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Long-Term Performance of Recycled Concrete Aggregate for Subsurface Drainage
McCulloch, Toni,Kang, Donghoon,Shamet, Ryan,Lee, Seung Jae,Nam, Boo Hyun American Society of Civil Engineers 2017 Journal of performance of constructed facilities Vol.31 No.4
<P>Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) is one of many sustainable construction materials, and its use in drainage systems by replacing virgin aggregate is beneficial from both economic and environmental perspectives. However, the use of RCA as pipe backfill material may cause a long-term performance issue such as clogging due to fine accumulation and calcite precipitation on filter fabric. Therefore, this study investigated long-term performance of RCA regarding flow rate and calcite precipitation. Long-term permeability testing was conducted to measure the reduction of flow rate with time, and the effect of filter fabric's opening size on the flow was also evaluated. Additionally, an accelerated calcite precipitation (ACP) procedure was devised and used to estimate lifetime calcite precipitation of RCA. Two key findings are: (1)excessive RCA fine accumulation can cause significant reduction in RCA's drainage performance; and (2)the clogging due to calcite precipitation of RCA may not be as significant as the existing and/or accumulated RCA fine.</P>
Boutros, Medhat,McCulloch, James,Scott, Damian Techno-Press 2000 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.10 No.5
This paper is a presentation of an experimental study about the elastic-partly plastic behavior of rectangular hollow steel pinned struts subjected to static cyclic axial loading and the evaluation of the compressive strength of retrofitted crooked struts. Retrofitting is achieved by welding stiffening plates along the webs of damaged struts. The material follows a quasi-kinematic hardening hysteresis path as observed from coupon tests. Test results are compared to those of an analytical model showing a good agreement for both standard and retrofitted struts. The comparison of different stiffener plate dimensions shows that more efficient strengthening is achieved by using long thin stiffeners rather than short thick ones.
Respiratory Acidosis Attenuates the Anti-ischaemic Effects of the NMDA Ion Channel Blocker, CNS 1102
Park, Chun Kun,McCulloch, James,Park, Jong Min,Kang, Joon Ki,Choi, Chang Rak 대한신경외과학회 1991 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.20 No.8
비경쟁성 N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA) 길항제의 뇌허혈증에 대한 신경방어효과와 전신성 산증이 이 효과에 미치는 영향에 대하여 쥐에서 24시간 중대뇌동맥의 영구 폐쇄후 조직학적 변화를 관찰하므로써 연구하였다. 본 실험에는 새로운 NMDA 이온 통로차단제인 N-(I-Naphtyl)-N-methylguanidine hydrochloride(CNS 1102)를 사용하였는데 중대뇌동맥 폐쇄 15분전(3㎎/㎏)과 폐쇄 3시간후부터 매 6시간마다 복강내 주입(3㎎/㎏) 하였다. 그결과 중대뇌동맥 폐쇄시 정상 탄산가스 혈액내 분압(약 46㎜Hg)을 유지하였던 동물군에서 대뇌반구내 허혈용적이 35% 감소한 반면 호흡성산증(PaCO₂, 약 60㎜Hg)을 보였던 동물군에서는 CNS 1102의 항허혈효과가 관찰되지 않았다. 이는 산증에 의해 NMDA 수용체 활동이 감소되므로써 ion 통로차단제의 작동이 억제되었기 때문인 것으로 판단되었다.
Liyang Han,Thomas Morstyn,Malcolm McCulloch 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2021 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.19 No.5
One of the main objectives of a peer-to-peer energy market is to efficiently manage distributed energy resources while creating additional financial benefits for the participants. Cooperative game theory offers such a framework, and the Shapley value, a cooperative game payoff allocation based on the participants’ marginal contributions made to the local energy coalition, is shown to be fair and efficient. However, its high computational complexity limits the size of the game. In order to improve this peer-to-peer cooperative scheme’s scalability, this paper investigates and adapts a stratified sampling method for the Shapley value estimation. It then proposes a multi-step sampling strategy to further reduce the computation time by dividing the samples into incremental parts and terminating the sampling process once a certain level of estimation performance is achieved. Finally, selected case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, which is able to scale up the game from 20 players to 100 players.