Gender, Identity and Place: Understanding Feminist Geographies

McDowell,Linda 건국대학교 몸문화연구소 2016 건국대학교 몸문화연구소 콜로키움 발표자료 Vol.2016 No.3

Treatment of Spasticity

McDowell, Fletcher H. Medical Publications Korea 1978 Medical Progress Vol.5 No.1

Machine-learning algorithms for asthma, COPD, and lung cancer risk assessment using circulating microbial extracellular vesicle data and their application to assess dietary effects

McDowell Andrea,Kang Juwon,Yang Jinho,Jung Jihee,Oh Yeon-Mok,Kym Sung-Min,Shin Tae-Seop,Kim Tae-Bum,Jee Young-Koo,Kim Yoon-Keun 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-

Although mounting evidence suggests that the microbiome has a tremendous influence on intractable disease, the relationship between circulating microbial extracellular vesicles (EVs) and respiratory disease remains unexplored. Here, we developed predictive diagnostic models for COPD, asthma, and lung cancer by applying machine learning to microbial EV metagenomes isolated from patient serum and coded by their accumulated taxonomic hierarchy. All models demonstrated high predictive strength with mean AUC values ranging from 0.93 to 0.99 with various important features at the genus and phylum levels. Application of the clinical models in mice showed that various foods reduced high-fat diet-associated asthma and lung cancer risk, while COPD was minimally affected. In conclusion, this study offers a novel methodology for respiratory disease prediction and highlights the utility of serum microbial EVs as data-rich features for noninvasive diagnosis.

Novel size and surface oxide effects in silicon nanowires as lithium battery anodes.

McDowell, Matthew T,Lee, Seok Woo,Ryu, Ill,Wu, Hui,Nix, William D,Choi, Jang Wook,Cui, Yi American Chemical Society 2011 NANO LETTERS Vol.11 No.9

<P>With its high specific capacity, silicon is a promising anode material for high-energy lithium-ion batteries, but volume expansion and fracture during lithium reaction have prevented implementation. Si nanostructures have shown resistance to fracture during cycling, but the critical effects of nanostructure size and native surface oxide on volume expansion and cycling performance are not understood. Here, we use an ex situ transmission electron microscopy technique to observe the same Si nanowires before and after lithiation and have discovered the impacts of size and surface oxide on volume expansion. For nanowires with native SiO(2), the surface oxide can suppress the volume expansion during lithiation for nanowires with diameters <???50 nm. Finite element modeling shows that the oxide layer can induce compressive hydrostatic stress that could act to limit the extent of lithiation. The understanding developed herein of how volume expansion and extent of lithiation can depend on nanomaterial structure is important for the improvement of Si-based anodes.</P>

Reevaluation of the Metabolic Essentiality of the Vitamins - Review -

McDowell, L.R. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.1

In recent years a great deal of information has accumulated for livestock on vitamin. function, metabolism and supplemental needs. The role of the antioxidant "vitamins" (carotenoids, vitamin E and vitamin C) in immunity and health of livestock has been a fruitful area of research. These nutrients play important roles in animal health by inactivating harmful free radicals produced through normal cellular activity and from various stressors. Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that these antioxidant vitamins generally enhance different aspects of cellular and noncellular immunity. A compromised immune system will result in reduced animal production efficiency through increased susceptibility to diseases, thereby leading to increased animal morbidity and mortality. Vitamin E has been shown to increase performance of feedlot cattle and to increase immune response for ruminant health, including being beneficial for mastitis control. Vitamin E given to finishing cattle at higher than National Research Council (NRC) requirements dramatically maintained the red color (oxymyoglobin) compared with the oxidized metmyoglobin of beef. Under commercial livestock and poultry production conditions, vitamin allowances higher than NRC requirements may be needed to allow optimum performance. Generally, the optimum vitamin supplementation level is the quantity that achieves the best growth rate, feed utilization, health (including immune competency), and provides adequate body reserves.

Shaping Mobile Services in the United States : Technology, Policy and Business Strategies

Stephen D. McDowell(스티븐 맥도웰),Ae-Ri Jung(정애리) 한국방송학회 2005 한국방송학회 세미나 및 보고서 Vol.- No.-

The paper will examine key technological, public policy and economic factors shaping the development of mobile services in the United States, with a special focus on non-voice and broadband services. The paper will draw upon publicly available sources, including governmental, non-governmental, and private sector research. Consideration of technology issues will examine the infrastructure deployment and coverage to support mobile services, as well as the types of services and the pricing packages that are available through subscription services and other forms of access. The results of existing survey research programs (NTIA, UCLA, Pew) that provide information about the users of advanced mobile services will also be explored. The deployment of networks and services, and the pricing of service packages, will be considered alongside an exploration of business strategies in providing and supporting mobile communications, to relate these decisions to the shaping of availability and uses of advanced mobile communications devices and services. The paper will also provide an overview of some of the key policy and regulatory issues at stake in the United States in 2005, including debates over the role of municipal governments. The implications for these decisions for guiding industry development and technology deployment, and for shaping the contours and texture of mobile communications in the United States, will also be explored.

