De novo Regeneration of Fertile Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Plants

Albino Margareth M.C.,Vianna Giovanni R.,Falcao Rosana,Aragao Francisco J.L. The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2005 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.7 No.4

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants were regenerated via organogenesis from mature embryonic axes, cultured on MS medium supplemented with ildole-3-ecetic acid (IAA) and thidiazuron (TDZ) for one week in the dark. Embryonic axillary regions were excised, longitudinally cut to split the both sides, and cultured for two weeks on MS medium supplemented with IAA and TDZ. The combination 0.5 mg $l^{-1}$ TDZ/0.5 mg $l^{-1}$ IAA presented the higher efficiency in shoot regeneration and the combination 0.5 mg $l^{-1}$ TDZ/0.25 mg $l^{-1}$ IAA presented the higher efficiency in conversion of shoots to plants. Regenerating explants were transferred to MS medium containing 1 mg $l^{-1}$ BAP for shoot development. All elongated shoots were rooted in vitro, presented normal phenotype and produced viable seeds. Histological analysis confirmed the mode of regeneration as de novo shoot organogenesis.

Association between decreased ovarian reserve and poor oocyte quality

( Viviane Margareth Scantamburlo ),( Renate Von Linsingen ),( Lidio Jair Ribas Centa ),( Kahisa Fontana Dal Toso ),( Debora Scaraboto ),( Edward Araujo Júnior ),( Jaime Kulak Junior ) 대한산부인과학회 2021 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.64 No.6

Objective To analyze the association between oocyte quality and decreased ovarian reserve (DOR) markers in young women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation (COS). Methods This retrospective study included 49 patients classified as having DOR based on anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, or antral follicle counts (AFCs; <10). Images of all obtained oocytes were analyzed, and oocyte quality was classified according to maturity and morphology. The COS protocol utilized gonadotropin (FSH and/or human menopausal gonadotropin [hMG]) doses ranging from 150 to 300 IU/day. The Student’s t test or Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the groups. Spearman’s coefficients were estimated to verify the correlation between the administered dose of FSH/hMG and the number of mature oocytes. To evaluate the association between patient- and oocyte-related variables, logistic regression models were adjusted. Results Women with DOR classified according to FSH level had more immature oocytes (P<0.001). Women with DOR according to AMH had fewer mature oocytes and increased basal FSH levels (P<0.001). Women with DOR according to AFC had an increased risk of abnormally shaped oocytes (P=0.035). Conclusion This study showed that DOR based on AMH levels, FSH levels, and AFC was associated with poorer quality oocytes in young women who underwent COS.

Prebiotic Activity of Pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) Shell on Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium Strains: A Medicinal Food Ingredient

Maria Margareth V. Naves,Aline M. Alves-Santos,Monik Mariele de A. Silva,Camilla Alves P. Rodrigues,Thatyane Mariano R. de Albuquerque,Evandro Leite de Souza 한국식품영양과학회 2024 Journal of medicinal food Vol.27 No.2

Pequi is a native and popular fruit in Cerrado biome. The internal yellow-orange mesocarp is the ediblefraction of the fruit, but its shell (peel and external mesocarp), which comprises 80% of the fruit, is not used by the agroindustryduring fruit processing. There is a growing interest in the reduction of food loss and waste because of environmental,economic, and social impacts. So this study evaluated the chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and in vitro prebioticactivity of pequi shell flour. Pequi shell flour was obtained from the lyophilization and milling of pequi shell. The content ofdietary fibers, oligosaccharides, sugars, organic acids, total phenolics and tannins, polyphenol profile, and antioxidant capacitywas determined in pequi shell flour. In addition, its prebiotic activity was evaluated on growth and metabolism of probioticsLactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains. Pequi shell flour has a high content of dietary fibers (47.92 g/100 g), soluble fibers(18.65 g/100 g), raffinose (2.39 g/100 g), and phenolic compounds (14,062.40 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g). For the firsttime, the polyphenols epigallocatechin gallate, epicatechin, and procyanidin B2 were identified in this by-product. Pequi shellflour promoted greater growth of Lacticaseibacillus casei L-26 (at 24–48 h) and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12,as well as higher prebiotic activity scores than fructooligosaccharides (standard prebiotic). Pequi shell flour is rich in prebioticcompounds and has a high antioxidant and prebiotic potential. The promising results encourage its use as an ingredient withantioxidant and potential prebiotic properties to elaborate new functional foods and nutraceuticals.

