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한국과 일본 전통 창호의 현대적 공간 적용에 관한 연구
다나카미카 ( Mika Tanaka ),한태권 ( Taekwon Han ),김주연 ( Jooyun Kim ) 한국공간디자인학회 2018 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.13 No.2
(연구배경 및 목적) 전통 주거 공간은 사람이 사는 곳이며 그 시대의 사람들의 삶에 맞는 양식으로 발달해 왔다. 집을 구성하는 요소 중에서도 창호는 건축물의 내·외관적 중요 요소 중 하나이고 시대의 흐름에 따른 특성을 가진다. 전통 창호의 공간 특성은 현대에도 계승되고 있으나, 한국과 일본의 전통 창호들의 특성이 현대 공간에서 어떻게 적용되고 있는지 비교 연구함으로써 한국과 일본 공간 디자인의 특성에 대해 도출하고 분석하는 데 본 논문의 목적이 있다. (연구방법) 연구의 방법은 문헌연구를 통해 전통 창호의 개념과 역사, 한국과 일본 각 나라의 전통 창호에 대한 특성, 공간과의 관계성을 정리하여 비교 분석한 다음, 한국과 일본의 전통 창호의 공간 특성을 도출하여 현대적 공간에서 볼 수 있는 전통 창호의 적용 유형에 따라 분석한다. 적용 유형은 크게 창호, 가구, 장식 등의 사용법을 볼 수 있었으나, 많은 현대적 공간 중 이러한 전통 창호의 요소가 현대적으로 가장 많이 적용되고 있는 카페 공간을 중심으로 사례를 선정하여 공간 특성을 분석하였다. (결과) 사례 분석 결과, 한국과 일본 모두 가변성이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 전통적 공간 연출의 요소인 정서성과 조형성은 모두 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 전통의 계승이 중요한 면으로 나타나고 있다고 할 수 있다. 연계성은 한국보다 일본의 사례가 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 적용 유형으로는 한국이 일본보다 더 다양한 유형으로 전통 창호를 적용한 것으로 분석되었다. (결론) 사례분석을 통해서 한국과 일본 모두 전통적 공간 연출 요소라 할 수 있는 정서성과 조형성이 강조된 사례가 많았고 반면 가변성이 떨어지는 사례가 많았다. 이는 현대적용 사례에서 전통을 계승하면서 현대 생활양식에 맞게 전통 창호를 활용하고 있다고 판단되며, 한국에서는 주로 공간디자인 요소로써, 일본에서는 주로 창호로써 현대적으로 적용되고 있다고 분석되었다. 본 연구에서는 한국과 일본의 전통 창호를 가지고 공간 특성을 정서성, 조형성, 가변성, 연계성의 4가지 요소로 카페 공간에 한정하여 연구하였고 이를 통해 각 나라의 공간 디자인의 특성을 엿볼 수 있었다. 향후 연구에서는 연구의 범위를 좀 더 확대하여 비교 분석을 통하여 두 나라의 더 많은 특성을 도출하여 한국과 일본의 공간 디자인 특성 비교 분석을 지속적으로 진행할 필요가 있다. (Background and purpose) Traditional housing spaces are spaces where people live and where they have developed based on the lifestyle of the people of the age. Among housing elements, windows are significant elements of interior and exterior structures, and they have unique characteristics according to the trends of the time. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of Korean and Japanese space design through a comparative study on how the characteristics of traditional Korean and Japanese windows are applied in modern spaces. (Method) First, this study comparatively analyzed the concept and the history of traditional windows, the characteristics of the traditional windows of Korea and Japan, and their relevance with the space by reviewing books, theses, and so on. Second, through the aforementioned comparative analysis, four types of analysis elements, namely, emotionality, formativeness, connectivity, and variability, with regard to the traditional windows of Korea and Japan were derived. Third, several applications of traditional windows that can be seen in modern spaces, furniture, interiors, and decorations were found, and this study analyzed cafe spaces, which have used the abovementioned applications, based on the previously suggested spatial characteristics. (Results) According to the case analysis, both Korea and Japan had low variability. On the other hand, emotionality and formativeness were found to be high, which means that tradition has persisted. Regarding connectivity, the cases from Japan showed higher connectivity than those from Korea. In addition, with respect to applications, Korea applied traditional windows in more various forms than Japan. (Conclusion) Based on the case analysis, both Korea and Japan use traditional windows according to modern lifestyles while succeeding in maintaining tradition in modern application cases. Furthermore, traditional windows are used for interior design in Korea and for windows and doors in Japan. This study looked into the space characteristics of the traditional windows of Korea and Japan. However, the characteristics of the two countries differed when cafe spaces were analyzed based on emotionality, formativeness, variability, and connectivity. In future research, it is necessary to continue comparative analysis of the characteristics of space design between Korea and Japan by examining more characteristics of the two countries through comparative analysis and expanding the scope of the research.
