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Metali Sarkar,Vikas K. Sangal,Haripada Bhunia 대한환경공학회 2020 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.25 No.3
Hydrodynamic study of Activated Sludge Process (ASP) is important to optimize the reactor performance and detect anomalies in the system. Residence time distribution (RTD) study has been performed using LiCl as tracer on a pilot scale aeration tank (AT) and ASP, treating the pulp and paper mill effluent. The hydraulic performance and treatment efficiency of the AT and ASP at different operating parameters like residence time, recycle rate was investigated. Flow anomalies were identified and based on the experimental data empirical models was suggested to interpret the hydrodynamics of the reactors using compartment modelling technique. The analysis of the RTD curves and the compartment models indicated increase in back-mixing ratio as the mean hydraulic retention time (MHRT) of the tank was increased. Bypassing stream was observed at lower MHRT. The fraction of dead zone in the tank increased by approximate 20-25% with increase in recycle rate. The fraction of the stagnant zone was found well below 5% for all performed experiments, which was under experimental error. The substrate removal of 91% for Chemical oxygen demand and 96% for Biochemical oxygen demand were observed for the ASP working at a hydraulic mean residence time 39 h MRT with a 20% recycling of activated sludge.
프리얀카,최홍림,Shamira Hazi Metali,Siti Anisah Hazi Yussof,Jiwoon Han 한국축산학회 2015 한국축산학회지 Vol.57 No.3
Background: A simple binary scoring system (SBSS) was developed and used to assess the welfare measures ofcommercial broiler chickens in South Korea. We also correlated welfare measures with environmental parameters ofbroiler house. Our measures of welfare included lameness, hock burn (HB) and foot pad dermatitis (FPD), whilstenvironmental parameters included air temperature, relative humidity, air speed, light intensity, air quality (inparticular carbon dioxide (CO2) and ammonia (NH3) concentrations) and airborne microbes. Results: The effect of environmental parameters on welfare measures was apparent even on 10-day-old broilers. Anon-parametric correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between environmental parameters and welfaremeasures. The key environmental parameters were relative humidity and light intensity. The results indicate thatthere is a need for proper control of environmental conditions on poultry farms, which could reduce health problemsand subsequently reduce disease and mortality. Conclusions: In conclusion, the simplicity of SBSS makes it preferable over more complex scoring systems and allowsa farmer to more easily assess the welfare measures on their own farm.
( Priyanka Kumari ),( Hong Lim Choi ),( Shamira Hazi Metali ),( Siti Anisah Hazi Yussof ),( Jiwoon Han ) 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2015 한국축산학회지 Vol.57 No.9
Background: A simple binary scoring system (SBSS) was developed and used to assess the welfare measures of commercial broiler chickens in South Korea. We also correlated welfare measures with environmental parameters of broiler house. Our measures of welfare included lameness, hock burn (HB) and foot pad dermatitis (FPD), whilst environmental parameters included air temperature, relative humidity, air speed, light intensity, air quality (in particular carbon dioxide (CO2) and ammonia (NH3) concentrations) and airborne microbes. Results: The effect of environmental parameters on welfare measures was apparent even on 10-day-old broilers. A non-parametric correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between environmental parameters and welfare measures. The key environmental parameters were relative humidity and light intensity. The results indicate that there is a need for proper control of environmental conditions on poultry farms, which could reduce health problems and subsequently reduce disease and mortality. Conclusions: In conclusion, the simplicity of SBSS makes it preferable over more complex scoring systems and allows a farmer to more easily assess the welfare measures on their own farm.
Kumari, Priyanka,Choi, Hong-Lim,Metali, Shamira Hazi,Yussof, Siti Anisah Hazi,Han, Jiwoon Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology 2015 한국축산학회지 Vol.57 No.3
Background: A simple binary scoring system (SBSS) was developed and used to assess the welfare measures of commercial broiler chickens in South Korea. We also correlated welfare measures with environmental parameters of broiler house. Our measures of welfare included lameness, hock burn (HB) and foot pad dermatitis (FPD), whilst environmental parameters included air temperature, relative humidity, air speed, light intensity, air quality (in particular carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and ammonia ($NH_3$) concentrations) and airborne microbes. Results: The effect of environmental parameters on welfare measures was apparent even on 10-day-old broilers. A non-parametric correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between environmental parameters and welfare measures. The key environmental parameters were relative humidity and light intensity. The results indicate that there is a need for proper control of environmental conditions on poultry farms, which could reduce health problems and subsequently reduce disease and mortality. Conclusions: In conclusion, the simplicity of SBSS makes it preferable over more complex scoring systems and allows a farmer to more easily assess the welfare measures on their own farm.