Concurrent Relations of Commodity Futures

Namkoong,Hongseok,Kim, Woochang 대한산업공학회 2011 대한산업공학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.11

Literatures have focused on the relationship between basis, cost of storage and convenience yield, as given by the Theory of Storage. However, the relations among futures contracts should be considered as a whole, upon discussion of futures-spot relationships: futures curve reflects inventory level and the risk premium and thus the dynamics of future spot price. Here the predictive ability of the futures curve over future spot price dynamics is empirically proven. When the futures curve is highly volatile, market participants’ expectation on inventory and risk premium vary. As this discrepancy widen, spot inventory is deemed unstable. Thus, spot price rises for a short time. But then, as inventory restores itself, spot mean reverts, making a sharp market correction. An investment strategy that predicts spot price crashes using the futures curve is devised. Equal weight portfolio of 26 commodities is used. Results corroborate the conjecture; it predicts major market crashes. Result indicates that contemporary relations among futures contracts are crucial in futures-spot relationships. This result expands the view offered by the Theory of Storage by highlighting the importance of relationship among futures contracts.

MoSi2 의 초음파에 관한 기초적 연구

김유철,남궁재관 한국산업안전학회 1994 한국안전학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Ultrasonic for MoSi₂/Y. C. Kim, C. K. Namkoong/MoSi₂ in the silicides has excellence in the oxidation and corrosion resistence. When the solid state bonding sintered-MoSi₂/metal or the thermal sprayed coating by powder-MoSi₂ on the metal are carried out, the defects may be occured at the bonded surface. So, the method for evaluating the existence of the defects by non-destructive inspection is strongly desired. Here, the characteristics of ultrasonic for sintered-MoSi₂ are elucidated and the possibility of the detection of defects using by ultrasonic is investigated.

Voltage Control of Distribution Networks to Increase their Hosting Capacity in South Korea

NamKoong Won,Jung Won-Wook,Shin Chang-Hoon,Hwang Pyeong-Ik,Jang Gilsoo 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.3

This paper presents the results of a study of a voltage management technology called parameter determination of voltage regulator (PDVR) implemented in a 22.9 kV distribution network. Korea Electric Power Corporation has developed this PDVR technology for increasing the hosting capacity without causing any voltage problems in LV (220/380 V) networks. PDVR calculates and provides the operation settings of voltage regulators such as on load tap changer, pole mounted automatic voltage regulator, and distributed generation (DG). Subsequently, these settings are applied to the voltage regulators, which further optimize the 22.9 kV network voltage without the control of the distribution management system (DMS). A study of the operations and performance of PDVR through the analysis of test results is presented in this paper.

Mechanical Stress Distribution and the Effects of Process Parameter Changes in Vertical NAND Flash Memory

Namkoong, Yeon,Yang, Hyung Jun,Song, Yun Heub American Scientific Publishers 2017 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.17 No.7

<P>We investigated the stress distribution and electrical characteristics according to changes in the process parameters in a vertical NAND (VNAND) flash cell with a poly-Si channel. We used technology computer-aided design to confirm that process parameters changes affect the stress distribution in a VNAND flash cell and the stress in the poly-Si channel. Also, we found that, as the stress distributions changed, the electrical characteristics depended significantly on the annealing temperature, channel hole angle, and tungsten intrinsic stress in a VNAND flash cell. Thus, the industry needs to develop and apply better process parameters and acquire a better understanding of how the electrical characteristics of a VNAND flash cell depend on those parameters.</P>

Immunomodulatory Effects of Eisenia bicyclis on Innate Immune Cells in Acute Exercise-Stress Rat Model

NamKoong, Seung,Cheoung, Eui-Su,Joo, Hae-Mi,Jang, Seon-A,Yang, Yoon-Jung,Kang, Se-Chan,Jang, Ki-Hyo,Sohn, Eun-Hwa The Plant Resources Society of Korea 2011 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.24 No.3

In this study we investigated effects of supplementation with ethyl acetate extracts of the brown alga Eisenia bicyclis on innate immune cells to evaluate the possibilities as an immunomoulator in exercise stress. Twenty male SD rats were divided into four groups and the treatments were as follows: A, no Eisenia bicyclis extract (EBE) (200 mg/kg) intake and maintained at rest ; B, no EBE intake and undergoing exercise ; C, EBE intake and undergoing exercise ; D, EBE intake and maintained at rest. After 5 weeks of oral supplementation, rats were undergoing intensive swimming exercises for 2 h and sacrificed to assess the effects on peritoneal macrophages, spleen cells and natural killer (NK) cells. We showed increasing effects on nitric oxide-inducible nitric oxide synthase (NO-iNOS) production by macrophages and no effects of NK tumoricidal activity and suppressive effects on spleen cell proliferation in exercise group. However, EBE supplementation suppressed NO-iNOS production by macrophages and increased NK tumoricidal activity and spleen cell proliferative response to mitogen in exercise group. Overall, these results that EBE supplementation has differential effects on innate immune response and could be useful as sports nutrition.