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Tamaki Tanaka,Kazuhiro Takehara,Natsumi Yamashita,Mika Okazawa-Sakai,Kazuya Kuraoka,Norihiro Teramoto,Kenichi Taguchi,Katsushige Yamashiro,Hidenori Kato,Tomoya Mizunoe,Rie Suzuki,Dan Yamamoto,Arisa Ue 대한부인종양학회 2022 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.33 No.5
Objective: To clarify the frequency of deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) in Japanese ovarian cancer patients, we examined microsatellite instability (MSI) status and immunohistochemistry (IHC) subtypes, including endometrioid carcinoma (EMC), clear cell carcinoma (CCC), or a mixture of both (Mix). Methods: We registered 390 patients who were diagnosed with EMC/CCC/Mix between 2006 and 2015 and treated at seven participating facilities. For 339 patients confirmed eligible by the Central Pathological Review Board, MSI, IHC, and MutL homolog 1 methylation analyses were conducted. The tissues of patients with Lynch syndrome (LS)-related cancer histories, such as colorectal and endometrial cancer, were also investigated. Results: MSI-high (MSI-H) status was observed in 2/217 CCC (0.9%), 10/115 EMC (8.7%), and 1/4 Mix (25%). Additionally, loss of MMR protein expression (LoE-MMR) was observed in 5/219 (2.3%), 16/115 (14.0%), and 1/4 (25%) patients with CCC, EMC, and Mix, respectively. Both MSI-H and LoE-MMR were found significantly more often in EMC (p<0.001). The median (range) ages of patients with MMR expression and LoE-MMR were 54 (30–90) and 46 (22–76) (p=0.002), respectively. In the multivariate analysis, advanced stage and histological type were identified as prognostic factors. Conclusion: The dMMR rate for EMC/CCC was similar to that reported in Western countries. In Japan, it is assumed that the dMMR frequency is higher because of the increased proportion of CCC.
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Toriumi, Kazuya,Oki, Mika,Muto, Eriko,Tanaka, Junko,Mouri, Akihiro,Mamiya, Takayoshi,Kim, Hyoung-Chun,Nabeshima, Toshitaka Springer-Verlag 2016 Psychophamacology Vol.233 No.12
<P>We previously reported that prenatal treatment with phencyclidine (PCP) induces glutamatergic dysfunction in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), leading to schizophrenia-like behavioral deficits in adult mice. However, little is known about the prenatal effect of PCP treatment on other types of neurons. We focused on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic interneurons and evaluated the effect of prenatal PCP exposure on the neurodevelopment of GABAergic interneurons in the PFC. PCP was administered at the dose of 10 mg/kg/day to pregnant dams from embryonic day 6.5 to 18.5. After the pups were reared to adult, we analyzed their GABAergic system in the PFC using immunohistological, biochemical, and behavioral analyses in adulthood. The prenatal PCP treatment decreased the density of parvalbumin-positive cells and reduced the expression level of glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67) and GABA content of the PFC in adults. Additionally, prenatal PCP treatment induced behavioral deficits in adult mice, such as hypersensitivity to PCP and prepulse inhibition (PPI) deficits. These behavioral deficits were ameliorated by pretreatment with the GABA(B) receptor agonist baclofen. Furthermore, the density of c-Fos-positive cells was decreased after the PPI test in the PFC of mice treated with PCP prenatally, and this effect was ameliorated by pretreatment with baclofen. These findings suggest that prenatal treatment with PCP induced GABAergic dysfunction in the PFC, which caused behavioral deficits.</P>
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