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        An Active Voltage Doubling Rectifier with Unbalanced-Biased Comparators for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters

        Liu, Lianxi,Mu, Junchao,Yuan, Wenzhi,Tu, Wei,Zhu, Zhangming,Yang, Yintang The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2016 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.16 No.3

        For wearable health monitoring systems, a fundamental problem is the limited space for storing energy, which can be translated into a short operational life. In this paper, a highly efficient active voltage doubling rectifier with a wide input range for micro-piezoelectric energy harvesting systems is proposed. To obtain a higher output voltage, the Dickson charge pump topology is chosen in this design. By replacing the passive diodes with unbalanced-biased comparator-controlled active counterparts, the proposed rectifier minimizes the voltage losses along the conduction path and solves the reverse leakage problem caused by conventional comparator-controlled active diodes. To improve the rectifier input voltage sensitivity and decrease the minimum operational input voltage, two low power common-gate comparators are introduced in the proposed design. To keep the comparator from oscillating, a positive feedback loop formed by the capacitor C is added to it. Based on the SMIC 0.18-μm standard CMOS process, the proposed rectifier is simulated and implemented. The area of the whole chip is 0.91×0.97 mm<sup>2</sup>, while the rectifier core occupies only 13% of this area. The measured results show that the proposed rectifier can operate properly with input amplitudes ranging from 0.2 to 1.0V and with frequencies ranging from 20 to 3000 Hz. The proposed rectifier can achieve a 92.5% power conversion efficiency (PCE) with input amplitudes equal to 0.6 V at 200 Hz. The voltage conversion efficiency (VCE) is around 93% for input amplitudes greater than 0.3 V and load resistances larger than 20kΩ.

      • KCI등재

        An Active Voltage Doubling Rectifier with Unbalanced-Biased Comparators for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters

        Lianxi Liu,Junchao Mu,Wenzhi Yuan,Wei Tu,Zhangming Zhu,Yintang Yang 전력전자학회 2016 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.16 No.3

        For wearable health monitoring systems, a fundamental problem is the limited space for storing energy, which can be translated into a short operational life. In this paper, a highly efficient active voltage doubling rectifier with a wide input range for micro-piezoelectric energy harvesting systems is proposed. To obtain a higher output voltage, the Dickson charge pump topology is chosen in this design. By replacing the passive diodes with unbalanced-biased comparator-controlled active counterparts, the proposed rectifier minimizes the voltage losses along the conduction path and solves the reverse leakage problem caused by conventional comparator-controlled active diodes. To improve the rectifier input voltage sensitivity and decrease the minimum operational input voltage, two low power common-gate comparators are introduced in the proposed design. To keep the comparator from oscillating, a positive feedback loop formed by the capacitor C is added to it. Based on the SMIC 0.18-μm standard CMOS process, the proposed rectifier is simulated and implemented. The area of the whole chip is 0.91×0.97 ㎟, while the rectifier core occupies only 13% of this area. The measured results show that the proposed rectifier can operate properly with input amplitudes ranging from 0.2 to 1.0V and with frequencies ranging from 20 to 3000 Hz. The proposed rectifier can achieve a 92.5% power conversion efficiency (PCE) with input amplitudes equal to 0.6 V at 200 Hz. The voltage conversion efficiency (VCE) is around 93% for input amplitudes greater than 0.3 V and load resistances larger than 20kΩ.

      • KCI등재

        Pretreatment with Trichoderma sp. AH promotes directional conversion of organic nitrogen compounds in supercritical methanolysis of wheat straw

        Quan-Xi Zheng,Chuan-Yong Yan,Mu-Wei Zhu 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.128 No.-

        The specificity and conversion of supercritical methanolysis of wheat straw (WS) and rice straw (RS) canbe enhanced by Pretreatment using Trichoderma sp. AH, particularly the esters of the methanol-solubleportion (MSP) of WS and RS in supercritical methanolysis. However, only about 100 organic compoundsof lower volatility and polarity could be detected in MSP by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry was used to determinethe organic nitrogen compounds (ONCs) in the MSPs from supercritical methanolysis of raw andpretreated WS with Trichoderma sp. AH. The most prevalent ONCs in the MSPs of native and pretreatedWSs in the positive ion mode would be N2On (n = 1–9) species having twin-bonding equivalence values(2–25) together with carbon-atom numbers of 4–35. Peak prevalent ONC within prior-treated WS MSPs isN2O4, with the most abundant ONC in raw WS MSPs is N2O5. These results help to understand the impactof Trichoderma sp. AH pretreatment upon converting ability/specificity for ONCs within WS methanolysisand employing MSP in producing jet fuel.

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