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Myeon-Sik Yang,정창기,Salik Nazki,Sameer ul Salam Mattoo,Sang-Myeong Lee,Won-Il Kim,Bumseok Kim 한국동물위생학회 2019 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.42 No.4
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is characterized by reproductive failure in sows and respiratory distress in all age pigs. Porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) is a disease caused by opportunistic bacterial infection secondary to a weakened immune system by a preceding respiratory infection. In this study, we tried to compare the immune responses in PRRS and PRDC groups to clearly characterize the disease severity. Eighty-five pigs were infected with various Korean field PRRS virus strains. Infected animals were classified into PRRS (n=32) and PRDC (n=53) groups based on lung le-sions such as interstitial pneumonia, suppurative pneumonia, and pleuropneumonia. The immune cell population of bronchoalveolar lavage cells (BALc) was evaluated on 14 and 28 days post infection (dpi) and PMBC cytokine expression was measured on 0, 3, 7, 14 dpi to investigate early inflammatory re-actions. Pulmonary lesion severity was negatively correlated with alveolar macrophage (AM) in both PRRS and PRDC groups on 14 and 28 dpi. AM in BALc was less populated in PRDC group on 28 dpi compared to PRRS group. AM in BALc was significantly less populated in PRDC group on 28 dpi compared to 14 dpi. In addition, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) in BALc was higher populated in PRDC group on 14 dpi and 28 dpi compared to PRRS group. In the case of PBMC cytokine TNF-, IFN-, IL-1, IFN-, FoxP3, and IL-2, the PRRS group showed higher expression than the PRDC group on 7 dpi, 14 dpi, 7 dpi, 14 dpi, 14 dpi, and 14 dpi, respectively. On the other hand, in the case of IFN-, IL-6, IL-8, IL-4, and IL-17, the PRDC group showed higher PBMC cytokine expression at 14 dpi, 7 dpi, 14 dpi, 3 dpi, and 3 dpi, respectively, than the PRRS group. Based on these results, our study could characterize differential immune responses in pigs with PRRS or PRDC.
Evaluation of different media for ex vivo porcine lung culture model
Myeon-Sik Yang,Zixiong Zhou,Amina Khatun,Salik Nazki,정창기,김원일,이상명,Seog-Jin Kang,임채웅,김범석 한국동물위생학회 2018 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.41 No.4
Developing drugs targeting respiratory pathogen is essential to control respiratory diseases. Many experi-ments have been performed under in vivo situation. However, in vivo experiments have economical and ethical issues. The objective of this study was to determine the possibility of developing an ex vivo lung culture system with possible application for respiratory infection studies. After isolating lungs from naïve pigs, agarose-inflated lung tissues were prepared and sliced manually. These sliced lung tissues were then subsequently placed on 24-well plates. Eight different combinations of media were used to determine the optimum ex vivo lung culture condition. In addition, lung tissues were infected with por-cine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus at a titer of 1×104 TCID50/mL. Virus growth was confirmed by titration in MARC-145 cells at 2, 4, 6 days post infection (dpi). We found that ex vivo lung culture in physiological environment was not media specific based on histopathology and cytotoxicity. However, under virus-infected condition, thickened alveolar walls in the lung tissues and stable virus titers at 2, 4, 6 dpi were shown in F12K medium suggesting that it was useful for tissue maintenance and virus infection using PRRS virus infected lung tissues. The present study shows the possibility of using porcine ex vivo lung model for respiratory infection studies.
Yang, Myeon-Sik,Jeong, Chang-Gi,Nazki, Salik,Mattoo, Sameer ul Salam,Lee, Sang-Myeong,Kim, Won-Il,Kim, Bumseok The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2019 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.42 No.4
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is characterized by reproductive failure in sows and respiratory distress in all age pigs. Porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) is a disease caused by opportunistic bacterial infection secondary to a weakened immune system by a preceding respiratory infection. In this study, we tried to compare the immune responses in PRRS and PRDC groups to clearly characterize the disease severity. Eighty-five pigs were infected with various Korean field PRRS virus strains. Infected animals were classified into PRRS (n=32) and PRDC (n=53) groups based on lung lesions such as interstitial pneumonia, suppurative pneumonia, and pleuropneumonia. The immune cell population of bronchoalveolar lavage cells (BALc) was evaluated on 14 and 28 days post infection (dpi) and PMBC cytokine expression was measured on 0, 3, 7, 14 dpi to investigate early inflammatory reactions. Pulmonary lesion severity was negatively correlated with alveolar macrophage (AM) in both PRRS and PRDC groups on 14 and 28 dpi. AM in BALc was less populated in PRDC group on 28 dpi compared to PRRS group. AM in BALc was significantly less populated in PRDC group on 28 dpi compared to 14 dpi. In addition, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) in BALc was higher populated in PRDC group on 14 dpi and 28 dpi compared to PRRS group. In the case of PBMC cytokine TNF-α, IFN-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, FoxP3, and IL-2, the PRRS group showed higher expression than the PRDC group on 7 dpi, 14 dpi, 7 dpi, 14 dpi, 14 dpi, and 14 dpi, respectively. On the other hand, in the case of IFN-β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-4, and IL-17, the PRDC group showed higher PBMC cytokine expression at 14 dpi, 7 dpi, 14 dpi, 3 dpi, and 3 dpi, respectively, than the PRRS group. Based on these results, our study could characterize differential immune responses in pigs with PRRS or PRDC.
