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Study on the Circuit Performance of Various Interconnect Metal Materials in the Latest Process Nodes
Moonjeong Choi,Juhwan Park,Seoungyeol Choi,Kyungbae Kwon,Yeji Lee,Wonyeong Jang,Jongwook Jeon 대한전자공학회 2023 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.23 No.4
In this work, circuit-level benchmarks were performed on Copper(Cu), Tungsten(W), Cobalt(Co), Ruthenium(Ru), and Doped-multilayer-graphene (DMLG), which are various metallic material options applicable to the wire process at the late semiconductor process nodes. For the transistor, a multi-nanosheet field-effect-transistor (mNS-FET) with gate-all-around (GAA) technology was used, and the power and performance characteristics of the inverter ring oscillator circuit were analyzed assuming a 3 nm process node. In addition, various wire metal options for circuit layout were evaluated by varying fan-out number and wire length. As a result, the speed is fastest for Co and the speed reduction is smallest for DMLG in FO1 50CPP.
인체 피부세포의 공동배양계를 이용한 멜라닌 생합성 조절물질의 검색
김문정 ( Moonjeong Kim ),장동일 ( Dongil Jang ),신의석 ( Euiseok Shin ),이진선 ( Jinseon Lee ),노민수 ( Minsoo Noh ) 대한화장품학회 2000 대한화장품학회지 Vol.26 No.1
Keratinocyte 는 피부 표피층의 대부분을 차지하고 있으며, 세포간 신호전달물질 cytokine을 생성분비함으로써 주위의 다른 피부세포의 활성 및 분화능력을 조절한다. 특히 melanocyte 한 세포는 keratinocyte 30 여 세포와 직접적으로 접촉하고 있으며 활발한 신호 전달을 통하여 피부생리의 동적평형 유지에 기여하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 실제 피부에서와 유사한 조건에서 keratinocyte 의 세포외 배출 신호물질인 cytokine 의 변화를 유도하는 물질이 melanocyte 의 피부색소형성과정에 기여하는 바를 평가하기위하여 keratinocyte - melanocyte 의 공동배양계 실험조건과 아울러, UVB 조사에 의해 keratinocyte 로부터 유리되는 물질이 melanocyte를 자극하여 melanin 생합성 유도를 촉진하는 기본 실험 system 을 확립하였고, 가능성있는 천연추출물 원료, 즉, 신이, 강황등의 melanin 생합성 억제능을 본 공동배양계에서 1차 평가한 후 소규모 임상실험에서 미백효능을 최종 평가하였다.
Kwon, Hayeong,Jang, Donghwan,Choi, Moonjeong,Lee, Jaewoong,Jeong, Kyuho,Pak, Yunbae Elsevier 2018 Biochimica et biophysica acta Vol.1864 No.6
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Insulin resistance, defined as attenuated sensitivity responding to insulin, impairs insulin action. Direct causes and molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance have thus far remained elusive. Here we show that alternative translation initiation (ATI) of Caveolin-2 (Cav-2) regulates insulin sensitivity. Cav-2β isoform yielded by ATI desensitizes insulin receptor (IR) via dephosphorylation by protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), and subsequent endocytosis and lysosomal degradation of IR, causing insulin resistance. Blockage of Cav-2 ATI protects against insulin resistance by preventing Cav-2β-PTP1B-directed IR desensitization, thereby normalizing insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake. Our findings show that Cav-2β is a negative regulator of IR signaling, and identify a mechanism causing insulin resistance through control of insulin sensitivity via Cav-2 ATI.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Cav-2β yielded by alternative translation initiation (ATI) causes insulin resistance. </LI> <LI> Cav-2β desensitizes insulin receptor (IR) via dephosphorylation by PTP1B. </LI> <LI> Cav-2β regulates endocytosis and lysosomal degradation of IR. </LI> <LI> Blockage of Cav-2 ATI normalizes insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Lee, Junghoon,Jang, Moonjeong,Lee, Sang Myeon,Yoo, Dohyuk,Shin, Tae Joo,Oh, Joon Hak,Yang, Changduk American Chemical Society 2014 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.6 No.22
<P>Over the past few years, one of the most remarkable advances in the field of polymer solar cells (PSCs) has been the development of fluorinated 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BT)-based polymers that lack the solid working principles of previous designs, but boost the power conversion efficiency. To assess a rich data set for the influence of the fluorinated BT units on the charge-transport characteristics in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), we synthesized two new polymers (<B>PDPP-FBT</B> and <B>PDPP-2FBT</B>) incorporating diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) and either single- or double-fluorinated BT and thoroughly investigated them via a range of techniques. Unlike the small differences in the absorption properties of <B>PDPP-FBT</B> and its nonfluorinated analogue (<B>PDPP-BT</B>), the introduction of doubly fluorinated BT into the polymer backbone induces a noticeable change in its optical profiles and energy levels, which results in a slightly wider bandgap and deeper HOMO for <B>PDPP-2FBT</B>, relative to the others. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) analysis reveals that both fluorinated polymer films have long-range orders along the out-of-plane direction, and π–π stacking in the in-plane direction, implying semicrystalline lamellar structures with edge-on orientations in the solid state. Thanks to the strong intermolecular interactions and highly electron-deficient π-systems driven by the inclusion of F atoms, the polymers exhibit electron mobilities of up to 0.42 and 0.30 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>–1</SUP> s<SUP>–1</SUP> for <B>PDPP-FBT</B> and <B>PDPP-2FBT</B>, respectively, while maintaining hole mobilities higher than 0.1 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>–1</SUP> s<SUP>–1</SUP>. Our results highlight that the use of fluorinated BT blocks in the polymers is a promising molecular design strategy for improving electron transporting performance without sacrificing their original hole mobility values.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2014/aamick.2014.6.issue-22/am505925w/production/images/medium/am-2014-05925w_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am505925w'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
요구 분석을 통한 중국 대학의 한국어 전공자용 읽기 교재 개발 연구
이정희 ( Junghee Lee ),장문정 ( Moonjeong Jang ) 이중언어학회 2015 이중언어학 Vol.60 No.-
Reading education for Koreanlanguage majors in China is required to motivate and increase the interests of learners, improve reading skills, and allow students to acquire a positive attitude and enthusiasm in reading. In addition, the texts should reflect and share beliefs, knowledge, and values, and allow learners to indirectly experience and further apply them within the everyday communicative context. This can be meaningful as the goals of reading education enable learners to read and transcend in time and space, which in turn, will facilitate the chance to participate in future opportunities of related fields in Korea. Needs analysis was conducted among current Korean major students and students who have graduated with aims of finding implications for developing appropriate texts that reflect the learners’ needs. The reading Textbooks for Korean majors should be equipped with features as follows. Fist of all, it should consist of a wide range of subjects and texts in order to have knowledge and refinement Korean majors must have. In addition, the textbook should deal with not only cultural texts for successful communication in the future workplace, but also the contents concerning politics, economy and society. (Kyunghee University·Kyunghee University)