PtdIns4P synthesis by PI4KIIIα at the plasma membrane and its impact on plasma membrane identity

Nakatsu, Fubito,Baskin, Jeremy M.,Chung, Jeeyun,Tanner, Lukas B.,Shui, Guanghou,Lee, Sang Yoon,Pirruccello, Michelle,Hao, Mingming,Ingolia, Nicholas T.,Wenk, Markus R.,De Camilli, Pietro The Rockefeller University Press 2012 The Journal of cell biology Vol.199 No.6

<P>Plasma membrane phosphatidylinositol (PI) 4-phosphate (PtdIns4P) has critical functions via both direct interactions and metabolic conversion to PI 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P<SUB>2</SUB>) and other downstream metabolites. However, mechanisms that control this PtdIns4P pool in cells of higher eukaryotes remain elusive. PI4KIIIα, the enzyme thought to synthesize this PtdIns4P pool, is reported to localize in the ER, contrary to the plasma membrane localization of its yeast homologue, Stt4. In this paper, we show that PI4KIIIα was targeted to the plasma membrane as part of an evolutionarily conserved complex containing Efr3/rolling blackout, which we found was a palmitoylated peripheral membrane protein. PI4KIIIα knockout cells exhibited a profound reduction of plasma membrane PtdIns4P but surprisingly only a modest reduction of PtdIns(4,5)P<SUB>2</SUB> because of robust up-regulation of PtdIns4P 5-kinases. In these cells, however, much of the PtdIns(4,5)P<SUB>2</SUB> was localized intracellularly, rather than at the plasma membrane as in control cells, along with proteins typically restricted to this membrane, revealing a major contribution of PI4KIIIα to the definition of plasma membrane identity.</P>

Endovascular Reintervention for Stent-Graft Dislocation after Open Surgical Conversion for Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm Treated by Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair

Tomoki Nakatsu,Shinsuke Kikuchi,Hiroyuki Miyamoto,Fumiaki Kimura 대한혈관외과학회 2022 Vascular Specialist International Vol.38 No.4

Complex anatomical restrictions can lead to further interventions after the emergence of a postoperative aneurysm enlargement in thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for a thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA). A 75-year-old male underwent a TEVAR for a Crawford extent I TAAA. The main device and the distal extension were placed using a fenestrated technique, outside of the instructions for use. The aneurysm expanded because of an endoleak and stent graft migration; and was surgically repaired by fully salvaging the previous endografts 38 months after the first TEVAR. However, the distal extension, which was the proximal anastomosis site with a prosthetic graft, became completely dislocated from the main device eight months after the open surgical conversion, resulting again in the enlargement of the aneurysm. An additional TEVAR was successfully performed to correct the dislocated stent graft. An appropriate treatment strategy is crucial to prevent multiple reinterventions for TAAA with complex anatomical restrictions.

Effects of Intraruminal Saliva Flow on Feed Intake in Goats Fed on Alfalfa Hay Cubes

Sunagawa, Katsunori,Nakatsu, Yoshifumi,Nishikubo, Yoriko,Ooshiro, Takeshi,Naitou, Kouta,Nagamine, Itsuki Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.12

Research was carried out to ascertain whether or not the volume of saliva flowing into the rumen regulates dry forage intake in ruminants. Goats with a parotid fistula were fed roughly crushed alfalfa hay cubes, concentrated beef cattle feed and $NaHCO_3$ wice daily (10:00-12:00, 16:00-18:00). Except for the days on which experiments were conducted, the animals were free access to drinking water. The animals were intraruminally infused every day prior to the morning feeding period with parotid saliva collected from the parotid fistula over a 24 h period. The present experiment consisted of three treatments, non-infusion (NI), intraruminal infusion of parotid saliva (RSI), and intraruminal infusion of warm water (RWI). In the RSI treatment, approximately 4-5 kg of parotid saliva (280-290 mOsm/l) collected over a 24 h period was intraruminally infused 1 h prior to the commencement of morning feeding. In the RWI treatment, parotid saliva was substituted for warm water ($36^{\circ}C$). After infusions, the animals were fed on roughly crushed alfalfa hay cubes for 2 h. During feeding, eating and saliva secretion rates were measured. Blood samples were also periodically collected from the jugular vein. After 2 h feeding, water intake was measured for 30 min. These measurements were used to define thirst levels. On the day of the experiment, the animals were not access to drinking water during the morning feeding. It is thought that rumen fill in RSI and RWI treatments was higher than the NI treatment. In comparison with the NI treatment however, cumulative feed intake increased by 39.3% with RSI treatment and by 45.9% with RWI treatment after completion of the 2 h feeding period. After 2 h feeding, thirst level in the RSI treatment showed only a 10% decrease compared to the NI treatment, but thirst level in the RWI treatment decreased 49.8%. Despite the significant differences in thirst levels between RSI and RWI treatments, the cumulative feed intake in both treatments was similar. When comparing accumulated saliva secretion volumes 2 h after feeding, volumes in the RSI treatment were significantly 35.9% lower than the NI treatment while volumes in the RWI treatment were unchanged. However, the volumes of saliva and fluid flowing into the rumen were greater in both RSI and RWI treatments when compared to the NI treatment. The results indicate that the amount of saliva flowing into the rumen is a factor regulating feed intake in ruminants fed on dry forage.