Detection of c-K-ras Point Mutation in Ovarian Cancer

Namkoong, Sung Eun,Lee, Joon Mo,Kim, Jin Woo,Han, Sang Kyun,Kim, Heung Kee,Park, Jong Sup,Kim, Seung Jo CATHOLIC MEDICAL CENTER 1994 Bulletin of the Clinical Research Institute Vol.22 No.1

To detect the point mutation of c-k-ras in ovarian cancer, GGT of codon 12 was replaced by GAT, AGT, TGT and GTT, then we performed polymerase chain reaction and agarose gel electrophoresis and confirmed it using Southern blot hybrization with digoxygenin detection system. The frequency of c-k-ras point mutation was compared with the clinico-pathological characteristics of 37 ovarian cancer patients. The incidences of four-typed point mutations of K-ras oncogene in 37 ovarian cancers were 35.1%(13/37) and distribution were 32.4%(12/37), 2.7%(1/37), 0%(O/37) and 0%(O/37) in GGT to GAT, GGT to AGT, GGT to TGT, and GGT to GTT, respectively. The incidence of K-ras point mutations on codon 12 among 37 patients with ovarian cancer according to histological type was 35.5%(8/22) with serous cystadenocarcinomns, 28.6%(2/7) with mucinous cystadenocarcinomas. Comparing the positive rate of K-ras point mutations on code 12 among 37 patients with ovarian cancer in different clinical stages, point mutation was detected in 14.3%(1/7) with stage Ⅰ, 28.6%(2/7) with stage Ⅱ, and 43.5%(10/23) with stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ and there was statistically significant increasement of point mutations of K-ras oncogene with advance of the clinical stage of ovarian cancer (P<0.05). The incidence of K-ras point mutntions on codon 12 among 33 patients with ovarian cancer who were performed pelvic lymph node dissection was 52.4%(l1/21) of the patients with positive pelvic lymph node metastases and 16.7%(2/12) of the patients without pelvic lymph node metastasis and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The activation of ras oncogene seems to be a major implication of the multistep process of ovarian carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Furthermore, the point mutation of c-K-ras gene could occur more frequently in the patients of ovarian cancer in far advance stage, and the those with pelvic lymph node metastases than in those without pelvic lymph node metastases, suggesting the role in tumor invasion and metastases.

The Effect of Picibanil on Cell-Immunity in Patients with Gynecological Malignant Tumor

Namkoong, Sung Eun,Lee, Joon Mo,Lee, Hun Young,Jung, Jae Keun,Kim, Seung Jo CATHOLIC MEDICAL CENTER 1986 Bulletin of the Clinical Research Institute Vol.14 No.1

Natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity(NKMC), total, helper and suppressor T-cells were measured before and 4 weeks after treatment with 0.5-3.0 KE of OK-432 in the patients with trophoblastic disease which were divided into 2 subgroups of low risk (n=10) and high risk (n=11), and compared with those in normal control group (n=9). In the group of low risk trophoblastic disease no change was noted in any of all parameters after treatment. However, in the group of high risk trophoblastic disease, NKMC as well as total and helper T-cells before treatment were significantly lower while suppressor T-cells were higher than those in normal control. And all above data before treatment were definitely reversed after treatment except NKMC that remained unchanged. Considering above results OK-432 may play an important role in host defense mechanism through lymphokine or humoral immune response by increasing the ratio of helper to suppressor T-cells rather than increasing NKMC.

기 · 고계 유동층의 2 상 Model 에 대한 이론적 고찰

남궁식,문세기 한국화학공학회 1968 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.6 No.4

Mathematical models have been used to evaluate the relative importance of bubble rising with coalescence, mixing of particles in the dense phase, chemical reaction bubble cloud, and diffusion between bubble and dense phase of gas flluidized catalsyt bed, Over a certain range of operating conditions. The comparison between the models and kinetic data of isomerization reaction of n-Butene(Namkoong et, al) shows that the fluid in the dense phase is well mixed and the rate of reaction in the bubble cloud is small compared to the rate of convective exchange between two phases.

Contour machining error in NC milling process

Namkoong, Chaikwan,Yellowley, I. 한국공작기계학회 2001 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.10 No.6

The comprehensive system analysis for contour milling operation has performed in this study, which combined the each element with proper connectivity into closed loop system, and determined the system response by numerical simulation technique. The obtained simulated results were then compared with the experimental results from the practical points of view, and so forth, the governing equations were formulated into the estimation model, which predicted the total contour machining error within 25% accuracy. Through the procedural evaluation, it could ascertain the characteristics of generation mechanics in circular contour machining error, and the weight of each factor.

GENETIC STUDIES OF KOREAN POPULATION : 24. GENETIC POLYMORPHISM OF APOLIPOPROTEIN A-Ⅳ AND APOLIPOPROTEIN E^1

NAMKOONG, YONG,KIM, YUNG JIN,LEE, CHUNG CHOO 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1993 연구논문집 Vol.13 No.-

As a part of research for clarifying the genetic composition of Korean population, phenotypes and allele frequencies of Apo A-Ⅳ and Apo E in human plasma have been studied using polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting techniques. Blood samples were obtained from healthy individuals living in Seoul. Kangnung and Cheju, Korea. Two phenotypes of Apo A-Ⅳ controlled by two alleles were appeared in Korean population. The calculated allele frequencies of Apo A-Ⅳ*1 and Apo A-Ⅳ*2 were 0.9851 and 0.0149, respectively. There were four phenotypes for Apo E in Korean population. On the basis of 3 alleles for Apo E, allele frequencies of Apo E*2, Apo E*3 and Apo E*4 were 0.0054, 0.8216, and 0.1730, respectively.