Rhizopus suinus의 原形質體 融合에 關하여

이영하,김무송,최영길 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1984 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.11 No.2

The protoplast fusion of Rhizopus suinus was studied to develope a new method for strain improvement in Rhizopus species. High yields of protoplasts from 12hr-age of germlings were obtained by using an enzyme system containing Bacillus HD 2 chitosanase and commercial Driselase with 0.5M mannitol as osmotic stabilizer. The optimum temperature for mycelium digestion was 25℃ and the optimum pH was 6.0. The reversion frequency of these protoplasts on minimal and complete agar medium was 0.39 and 0.45%, respectively. In the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG), intraspecific hybrids were aquired by the protoplast fusion between protoplasts of UV induced auxotrophs. Thirty percent of PEG (pH 6.0) was found to be most effective and the efficiency of PEG was enhanced by the addition of 10-50 mM CaCl_2. The average fusion frequency under optimum condition was 0.42%.

급성심근경색증에서 대기성 경피적관동맥성형술이 좌심실 기능에 미치는 효과

이무용,김영권 단국대학교 2000 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

Primary and rescue percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) improves left ventricular (LA) function and survival by restoring blood flow to the infarct-related artery (IRA). However, the effect of delayed PTCA is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether delayed PTCA after AMI improves LV function. PTCA was performed before discharge in thirty patients with residual myocardial ischemia on noninvasive tests after the first attack of AMI. Follow-up coronary angiography and left ventriculography were done between six months and one year after PTCA. Degree of the coronary artery stenosis, LV ejection fraction (LVEF), regional wall motion score (RWMS), and LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were measured. At follow-up LV function was improved; LVEF from 59.6±10.8% to 66.4±13.6 (p<0.05), RWMS from 0.29±0.03cm/chord to 0.56±0.50cm/chord (p<0.05). LVEDP was decreased from 17.4±6.9mmHg to 14.4±6.9mmHg, however, this was not statistically significant. Restenosis occurred in 16 patients (53%). In patients without restenosis, LV function was improved; LVEF from 61.8±9.7% to 72.3±11.0% (p<0.05), RWMS from 0.31±0.12cm/chord to 0.82±0.54cm/chord (p<0.05), and LVEDP from 16.6±5.8mmHg to 13.4±5.8mmHg (p<0.05). However, in patients with restenosis these parameters of LV function were not changed significantly. Use of angiotension converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) increased LVEF from 61.8±9.7% to 72.3±11.0% (p<0.05) and decreased LVEDP from 17.8±5.1mmHg to 13.4±6.3mmHg (p<0.05) in patients without restenosis. In conclusion, delayed PTCA of the IRA in patients with residual ischemia after AMI and use of ACEI can improve LV function and long-term survival.

위 유문동 평활근세포의 Caffeine 활성화 전류에 미치는 Ascorbate의 효과

이무열,방효원,엄대용,이상돈 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1992 中央醫大誌 Vol.17 No.4

In order to observe the effects of ascorbate on the background current in pyloric circular smooth muscle cells, caffeine of which action was fairly clarified, was used to induce the current systems. To block all of the known currents, various blocking agents were added in the external bathing solution. A part of pyloric circular muscle tissue was excised out, and enzymatic isolation technique was used to obtain Ca^2+ -tolerant single circular muscle cells. The whole cell mode of patch-clamp experiment was conducted. The results were as follows : 1. Ascorbate induced the increase of inward currents in the hyperpolarized potential ranges, and quite a large increase of outward currents in the depolarized ranges. 2. Caffeine also induced similar results, but the magnitude of outward current was smaller than that of assorbate in the depolarized ranges. 3. These phenomena were disappeared by addition of the anion channel blocker. 4. Replacement of external NaCl with NMG·Cl was rarely affected the effects of ascorbate and and caffeine. But the effects of ascorbate and caffeine were almost abolished when sxternal Cl^- was substituted for aspartate. These results suggested that ascorbate affected chloride current which thought as a component of the background currents in the pyloric circular smooth muscle cells.

Ca^(2+)―작동성 Cl^-전류에 미치는 이차 전령들의 효과

송인섭,이무열,방효원,엄대용,이상돈 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1993 中央醫大誌 Vol.18 No.3

The anion movements across the cell membrane were regarded as apart of passive distribution according to the cation movements. Recently, from the developement of patch clamp technique new concept for anion channels were introduced. And their roles in the genesis of action potential and resting potential were noticed. So we clarified the existence of the chloride channel in the smooth muscle cells and studied its nature in regard to the roles of the second messangers. We used the whold cell voltage clamp technique to study the current responses induced by carbachol application in the circular smooth muscle cells of the gastric antrum of the rabbit. The results were as follows; 1. Application of the carbachol induced the increase of inward currents in the hyperpolarized potential ranges, and the increase of outward currents in the depolarized ranges. 2. Even in the cases of blocking all the known currents, these current components were observed. 3. Sodium ion removel from the external medium rarely affected these current responses, and the addition of cadmium ion did not make any remarkable change. 4. Known second messangers such as c-AMP, c-GMP, heparin, A1F_4 rarely affected these current components. 5. Lowering of intracellular calcium ion concentration drastically reduced these current responses. Form the above results we can suggest that the carbachol induced current responses contained chloride currents which were activated by only intracellular calcium ion, not by any other second messegers in the gastric antral smooth muscle cells.

