The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) as a Cognitive Screening Tool in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Flá,via Nardes,Alexandra Prufer de Queiroz Campos Araú,jo,Má,rcia Gonç,alves Ribeiro,Maí,ta Bittar,Hanid Fontes Gomes 대한소아신경학회 2020 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.28 No.2

Purpose: Given that intellectual disability affects 15% to 63% of boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), it is relevant to evaluate if the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a reliable test for screening in these cognitively impaired boys. Methods: A descriptive study of 74 DMD boys was performed. Age, years of schooling, genotype, and performance in the MMSE and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)-IV were verified. Results: Sixty-seven patients, with a mean of age 12.1±3 years were enrolled. Verbal comprehension (76.9±13.9) and working memory (71.2±16.7) indexes showed the highest impairment. Correlation between the MMSE (20.3±6.1) and WISC-IV (74.4±15.6) was moderate (r=0.556). Conclusion: The MMSE is a good cognitive screening test for DMD patients of 9 years and older, particularly in countries where the public health system does not provide expensive neuropsychological batteries, and has 78% accuracy and 82% sensitivity for scores ≤21. Subtests of the MMSE with better discriminatory power (for orientation, attention, and calculation) can help educators, teachers, and families to develop simple activities or academic games that enhance such mental skills.

Thermotropic Phase Transition of Benzodithiophene Copolymer Thin Films and Its Impact on Electrical and Photovoltaic Characteristics

Ko, Sangwon,Kim, Do Hwan,Ayzner, Alexander L.,Mannsfeld, Stefan C. B.,Verploegen, Eric,Nardes, Alexander M.,Kopidakis, Nikos,Toney, Michael F.,Bao, Zhenan American Chemical Society 2015 Chemistry of materials Vol.27 No.4

<P>We observed a thermotropic phase transition in poly[3,4-dihexyl thiophene-2,2′:5,6′-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene] (<B>PDHBDT</B>) thin films accompanied by a transition from a random orientation to an ordered lamellar phase via a nearly hexagonal lattice upon annealing. We demonstrate the effect of temperature-dependent molecular packing on charge carrier mobility (μ) in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and photovoltaic characteristics, such as exciton diffusion length (<I>L</I><SUB>D</SUB>) and power conversion efficiency (PCE), in organic solar cells (OSCs) using <B>PDHBDT</B>. The μ was continuously improved with increasing annealing temperature and <B>PDHBDT</B> films annealed at 270 °C resulted in a maximum μ up to 0.46 cm<SUP>2</SUP>/(V s) (μ<SUB>avg</SUB> = 0.22 cm<SUP>2</SUP>/(V s)), which is attributed to the well-ordered lamellar structure with a closer π–π stacking distance of 3.5 Å as shown by grazing incidence-angle X-ray diffraction (GIXD). On the other hand, <B>PDHBDT</B> films with a random molecular orientation are more effective in photovoltaic devices than films with an ordered hexagonal or lamellar phase based on current–voltage characteristics of <B>PDHBDT</B>/C60 bilayer solar cells. This observation corresponds to an enhanced dark current density (<I>J</I><SUB>D</SUB>) and a decreased <I>L</I><SUB>D</SUB> upon annealing. This study provides insight into the dependence of charge transport and photovoltaic characteristics on molecular packing in polymer semiconductors, which is crucial for the management of charge and energy transport in a range of organic optoelectronic devices.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/cmatex/2015/cmatex.2015.27.issue-4/cm503773j/production/images/medium/cm-2014-03773j_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/cm503773j'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Breeding of Ornamental Bulbous Plants

Marcel Le Nard 한국원예학회 2000 원예과학기술지 Vol.18 No.2

The unusual protoplanetary disk around the T Tauri star ET Chamaeleontis

Woitke, P.,Riaz, B.,Duchê,ne, G.,Pascucci, I.,Lyo, A.-R.,Dent, W. R. F.,Phillips, N.,Thi, W.-F.,Mé,nard, F.,Herczeg, G. J.,Bergin, E.,Brown, A.,Mora, A.,Kamp, I.,Aresu, G.,Brittain, S.,de G EDP Sciences 2011 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.534 No.1

L’écriture numérique: entre norme et variation sociolinguistique (le cas de Mayotte)

