to optimise the active layer and electrode thickness in terms of the optical field in the active layer. Additionally, the color rendering ability was found to be dependent on the active layer thickness, as well as the electrode. Device properties were studied from the perspectives of color rendering property, photovoltaic performance and theoretical optical field distribution.

      • KCI등재

        Advances in stable and flexible perovskite solar cells

        Qamar Wali,Faiza Jan Iftikhar,Naveen Kumar Elumalai,Yaseen Iqbal,Sidra Yousaf,Shahid Iqbal,Rajan Jose 한국물리학회 2020 Current Applied Physics Vol.20 No.5

        Roll-to-roll (R2R) production is an innovative approach and is fast becoming a very popular industrial method for high throughput and mass production of solar cells. Replacement of costly indium tin oxide (ITO), which conventionally has served as the transparent electrode would be a great approach for roll to roll production of flexible cost effective solar cells. Indium tin oxide (ITO) and fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) are brittle and ultimately limit the device flexibility. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been the centre of photovoltaic research community during the recent years owing to its exceptional performance and economical prices. The best reported PSCs fabricated by employing mesoporous TiO2 layers require elevated temperatures in the range of 400–500 °C which limits its applications to solely glass substrates. In such a scenario developing flexible PSCs technology can be considered a suitable and exciting arena from the application point of view, them being flexible, lightweight, portable, and easy to integrate over both small, large and curved surfaces.

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