위 윤상근 세포의 Ca^2+-의존성 K^+-전류에 미치는 Ascorbate의 효과

배정원,이무열,방효원,엄대용,이상돈 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1991 中央醫大誌 Vol.16 No.2

In order to observe the effect of ascorbate on the Ca^2+-activated K^+ current in pyloric circular muscle cells which plays a critical role in generation and maintenance of repolarization and automatism, apart of pyloric circular muscle tissue was excised out, digested in collagenase containing Ca^2+-free physiological solution to get single circular muscle cells and the whole cell mode of patch-clamp experiment was conducted. Following results were obtained : 1. Oscillatory outward current was reduced by ascorbate in case of high intrapipette Ca^2+ concentration in whole voltage range and was enhanced in case of low intrapipette Ca^2+ concentration. 2. Oscillatory outward current was reduced in Ca^2+-free physiological solution with calcium channel blocker and not effected by ascorbate. 3. There were no qualitative differences among the control and ascorbate-treated group in effects of pH, steady state inactivation and the remaining component of the outward current. The above results could be concluded that ascorbate effects calcium-dependent component of the oscillatory outward current in the pyloric circular smooth muscle cells.

위 유문동 평활근 세포에서 Caffeine에 의해 활성화되는 이온 전류에 관한 연구

정인원,이무열,방효원,엄대용,이상돈 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1992 中央醫大誌 Vol.17 No.3

In order to clarify the existence of the non-selective cationic channel of CI^- -channel in gastric antral smooth muscle cells which suggested to play a critical role in generation and maintenance of depolarization and exitability, the whole cell mode of patch-clamp experiment was conducted. Following results were obtained ; 1. Puff injection of caffeine induced the increase of inward currents in the hyperpolarized holding potential ranges, and the increase of outward currents in the hypopolarized range. 2. In the case of blocking of all known currents, these current components were observed. 3. These current components were disappeared when known as a Cl^- -channel blocking agent was treated and intracellular EGTA concentration was increased. The above results could be concluded that these current components strongly suggested as a Ca^2+ -dependent Cl^- current in the gastric antral smooth muscle cells.

심근침범을 동반한 Becker형 근이영양증 환자에서 확인한 Dystrophin 유전자 Exon결실

김광일,오병희,이무용,채인호,신수,박성섭,김효수,손대원,이명묵,박영배,최윤식,이영우 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.5

위 평활근 세포의 활동전압을 이루는 CI^-전류성분에 관한 연구

방효원,이종찬,이무열,엄대용,이상돈 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1993 中央醫大誌 Vol.18 No.3

Chloride current has been known as a part of backgroud current. Recently, its roles in the maintenance of action potential have much attention. The purposes of the present study are clarifying the chloride current component which might play an important role in generation and maintenance of the action potential in the pyloric circular smooth musele cells. We used the whold cell voltage clamp techniques to assess the current and voltage responses induced by caffeine superfusion. The results were as follow: 1. Caffeine superfusion induced the increase of inward currents in the hyperpolarized potential ranges, and the increase of outward currents in the depolarized ranges. 2. Sodium ion removal from the external medium and the addition of cadmium ion rarely affected these current response. 3. Duration of the action potential was elongated by application of the caffeine and modified by the change of the intracellular chloride ion concentraion. 4. The effect of caffeine superfusion on the action potential disappeared by the addition of the anion channel blocker. The results suggest that caffeine superfusion may prolong the duration of repolarized phase of the action potential probably by the chloride current activation in the gastric antral smooth muscle.

Estimating 24-Hour Urine Sodium From Multiple Spot Urine Samples

Rhee, Moo-Yong,Kim, Ji-Hyun,Shin, Sung-Joon,Gu, Namyi,Nah, Deuk-Young,Park, Ju-Hyun,Kim, Sun-Woong,Kim, Hyun Ja.,Oh, Kyung Won.,Kim, Ji-Hyeon,Lee, Sim-Yeol Le Jacq Communications 2017 Journal of Clinical Hypertension Vol.19 No.4

Sodium Intake, Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease

Moo-Yong Rhee,정윤정 대한심장학회 2020 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.50 No.7

Sodium intake reduction has been emphasized because sodium adversely impacts health, especially blood pressure (BP), and the cardiovascular (CV) disease risk. However, data obtained from several cohort studies have raised questions regarding the effects of high sodium intake on BP and the CV disease risk. In the present study, we systematically reviewed the literature to evaluate these associations. Studies showing negative associations between urine sodium and BP and CV outcomes relied on estimated 24-hour urine sodium from spot urine that is inappropriate for determining sodium intake at an individual level. Furthermore, controversy about the association between 24-hour urine sodium and BP may have been caused by different characteristics of study populations, such as age distribution, ethnicity, potassium intake and the inclusion of patients with hypertension, the different statistical methods and BP measurement methods. Regarding the association between sodium intake and the CV disease risk, studies showing negative or J- or U-shaped associations used a single baseline measurement of 24-hour urine sodium in their analyses. However, recent studies that employed average of subsequently measured 24-hour urine sodium showed positive, linear associations between sodium intake and CV outcomes, indicating that controversies are caused by the different sodium intake measurement methods and analytic designs. In conclusion, the study shows that positive associations exist between sodium intake and BP, CV outcomes, and mortality, and that the argument that reducing sodium intake is dangerous is invalid. Sodium intake reduction should be recommended to all, and not limited to patients with hypertension or CV disease.