Fabien Liénard,Sabrina Bevilacqua 고려대학교 응용문화연구소 2016 에피스테메 Vol.0 No.16

Digital tools are everywhere: they occupy a great part of our day even all of it, whoever we are and wherever we are. At the end of 2016, we will reach the number of 3.5 billions of Internet users worldwide, including 48 millions in France. The French people have never used so many digital devices and one of the most common uses is the digital communication. This digital communication is pluri-semiotic: it’s done by voice, by image and by writing. This kind of numerical writing is what we are interested in this article. We will explain what these kind of writers produce with it: - A variety of handwriting composed of “écrilectes” (Laroussi & Liénard, 2013; Liénard, 2014a); - “Technological discursive traces” (Paveau, 2013) being all of them a sort of identity marks (Bevilacqua, 2016); - Or a handwriting variation from a particular language, sometimes, "among other languages" (Laroussi & Liénard, 2008, Liénard, 2014b). This last aspect, in particular, it will lead us to focus our interest in the numerical writing of multilingual writers. Based on Jim Cummins’ works (1984, 2000), we will try to describe the Mahoran’s literacy skills who write this type of language nowadays, and write the languages of Mayotte in the digital networks. Les outils numériques sont partout: ils occupent une grande partie de notre journée, même tous, quel que soit notre pays et où que nous soyons. À la fin de 2016, nous atteindrons le nombre de 3,5 milliards d'internautes dans le monde, dont 48 millions en France. Le peuple français n'a jamais utilisé autant de dispositifs numériques et l'un des usages les plus courants est la communication numérique. Cette communication numérique est pluri-sémiotique: elle se fait par voix, par image et par écrit. Ce genre d'écriture numérique est ce qui nous intéresse dans cet article. Nous allons expliquer ce que ces types d'écrivains produisent avec elle: - Une variété d'écriture composée de "écrilectes" (Laroussi & Liénard, 2013; Liénard, 2014a); - Les «traces discursives technologiques» (Paveau, 2013) étant toutes des marques d'identité (Bevilacqua, 2016); - Ou une variante manuscrite d'une langue particulière, parfois "entre autres langues" (Laroussi & Liénard, 2008, Liénard, 2014b). Ce dernier aspect, en particulier, nous conduira à focaliser notre attention sur l'écriture numérique des écrivains multilingues. Sur la base des travaux de Jim Cummins (1984, 2000), nous tenterons de décrire les compétences linguistiques des Mahorais qui écrivent ce type de langue de nos jours et d'écrire les langues de Mayotte dans les réseaux numériques.

Approche sociopragmatique des écritures dans la ville: le cas de Mamoudzou à Mayotte

Fabien Liénard 고려대학교 응용문화연구소 2015 에피스테메 Vol.0 No.13

The city is a territory that forms an urban unit in which live and actof Women and Men. The city evolves, it changes continually undergoingactions (voluntary or not) of those who inhabit it. They build it andsometimes demolish. They embellish or pollute. They draw, they drawand they write. It is precisely the writings in the city that interest us inthis article. So we try to produce a typology of urban writing by trying todetermine systematically how these scriptures participate in the constructionof the city, the construction of meaning in the city and the city. Toillustrate, we will offer special writings collected in a particular city ... Wedo not say no more wishing to demonstrate how the territory, history,population, culture (etc.) weigh on the interpretation, Understanding theseurban tracks. La ville est un territoire qui forme une unité urbaine au sein delaquelle vivent et agissent des Femmes et des Hommes. La ville évoluedonc, elle se transforme continuellement subissant les actions (volontairesou non) de celles et ceux qui l’habitent. Ils la construisent et parfois la démolissent. Ils l’embellissent ou lapolluent. Ils la dessinent, ils y dessinent et ils y écrivent. C’est justementles écritures dans la ville qui nous intéressent dans cet article. Nous tenterons donc de produire une typologie des écritures urbainesen tentant de déterminer, systématiquement, combien ces écrituresparticipent à la construction de la ville, à la construction du sens dans laville et de la ville. En guise d’illustration, nous proposerons des écrituresparticulières recueillies dans une ville particulière… Nous n’en disons pasdavantage souhaitant démontrer combien le territoire, l’histoire, lapopulation, la culture (etc.) pèsent sur l’interprétation, la compréhensionde ces traces urbaines.

Differences in Caco-2 Cell Attachment, Migration on Collagen and Fibronectin Coated Polyelectrolyte Surfaces

N. Zanina,L. Mora,A. Othmane,M. Bénard,A. Duncan,T. Jouenne,D. Vaudry,M. Souiri 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.1

Metastasis mechanisms depend on cell metabolism changes, migration and adhesion to different tissues. To understand their choice of interaction site, the tumoral cell adhesion to model surfaces was studied. The response of Caco-2 tumoral cells cultured on polyelectrolyte filmfunctionalized surfaces with or without adhesion proteins (fibronectin or collagen IV) was analyzed. Using the layerby-layer method, multilayer films were prepared with cationic poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and anionic poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) polyelectrolytes. Film surface wettability was evaluated. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses were carried out to control the elaborated surfaces on which Caco-2 tumoral cells were cultured. The cell velocity was studied by video-microscopy and a cell colorimetric assay (WST-1) was used to quantify cell viability. The film surface parameters as well as the protein nature and localization in the film were found to modulate cell response. Results demonstrated that the cancer cell motility and proliferation were higher when cultured onto pure collagen located above the polyelectrolyte film and that the reverse surprisingly was observed when proteins were inserted into the polyelectrolyte film. Data also showed that cell motility was correlated with a high charge transfer resistance (Rct) and a low surface free energy (SFE)polar component (electron donor character). This relationship was valid only for pure external proteins. Thus, fibronectin exhibited a low Rct and a high SFE polar component,which decreased cell motility and proliferation.