Effect of Parotid Saliva Secretion on Dry Forage Intake in Goats

Sunagawa, Katsunori,Nakatsu, Yoshifumi,Nishikubo, Yoriko,Ooshiro, Takeshi,Naitou, Kouta,Nagamine, Itsuki Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.8

Research was carried out to clarify whether a suppression of dry forage intake during the early stages of feeding in ruminants is caused by feeding induced hypovolemia which is produced by the accelerated secretion of parotid saliva. Goats with a parotid fistula were fed roughly crushed alfalfa hay cubes, commercial ground concentrate feed and $NaHCO_3$ twice daily (10:00-12:00, 16:00-18:00). The animals were free access to drinking water all day prior to, during and after experiments. The animals were intraruminally infused every day prior to the morning feeding period with parotid saliva collected from the parotid fistula over a 24 h period. The present experiment consisted of two treatments, non-infusion (RNI) and intraruminal infusion of parotid saliva (RSF). In the RSF treatment, 4-5 kg of parotid saliva (280-290 mOsm/l) collected over a 24 h period was intraruminally infused 1 h prior to the commencement of the morning feeding. During feeding, eating and parotid saliva secretion rates were measured. Blood samples were also periodically collected from the jugular vein. During and after 2 h feeding, water intakes were measured, respectively. These measurements were used to define thirst levels. It is thought that rumen fill in the RSF treatment was higher than the RNI treatment. Plasma osmolality in the RSF treatment increased in the first half of the 2 h feeding period due to the intraruminal infusion of parotid saliva. Therefore, parotid saliva secretion rates in the RSF treatment were lower than the RNI treatment for 30 min period from 30 to 60 min after the commencement of feeding. On the other hand, plasma total protein concentration and hematocrit in the RSF treatment decreased by 3.2 and 3.3% prior to the commencement of feeding due to the intraruminal infusion of parotid saliva. In the first half of the 2 h feeding period, plasma total protein concentration and hematocrit in the RSF treatment showed a tendency to decrease compared to the RNI treatment. Thirst level in the RSF treatment during feeding was approximately 31.3% less than the RNI treatment. Upon the completion of the 2 h feeding period, cumulative feed intake in the RSF treatment was significantly larger (19.7%) than the RNI treatment. The results suggest that a suppression of dry forage intake during the early stages of feeding in goats is partly caused by feeding induced hypovolemia, which is produced by the accelerated secretion of parotid saliva.

Historia:Smart Phone AR Art Application That Connects Time and Space by Historical Icon and Modern Manga Icon