300계열 스텐레스강의 내식성

장현구,Mcdowell, D. W.,Maybe, C. R. 한국부식학회 1976 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.5 No.1

Diagnostic Models for Atopic Dermatitis Based on Serum Microbial Extracellular Vesicle Metagenomic Analysis: A Pilot Study

양진호,Andrea McDowell,서호찬,김성원,민택기,지영구,최영우,박해심,편복양,김윤근 대한천식알레르기학회 2020 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.12 No.5

Purpose: Associations between a wide variety of diseases and the microbiome have been extensively verified. Recently, there has been a rising interest in the role the microbiome plays in atopic dermatitis (AD). Furthermore, metagenomic analysis of microbe-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) has revealed the importance and relevance of microbial EVs in human health. Methods: We compared the diversity and proportion of microbial EVs in the sera of 24 AD patients and 49 healthy controls, and developed a diagnostic model. After separating microbial EVs from serum, we specifically targeted the V3–V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rDNA gene for amplification and subsequent sequencing. Results: Alpha and beta diversity between controls and AD patients both differed, but only the difference in beta diversity was significant. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla in healthy controls and AD patients, accounting for over 85% of the total serum bacterial EVs. Also, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and Cyanobacteria relative abundances were significantly different between the AD and control groups. At the genus level, the proportions of Escherichia-Shigella, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Enterococcus were drastically altered between the AD and control groups. AD diagnostic models developed using biomarkers selected on the basis of linear discriminant analysis effect size from the class to genus levels all yielded area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of value 1.00. Conclusions: In summary, microbial EVs demonstrated the potential in their use as novel biomarkers for AD diagnosis. Therefore, future work should investigate larger case and control groups with cross-sectional or longitudinal clinical data to explore the utility and validity of serum microbiota EV-based AD diagnosis.

MINERAL STATUS OF GRAZING CATTLE IN SOUTH SULAWESI, INDONESIA: 2. MICROMINERALS

Prabowo, A.,McDowell, L.R.,Wilkinson, N.S.,Wilcox, C.J.,Conrad, J.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1991 Animal Bioscience Vol.4 No.2

Research was conducted to determine the micromineral status of grazing cattle in three climatic regions of the province of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Soil, forage, blood and liver samples were collected within the Western, Central and Eastern regions in February-March and August-September of 1987. Forages were deficient in copper, selenium and zinc. Serum copper was deficient in all regions but zinc was deficient more in the dry season. Liver copper was deficient in all regions and both seasons except in the central region in the rainy season. Based on the analyses, microminerals most likely deficient in both the rainy and dry seasons for each region were as follows: Western-copper, selenium and zinc; Central-manganese and copper; Eastern-selenium, copper and zinc. Some degree of molybdenum excess was found in the Eastern region.

Brain tumor diagnostic model and dietary effect based on extracellular vesicle microbiome data in serum

양진호,문효은,박형우,Andrea McDowell,Tae-Seop Shin,Young Koo Jee,금성민,백선하,김윤근 생화학분자생물학회 2020 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.52 No.-

The human microbiome has been recently associated with human health and disease. Brain tumors (BTs) are a particularly difficult condition to directly link to the microbiome, as microorganisms cannot generally cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). However, some nanosized extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from microorganisms can cross the BBB and enter the brain. Therefore, we conducted metagenomic analysis of microbial EVs in both serum (152 BT patients and 198 healthy controls (HC)) and brain tissue (5 BT patients and 5 HC) samples based on the V3–V4 regions of 16S rDNA. We then developed diagnostic models through logistic regression and machine learning algorithms using serum EV metagenomic data to assess the ability of various dietary supplements to reduce BT risk in vivo. Models incorporating the stepwise method and the linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) method yielded 12 and 29 significant genera as potential biomarkers, respectively. Models using the selected biomarkers yielded areas under the curves (AUCs) >0.93, and the model using machine learning resulted in an AUC of 0.99. In addition, Dialister and [Eubacterium] rectale were significantly lower in both blood and tissue samples of BT patients than in those of HCs. In vivo tests showed that BT risk was decreased through the addition of sorghum, brown rice oil, and garlic but conversely increased by the addition of bellflower and pear. In conclusion, serum EV metagenomics shows promise as a rich data source for highly accurate detection of BT risk, and several foods have potential for mitigating BT risk.