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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Michael J. Solomon (검색결과 5 건)
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Jessica Beaton,,Sharon Carey,Michael J Solomon,Ker-Kan Tan,Jane Young 대한대장항문학회 2014 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.30 No.2
Purpose: Malnutrition is associated with an increased risk of developing complications following gastrointestinal surgery, especially following radical surgeries such as pelvic exenteration. This study aims to determine if preoperative body mass index (BMI) is associated with 30-day morbidity, length of hospital stay and/or quality of life (QoL) in patients undergoing pelvic exenteration surgery for recurrent and locally-advanced rectal cancer prior to a prospective trial. Methods: A review of all patients who underwent pelvic exenteration surgery prior to 2008 was performed. Patients were included if they had a documented BMI as well as a QoL measurement (Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy - Colorectal questionnaire). Results: Thirty-one patients, with a mean age of 56 years, had preoperative height and weight data, as well as measures of postoperative QoL, and formed the study group. The numbers of patients with recurrent (n = 17) or locally-advanced rectal cancer (n = 14) were similar. The mean length of stay was 21 days while the mean BMI of the patients was 24.3 (± 5.9) kg/m2. The majority of the patients were either of normal weight (n = 15) or overweight/obese (n = 11). The average length of hospital stay was significantly longer in patients who were underweight compared to those who were of normal weight (F = 6.508, P = 0.006) and those who were overweight and obese (F = 6.508, P = 0.007). Conclusion: This study suggests that a lower body mass index preoperatively is associated with a longer length of hospital stay. BMI is not associated with long-term QoL in this patient group. However, further prospective research is required.
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Shear banding in crystallizing colloidal suspensions
Laura T. Shereda,Ronald G. Larson,Michael J. Solomon 한국유변학회 2010 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.22 No.4
We characterize the shear bands generated in simple shear flow of a crystallizing colloidal suspension. 35volume % suspensions of poly(methyl methacrylate) colloids of diameter 0.68mm were dispersed in the viscous solvent dioctyl phthalate and subjected to plane Couette flow. The equilibrium structure of this suspension was crystalline and flow accelerated its crystallization kinetics significantly. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and particle tracking were used to characterize the height-dependent velocity profile in the gap of the shear flow. Near each of the two boundary surfaces, a region of high shear rate flow was observed. A low shear rate region was observed at the center of the gap. The differences in the shear rate within the two banded regions were a function of the both the applied shear rate and strain. The effect of strain indicated that the shear band development was a transient phenomenon. We found that the boundary between the high shear rate and low shear rate regions correlated with the location of crystalline and amorphous regions in the gap of the shear cell, as visualized by confocal microscopy. Furthermore, the different local shear rates observed in the banded regions were consistent with the different viscosities of the amorphous and crystalline suspensions. The results demonstrate that shear banded flows accompany shear-induced colloidal crystallization, and that the bands exhibit transient behavior because the crystallization process itself is strain dependent.
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Noh, Heeso,Yang, Jin-Kyu,Liew, Seng Fatt,Rooks, Michael J,Solomon, Glenn S,Cao, Hui Optical Society of America 2011 Optics letters Vol.36 No.18
<P>We demonstrated lasing in two-dimensional trivalent network structures with short-range order. Despite the lack of translational and rotational symmetries, such structures possess a large isotropic photonic bandgap. Different from those of a photonic crystal, the band-edge modes are spatially localized and have high quality factor.</P>
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Role of shear-induced dynamical heterogeneity in the nonlinear rheology of colloidal gels
Hsiao, Lilian C.,Kang, Heekyoung,Ahn, Kyung Hyun,Solomon, Michael J. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 SOFT MATTER Vol.10 No.46
<P>We report the effect of flow-induced dynamical heterogeneity on the nonlinear elastic modulus of weakly aggregated colloidal gels that have undergone yielding by an imposed step strain deformation. The gels are comprised of sterically stabilized poly(methyl methacrylate) colloids interacting through short-ranged depletion attractions. When a step strain of magnitude varying from <I>γ</I> = 0.1 to 80.0 is applied to the quiescent gels, we observe the development of a bimodal distribution in the single-particle van Hove self-correlation function. This distribution is consistent with the existence of a fast and slow subpopulation of colloids within sheared gels. We evaluate the effect of incorporating the properties of the slow, rigid subpopulation of the colloids into a recent mode coupling theory for the nonlinear elasticity of colloidal gels.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>We report the effect of flow-induced dynamical heterogeneity on the nonlinear elastic modulus of weakly aggregated colloidal gels that have undergone yielding by an imposed step strain deformation. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4sm01375a'> </P>
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