정철의 「훈민가」와 라자 알리 하지의 「12장 구린담」비교 연구

테레시아 마가렛(Theresia Margareth) 한국시조학회 2017 시조학논총 Vol.46 No.-

본 논문의 주제는 정철의 「훈민가」와 라자 알리 하지의 「12장 구린담」의 작품 비교이다. 정철의 「훈민가」는 16세기 시조이다. 백성들을 교육하기 위한 교훈시조이다. 유교 사상을 바탕으로 조선의 생활 방식과 언어를 가지고 만든 시조이다. 한편 라자 알리 하지의 「12장 구린담」은 19세기 구린담이다. 인도네시아 고전 시가를 가지고 백성들을 교육하기 위한 교훈 구린담이다. 네덜란드 식민지를 당한 인도네시아 백성들을 위해 이슬람교 사상을 바탕으로 만든 교훈 구린담이다. 한국과 인도네시아의 교훈 시가를 가지고 비슷한 점을 비교하였다. II장에서 시조와 구린담 두 시가의 개념과 특징 그리고 정철과 라자 알리 하지의 생애를 알아보았다. III장에서는 두 작품의 내용을 전체 구성에 따라 세 부분으로 나누어 비교 분석하였고, IV장은 결론이다. 서로 다른 문화권의 두 작품을 비교하고 비슷한 점을 찾아서 연구하였다는 점에서 비교문학의 가능성을 열어보았다. This paper theme is poem’s comparative view of 「Huminga」from Jeongcheol and 「12 Gurindam」from Raja Ali Haji. <Hunminga> was written by Jeongcheol in 16 centuries. This is an education poem that was made to educate the Joseon people. The sijo was made based on Confucianism and the people’s daily life thus use daily language which make the people easy to understand. In another hand, 「12 Gurindam」was written by Raja Ali Haji in 19 centuries. He used the old Indonesian poetry style for educating the people. He used literature and daily language so that the people can understand Islam easily. I would like to compare these two education poems because they have similar purpose, educating the people. In the part II, I would like to explain about the concept and characteristic of sijo as well as the Jeongcheol’s short biography. And I would like to explain about the concept and characteristic of gurindam as well as the Raja Ali Haji’s short biography. I would like to compare the poems in part III and make the conclusion in part IV.

Starch composition, glycemic indices, phenolic constituents, and antioxidative and antidiabetic properties of some common tropical fruits

Ganiyu Oboh,Ayokunle O. Ademosun,Margareth Akinleye,Olasunkanmi S. Omojokun,Aline A. Boligon,Margareth L. Athayde 한국식품연구원 2015 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.2 No.2

Background: Studies have supported the protective effect of high fruit consumption in the management of chronic diseases such as diabetes. Methods: Thirteen fresh tropical fruits were sourced for and the fruits juices were extracted, freeze dried, and then reconstituted for analysis. The sugar, starch, amylose, and amylopectin contents as well as glycemic indices, antioxidant properties, and the ability of the fruits to inhibit starch-hydrolyzing enzymes were determined. Also, the phenolic constituents of the fruits were characterized using highperformance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector. Results: The starch, sugar, amylase, and amylopectin contents were 3.01-3.89 g/100 g, 35.34-60.91 g/ 100 g, 0.84-1.46 g/100 g, and 1.68-2.86 g/100 g, respectively, while the glycemic indices were 28.01 e68.34, with African star apple (28.01) having the lowest and watermelon (68.34) the highest. Furthermore, the fruits exhibited high antioxidant properties as exemplified by their DPPH, ABTS+, OH, and NO radical scavenging abilities. Likewise, the fruits also demonstrated a-amylase and a-glucosidase inhibitory property with Soursop (IC50 = 18.52 mg/mL), guava (IC50 = 19.77 mg/mL), and African star apple (IC50 = 20.86 mg/mL) showing the highest inhibitory potential among the 13 fruits. Similarly, the same trend was followed for a-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Conclusion: The fruits' low glycemic indices, strong antioxidant properties, and inhibition of a-amylase and a-glucosidase activities could be possible mechanisms for their use in the management and prevention of type-2 diabetes.

Mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary disease : individual patient data meta-analysis

( Nakwon Kwak ),( Margareth Pretti Dalcolmo ),( Charles L. Daley ),( Geoffrey Eather ),( Regina Gayoso ),( Naoki Hasegawa ),( Byung Woo Jhun ),( Won-jung Koh ),( Ho Namkoong ),( Jimyung Park ),( Rache 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2018 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.126 No.-

Background: Treatment of Mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary disease (MAB-PD), which is caused by subspecies M. abscessus subspecies abscessus (M. abscessus), M. abscessus subspecies massiliense (M. massiliense), or M. abscessus subspecies bolletii, is challenging. Methods: We conducted an individual patient data meta-analysis based on published studies reporting treatment outcomes for MAB-PD to clarify the treatment outcomes for MAB-PD and the impact of each drug on treatment outcomes. Results: A total of 303 patients with MAB-PD from eight studies were included. The treatment success rate across all patients with MAB-PD was 45.6%. The specific treatment success rates were 33.0% for M. abscessus and 56.7% for M. massiliense pulmonary disease. For MAB-PD, the use of imipenem was associated with treatment success (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.36-5.10). For patients with M. abscessus, the use of azithromycin (aOR, 3.29; 95% CI, 1.26-8.62), amikacin (aOR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.05-1.99), or imipenem (aOR, 7.96; 95% CI, 1.52-41.6) increased the likelihood of treatment success. For patients with M. massiliense, the choice among these drugs did not affect the treatment outcomes. Conclusion: Treatment outcomes for MAB-PD are unsatisfactory. The use of azithromycin, amikacin, or imipenem improves treatment outcomes for patients with M. abscessus pulmonary disease.

Potential of Whole Pequi (Caryocar spp.) Fruit—Pulp, Almond, Oil, and Shell—as a Medicinal Food

Nara Rubia Rodrigues do Nascimento-Silva,Maria Margareth Veloso Naves 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Journal of medicinal food Vol.22 No.9

Pequi (Caryocar) pulp, the most consumed component of pequi fruit, is one of the richest Brazilian carotenoid sources, and the most important carotenoid food source native to the Cerrado. However, there are considerable differences among pequi species regarding total carotenoids content and carotenoids profile. Caryocar brasiliense Camb. pulp presents higher content of total carotenoids than Caryocar villosum (Aubl.) Pers. Regarding the carotenoids profile, few studies are available in the literature, mainly with C. brasiliense. Pequi pulp also has high contents of lipids, dietary fiber, zinc, and magnesium, and is source of calcium and polyphenols. Pequi almond presents high energy, lipid, protein, dietary fiber, and ash contents. Pequi oil (pulp and almond) has high levels of monounsaturated fatty acids, especially oleic acid, and relatively high contents of saturated fatty acids, mainly palmitic. Pequi shell (exocarp and external mesocarp) is the largest component of the fruit and a solid residue of the pequi processing, which is rich in dietary fibers, including soluble fibers, and phenolic compounds, mostly gallic acid, ellagic acid, and quercetin. Pulp oil is the pequi byproduct most investigated in in vivo studies. Research with pequi pulp oil in animal models has shown antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, antigenotoxic, and anticarcinogenic effects. In humans, there are evidences supporting anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and antigenotoxic effects. Studies on carotenoids profile of pequi pulp in different fruit species are recommended, and in vivo studies are necessary to better explore the potential health benefits of pequi fruit components, mainly the pequi pulp and shell.

Antioxidant Properties of Taraxacum officinale Leaf Extract Are Involved in the Protective Effect Against Hepatoxicity Induced by Acetaminophen in Mice

Dirleise Colle,Leticia Priscilla Arantes,Priscila Gubert,Soˆnia Cristina Almeida da Luz,Margareth Linde Athayde,Joa˜o Batista Teixeira ocha,Fe´lix Alexandre Antunes Soares 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.6

Acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity has been related to several cases of hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatic transplant. As APAP hepatotoxicity is related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and excessive oxidative stress,natural antioxidant compounds have been tested as an alternative therapy to diminish the hepatic dysfunction induced by APAP. Taraxacum officinale Weber (Family Asteraceae), commonly known as dandelion, is used for medicinal purposes because of its choleretic, diuretic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties. This study evaluated the hepatoprotective activity of T. officinale leaf extract against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. T. officinale was able to decrease thiobarbituric acid–reactive substance levels induced by 200 mg/kg APAP (p.o.), as well as prevent the decrease in sulfhydryl levels caused by APAP treatment. Furthermore, histopathological alterations, as well as the increased levels of serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferases caused by APAP, were prevented by T. officinale (0.1 and 0.5 mg/mL). In addition, T. officinale extract also demonstrated antioxidant activity in vitro, as well as scavenger activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and nitric oxide radicals. Our results clearly demonstrate the hepatoprotective effect of T. officinale against the toxicity induced by APAP. The possible mechanisms involved include its scavenger activities against ROS and reactive nitrogen species, which are attributed to the content of phenolic compounds in the extract.

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Leaf Sheath Dye Protects Against Cisplatin-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Rats

Adedayo O. Ademiluyi,Ganiyu Oboh,Oluwaseun J. Agbebi,Aline A. Boligon,Margareth L. Athayde 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.12

This study sought to determine the protective effect of dietary inclusion of sorghum leaf sheath dye on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in rats. Adult male rats were randomly divided into four groups with six animals in each group. Groups I and II were fed a basal diet, while groups III and IV were fed diets containing 0.5% and 1% sorghum leaf sheath dye, respectively, for 20 days before cisplatin administration. Hepatotoxicity was induced by a single dose of cisplatin (7 mg/kg body weight, i.p.), and the experiment was terminated at 3 days after cisplatin injection. The liver and plasma were studied for hepatotoxicity and antioxidant capacity. Cisplatin caused a significant (P < .05) alteration in plasma and liver enzymatic (catalase, glutathione-S-transferase [GST], and superoxide dismutase [SOD]) and nonenzymatic (glutathione [GSH] and vitamin C) antioxidant indices with a concomitant increase in the malondialdehyde (MDA) content; however, there was a significant (P < .05) restoration of the antioxidant status coupled with a significant (P < .05) decrease in the tissue MDA content, after consumption of diets containing sorghum leaf sheath dye. Furthermore, dietary inclusion of sorghum leaf sheath dye caused a marked reduction in the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase after cisplatin administration. However, the ability of the dye to prevent significant cisplatin-induced alteration of both plasma and liver antioxidant indices suggests an antioxidant mechanism of action. Hence, this protective effect of Sorghum bicolor leaf sheath dye against cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats reflects its potential and beneficial role in the prevention of liver damage associated with cisplatin administration.

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Effect of Parkia biglobosa Bark Extract on Mitochondrial Redox Status

Kayode Komolafe,Tolulope Mary Olaleye,Olaposi Idowu Omotuyi,Aline Augusti Boligon,Margareth Linde Athayde,Akintunde Afolabi Akindahunsi,Joao Batista Teixeira da Rocha 사단법인약침학회 2014 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.7 No.4

Aqueous-methanolic extract of Parkia biglobosa bark (PBB) was screened for its polyphe- nolic constituents, in vitro antioxidant activity, and effect on mitochondria redox status. The in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed by using the scavenging abilities and the reducing powers of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and 2,2 0 -azino-bis(3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) diammonium salt radical cation against Fe 3þ . Subsequently, the ability of PBB to inhibit lipid peroxidation induced by FeSO 4 (10 mm) and its metal-chelating potential were investigated. The effects of the extract on basal reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and on the mitochondrial membrane potential (DJm) in isolated mitochondria were determined by using 2 0 , 7 0 -dichlorodihy- drofluorescin (DCFH) oxidation and safranin fluorescence, respectively. PBB mitigated the Fe(II)-induced lipid peroxidation in rat tissues and showed dose-dependent scav- enging of DPPH (IC 50 : 98.33 ± 10.0 mg/mL) and ABTS. (trolox equivalent antioxidant concentration, TEAC value = 0.05), with considerable ferric-reducing and moderate metal-chelating abilities. PBB caused slight decreases in both the liver and the brain mitochondria potentials and resulted in a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in DCFH oxida- tion. Screening for polyphenolics using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) revealed the presence of caffeic acid, gallic acid, catechin, epigalocatechin, rutin, and quercetin. These results demonstrate for the first time the considerable in vitro antioxidant activity and favorable effect of PBB on mito- chondria redox status and provide justification for the use of the plant in ethnomedicine.