Naoko Tosa,Ryohei Nakatsu 한양대학교 우리춤연구소 2011 우리춤과 과학기술 Vol.7 No.2

인류 역사의 초기부터 다양한 종류의 아이콘이 시각적 의사소통을 위해 사용되어 왔다. 전 세계의 벽화, 상형문자 등에서 발견되는 이러한 아이콘 간에는 많은 유사성이 있기 때문에, 대부분의 사람들은 비록 아이콘이나 옛 문자를 사용하고 있지 않더라도 이러한 옛 양식에 대한 일종의 향수를 느낀다. 본 논문에서는 인류 역사 및 인종을 통틀어 존재해온 다양한 종류의 아이콘을 시공간의 간극을 초월하여 통합하고, 이러한 통합 아이콘을 오늘날의 실제 풍경에 증강시키는 인터랙티브미디어 작품인 Historia를 제안하고, 디자인하여 구현한다. 이 작품은 공간상에 흐르는 다양한 아이콘이 스마트폰 화면상에 표시되는 응용프로그램으로서, 사용자는 일련의 아이콘에 텍스트 메시지를 등록함으로써 새로운 의미를 부여하거나 부가적인 정보를 제공하고, 배경에 그림문자가 증강된 영상을 스냅샷으로 취득할 수도 있도록 구성되었다. 프로토타입 시스템을 만들어 다양한 응용 가능성을 확인하였다. Various kinds of icons for visual communications have been used from the very beginning of human history. We can find such various kinds of icons in wall paintings all over the world, hieroglyphs and so on. There are lots of similarities among these icons. Because of this, even though most of us are not using these icons or old characters, we have a kind of nostalgic feeling toward these old forms. This artwork realizes the integration of various kinds of icons that have existed throughout the human history and throughout the human races jumping the gap of time and space. And these integrated icons are augmented on the actual scenery of today. On a display of a smart phone there are various icons flowing around on the space. Usersare required to write a new meaning of the icon sequence in English. The pictograph and the background are overlapped and composed in a form of snapshot.

Redox-coupled proton transfer mechanism in nitrite reductase revealed by femtosecond crystallography

Fukuda, Yohta,Tse, Ka Man,Nakane, Takanori,Nakatsu, Toru,Suzuki, Mamoru,Sugahara, Michihiro,Inoue, Shigeyuki,Masuda, Tetsuya,Yumoto, Fumiaki,Matsugaki, Naohiro,Nango, Eriko,Tono, Kensuke,Joti, Yasumas National Academy of Sciences 2016 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.113 No.11

<P>Proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET), a ubiquitous phenomenon in biological systems, plays an essential role in copper nitrite reductase (CuNiR), the key metalloenzyme in microbial denitrification of the global nitrogen cycle. Analyses of the nitrite reduction mechanism in CuNiR with conventional synchrotron radiation crystallography (SRX) have been faced with difficulties, because X-ray photoreduction changes the native structures of metal centers and the enzyme-substrate complex. Using serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX), we determined the intact structures of CuNiR in the resting state and the nitrite complex (NC) state at 2.03- and 1.60-angstrom resolution, respectively. Furthermore, the SRX NC structure representing a transient state in the catalytic cycle was determined at 1.30-angstrom resolution. Comparison between SRX and SFX structures revealed that photoreduction changes the coordination manner of the substrate and that catalytically important His255 can switch hydrogen bond partners between the backbone carbonyl oxygen of nearby Glu279 and the side-chain hydroxyl group of Thr280. These findings, which SRX has failed to uncover, propose a redox-coupled proton switch for PCET. This concept can explain how proton transfer to the substrate is involved in intramolecular electron transfer and why substrate binding accelerates PCET. Our study demonstrates the potential of SFX as a powerful tool to study redox processes in metalloenzymes.</P>

여수세계박람회 디지털 갤러리 전시 작품 ``사신기``와 Silent Scape의 새로운 작업

토사나오코 ( Naoko Tosa ),박종일 ( Jong-il Park ),나카츠료헤이 ( Ryohei Nakatsu ),토론:김운미,토론:김외곤 무용역사기록학회 2012 한국무용사학회 심포지엄 Vol.2012 No.-

한국에서 개최된 2012여수세계박람회에서 상영하기 위해 “사신기(四神旗)”라는 비디오 컨텐츠를 제작했다. 제작된 비디오 컨텐츠는 2012 여수세계박람회 기간 동안 엑스포디지털갤러리에 전시되었다. 본고에서는 “사신기”의 제작 의도 및 내용을 설명하고, 미술가, 디자이너, 공학 연구원들의 협업을 통한 컨텐츠 제작과정을 제시한다. We have created a video artwork called “Four God Flags” for the exhibition called Yeosu Expo 2011 that was held in Yeosu, Korea in 2011. The created artwork was exhibited at the exhibition place called Digital Gallery in Yeosu Expo 2011 during the expo. This paper describes the overview of the expo and how this artworks has been created under the collaboration between an artist, designers, and engineering researchers.