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Leading for Safety: A Question of Leadership Focus
Malin Mattson Molnar,Ulrica Von Thiele Schwarz,Johnny Hellgren,Henna Hasson,Susanne Tafvelin 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2019 Safety and health at work Vol.10 No.2
Background: There is considerable evidence that leadership influences workplace safety, but less is known about the relative importance of different leadership styles for safety. In addition, a leadership style characterized by an emphasis and a focus on promoting safety has rarely been investigated alongside other more general leadership styles. Methods: Data were collected through a survey to which 269 employees in a paper mill company responded. A regression analysis was conducted to examine the relative roles of transformational, transactional (management-by-exception active; MBEA), and safety-specific leadership for different safety behavioral outcomes (compliance behavior and safety initiative behaviors) and for minor and major injuries. Results: A safety-specific leadership contributed the most to the enhanced safety of the three different kinds of leadership. Transformational leadership did not contribute to any safety outcome over and above that of a safety-specific leadership, whereas a transactional leadership (MBEA) was associated with negative safety outcomes (fewer safety initiatives and increased minor injuries). Conclusion: The most important thing for leaders aiming at improving workplace safety is to continuously emphasize safety, both in their communication and by acting as role models. This highlights the importance for leadership training programs aiming to improve safety to actually focus on safety-promoting communication and behaviors rather than general leadership. Furthermore, an overly monitoring and controlling leadership style can be detrimental to attempts at achieving improved workplace safety.
Leading for Safety: A Question of Leadership Focus
Molnar, Malin Mattson,Schwarz, Ulrica Von Thiele,Hellgren, Johnny,Hasson, Henna,Tafvelin, Susanne Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2019 Safety and health at work Vol.10 No.2
Background: There is considerable evidence that leadership influences workplace safety, but less is known about the relative importance of different leadership styles for safety. In addition, a leadership style characterized by an emphasis and a focus on promoting safety has rarely been investigated alongside other more general leadership styles. Methods: Data were collected through a survey to which 269 employees in a paper mill company responded. A regression analysis was conducted to examine the relative roles of transformational, transactional (management-by-exception active; MBEA), and safety-specific leadership for different safety behavioral outcomes (compliance behavior and safety initiative behaviors) and for minor and major injuries. Results: A safety-specific leadership contributed the most to the enhanced safety of the three different kinds of leadership. Transformational leadership did not contribute to any safety outcome over and above that of a safety-specific leadership, whereas a transactional leadership (MBEA) was associated with negative safety outcomes (fewer safety initiatives and increased minor injuries). Conclusion: The most important thing for leaders aiming at improving workplace safety is to continuously emphasize safety, both in their communication and by acting as role models. This highlights the importance for leadership training programs aiming to improve safety to actually focus on safety-promoting communication and behaviors rather than general leadership. Furthermore, an overly monitoring and controlling leadership style can be detrimental to attempts at achieving improved workplace safety.
Evaluation of layered and mixed passive treatment systems for acid mine drainage
Jeen, Sung-Wook,Mattson, Bruce Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2016 Environmental Technology Vol.37 No.22
<P>Laboratory column tests for passive treatment systems for mine drainage from a waste rock storage area were conducted to evaluate suitable reactive mixture, system configuration, effects of influent water chemistry, and required residence time. Five columns containing straw, chicken manure, mushroom compost, and limestone (LS), in either layered or mixed configurations, were set up to simulate the treatment system. The results showed that all of the five columns removed metals of concern (i.e. Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, and Zn) with a residence time of 15h and greater. Reaction mechanisms responsible for the removal of metals may include sulfate reduction and subsequent sulfide precipitation, precipitation of secondary carbonates and hydroxides, co-precipitation, and sorption on organic substrates and secondary precipitates. The results suggest that the mixed systems containing organic materials and LS perform better than the layered systems, sequentially treated by organic and LS layers, due to the enhanced pH adjustment, which is beneficial to bacterial activity and precipitation of secondary minerals. The column tests provide a basis for the design of a field-scale passive treatment system, such as a reducing and alkalinity producing system or a permeable reactive barrier.</P>
The Effect of Lost Exports caused by BSE Outbreak on U.S. BeefPrices
진현정,Won W.Koo,Jeremy W. Mattson 한국농업경제학회 2006 農業經濟硏究 Vol.47 No.4
A case of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly referred to as madcow disease, was discovered in US Washington state on December 23, 2003. The outbreak led to bans on imports of U.S. beef in a number of important markets, including Japan and South Korea. U.S. beef exports, therefore, declined significantly in 2004. This study examines exports and other demandsupply factors on U.S. meat prices to analyze the BSE effects. Results indicate that if all other factors remain the same, the drop in beef exports results in a 22 cent per pound reduction in retail beef prices. Prices in 2004 remained relative high, however, possibly due to a decline in U.S. production and strong domestic demand.