Evaluation of different media for ex vivo porcine lung culture model
Yang, Myeon-Sik,Zhou, Zixiong,Khatun, Amina,Nazki, Salik,Jeong, Chang Gi,Kim, Won Il,Lee, Sang Myeong,Kang, Seog-Jin,Lim, Chae Woong,Kim, Bumseok The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2018 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.41 No.4
Developing drugs targeting respiratory pathogen is essential to control respiratory diseases. Many experiments have been performed under in vivo situation. However, in vivo experiments have economical and ethical issues. The objective of this study was to determine the possibility of developing an ex vivo lung culture system with possible application for respiratory infection studies. After isolating lungs from naïve pigs, agarose-inflated lung tissues were prepared and sliced manually. These sliced lung tissues were then subsequently placed on 24-well plates. Eight different combinations of media were used to determine the optimum ex vivo lung culture condition. In addition, lung tissues were infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus at a titer of $1{\times}10^4\;TCID_{50}/mL$. Virus growth was confirmed by titration in MARC-145 cells at 2, 4, 6 days post infection (dpi). We found that ex vivo lung culture in physiological environment was not media specific based on histopathology and cytotoxicity. However, under virus-infected condition, thickened alveolar walls in the lung tissues and stable virus titers at 2, 4, 6 dpi were shown in F12K medium suggesting that it was useful for tissue maintenance and virus infection using PRRS virus infected lung tissues. The present study shows the possibility of using porcine ex vivo lung model for respiratory infection studies.
Medial Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty in Patients with Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee
Won Sik Choy,Kap Jung Kim,Sang Ki Lee,Dae Suk Yang,Choon-Myeon Kim,Ju Sang Park 대한정형외과학회 2011 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.3 No.4
Background: We analyzed the clinical and radiologic results of patients with spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee treated byminimally invasive medial unicompartmental arthroplasty using Oxford Uni. Methods: We reviewed 22 knees in 21 patients which were treated for spontaneous osteonecrosis between 2002 and 2006. Patientsincluded one male and 20 females. The mean age was 70.8 years (range, 53 to 82 years). The mean follow-up period was70.3 months (range, 48 to 93 months). The clinical results were evaluated using the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee scoreand the range of motion of the knee preoperatively and at the fi nal follow-up. Preoperative plain radiographs and magnetic resonanceimages were analyzed to determine the size and stage of osteonecrotic lesions. Results: The mean HSS knee score was 64.3 (range, 54 to 75) preoperatively and 92.0 (range, 71 to 100) at the fi nal follow-up. The mean preoperative fl exion contracture was 8.9o (range, 0 to 15o) and 0.2o (range, 0 to 5o) at the fi nal follow-up. The mean furtherfl exion increased from 138.6o (range, 100 to 145o) preoperatively to 145.6o (range, 140 to 150o) at the fi nal follow-up. Activefull fl exion was possible within 2 months of the operation. The squatting position was possible in 16 patients (84.2%) out of 19,except one case of bronchiectasis and one case of spine fracture. The cross-leg posture was possible in 19 patients (90.5%) out of21. The mean tibiofemoral angle was improved from varus 0.98o to valgus 3.22o. Meniscal bearing dislocation occurred in 2 casesand femoral component loosening occurred in 1 case. Conclusions: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty using Oxford Uni could be an alternative treatment option in spontaneous osteonecrosisof the knee.
COMMISSIONING RESULT OF THE KSTAR HELIUM REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
DONG-SEONG PARK,HYUN-SIK CHANG,JAE-JOON JOO,KYUNG-MO MOON,KWANG-WOON CHO,YANG-SOO KIM,JOO-SHIK BAK,MYEON-CHUL CHO,IL-KEUN KWON,FREDERIC ANDRIEU,JEROME BEAUVISAGE,STEPHANE DESAMBROIS,ERIC FAUVE,MICHEL 한국원자력학회 2008 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.40 No.6
To keep the superconducting (SC) magnet coils of KSTAR at proper operating conditions, not only the coils but also other cold components, such as thermal shields (TS), magnet structures, SC bus-lines (BL), and current leads (CL) must be maintained at their respective cryogenic temperatures. A helium refrigeration system (HRS) with an exergetic equivalent cooling power of 9 kW at 4.5 K without liquid nitrogen (LN₂) pre-cooling has been manufactured and installed. The main components of the KSTAR helium refrigeration system (HRS) can be classified into the warm compression system (WCS) and the cryogenic devices according to the operating temperature levels. The process helium is compressed from 1 bar to 22 bar passing through the WCS and is supplied to cryogenic devices. The main components of cryogenic devices are consist of cold box (C/B) and distribution box (D/B). The C/B cool-down and make the various cryogenic helium for the KSTAR Tokamak and the various cryogenic helium is distributed by the D/B as per the KSTAR requirement. In this proceeding, we will present the commissioning results of the KSTAR HRS. Circuits which can simulate the thermal loads and pressure drops corresponding to the cooling channels of each cold component of KSTAR have been integrated into the helium distribution system of the HRS. Using those circuits, the performance and the capability of the HRS, to fulfill the mission of establishing the appropriate operating condition for the KSTAR SC magnet coils, have been successfully demonstrated.