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Mahinda Senevirathne,Soo-Hyun Kim,You-Jin Jeon 한국영양학회 2010 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.4 No.3
Blueberry was enzymatically hydrolyzed using selected commercial food grade carbohydrases (AMG, Celluclast, Termamyl, Ultraflo and Viscozyme) and proteases (Alcalase, Flavourzyme, Kojizyme, Neutrase and Protamex) to obtain water soluble compounds, and their protective effect was investigated against H₂O₂-induced damage in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cell line (V79-4) via various published methods. Both AMG and Alcalase hydrolysates showed higher total phenolic content as well as higher cell viability and ROS scavenging activities, and hence, selected for further antioxidant assays. Both AMG and Alcalase hydrolysates also showed higher protective effects against lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and apoptotic body formation in a dose-dependent fashion. Thus, the results indicated that water soluble compounds obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of blueberry possess good antioxidant activity against H₂O₂-induced cell damage in vitro.
Senevirathne Mahinda,Jeon, You-Jin,Ha, Jin-Hwan,Lee, Chi-Ho,Cho, Somi-K.,Kim, Soo-Hyun The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2005 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.10 No.4
The antioxidant potential of a $75\%$ methanolic extract of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) and its different fractions was investigated using different reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO.), metal chelating and lipid peroxidation assays. Methylene chloride and $75\%$ methanol fractions showed equally high activities $(IC_{50} 0.010 mg/mL)$ for hydroxyl radical (HO) scavenging. Higher hydrogen peroxide $(H_2O_2)$ scavenging values were reported for the ethyl acetate and methylene chloride fractions and their $IC_{50}$ values were 0.20 and 0.15 mg/mL, respectively. Nitric oxide (NO.) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging activities were higher in ethyl acetate and methylene chloride fractions. Chloroform and water fractions showed higher activities in superoxide $(O_2.)$ scavenging. All fractions showed strong metal chelating capacities compared with the commercial antioxidants tested. The $0.1\%$ ethyl acetate fraction showed notable capacity to suppress lipid peroxidation in both fish oil and linoleic acid. Phenolic content was measured in all the fractions and methanolic extract. Among the fractions, ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest phenolic content.
Mahinda Senevirathne,Soo-Hyun Kim,Byung-Hun Um,Jung-Suk Lee,Jin-Hwan Ha,Won-Woo Lee,You-Jin Jeon 한국식품과학회 2009 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.18 No.3
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities of enzymatic digests from citrus by-products (CBPs) prepared by high speed drying (HSD). HSD needs a short time (60 min) for drying and can be used in a commercial scale. Enzymatic digests were prepared from the CBPs using 6 enzymes such as aminoglucosidase (AMG), celluclast, pectinex, termamyl, ultraflo, and viscozyme. Antioxidant activities of AMG digest from CBPs were evaluated by different in vitro models such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl, alkyl, H₂O₂ scavenging, metal chelating, lipid peroxidation, and comet assays, and exhibited strong activities. The antioxidant compounds were detected by an high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled on-line to an 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS?) scavenging detection system, and found that hesperidin was the key compound. Therefore, the results obtained in this study suggest that HSD is an effective method to transform wet CBPs into dried form, and CBPs are potential source of natural antioxidant.
Mahinda Senevirathne,Chang-Bum Ahn,Jae-Young Je 한국식품과학회 2010 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.19 No.6
Enzymatic extracts from Porphyra tenera were prepared using 4 proteases (Protamex, Neutrase, Flavourzyme,and Alcalase) and 7 carbohydrases (AMG, Celluclast,Dextrozyme, Maltogenase, Termamyl, Promozyme, and Viscozyme), and biological activities of the enzymatic extracts from P. tenera were determined as antioxidant,anti-acetylcholinestrase (AChE), and anti-inflammation. The Alcalase and Maltogenase extracts showed higher 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrozyl (DPPH) scavenging activities compared to the other extracts. At the 2.5 mg/mL, 94.38%(Alacalase extracts), and 80.13% (Maltogenase extracts)scavenging capacities were observed. The Alcalase and Maltogenase extracts were also showed strong reducing power, ferrous ion chelating, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)scavenging capacities. In addition, 2 enzymatic extracts effectively protected hydroxyl radical-induced DNA damage. In the case of AChE inhibition, the Flavourzyme (99.32%inhibition) and Viscozyme extracts (82.68% inhibition)were observed. All enzymatic extracts showed no cytotoxicity in RAW264.7 macrophages, and all enzymatic extracts effectively inhibited lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 macrophages. These results suggest that the enzymatic extracts from P. tenera would be useful as an ingredient for functional foods.
Mahinda Senevirathne,You-Jin Jeon,Jin-Hwan Ha,Soo-Hyun Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.13 No.4
Efficiency of a far-infrared radiation (FIR) dryer for drying of citrus by-products (CBPs) was evaluated through their antioxidant activities. The CBPs dried through FIR were enzymatically digested by six carbohydrases (AMG, Celluclast, Pectinase, Termamyl, Ultraflo and Viscozyme) to prepare digests for evaluation of the activities. The total polyphenolic and total flavonoid contents of the digests were determined by colorimetric assays. The AMG digest was selected for the further experiments. The antioxidant potential of the digests were evaluated by DPPH, superoxide, hydroxyl and alkyl radical scavenging activities, H₂O₂ scavenging activity, metal chelating, lipid peroxidation inhibition and the reduction of DNA damage. The AMG digest from CBPs dried through FIR at 50℃ showed strong antioxidant activities in DPPH, superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, alkyl and metal chelating assays while all the digests showed strong lipid peroxidation activities. Further, enzymatic digests showed remarkable inhibitory activities against H₂O₂-induced DNA damage. Hence, the data obtained using different in vitro models clearly established the antioxidant potential of enzymatic digests from CBPs dried through FIR. Furthermore, they can be used as a source of natural antioxidants; hence, far-infrared radiation drying is a viable method for transforming wet CBPs into a dried form without destroying the bioactive components.
Senevirathne, Mahinda,Kim, Soo-Hyun,Jeon, You-Jin The Korean Nutrition Society 2010 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.3 No.2
Blueberry was enzymatically hydrolyzed using selected commercial food grade carbohydrases (AMG, Celluclast, Termamyl, Ultraflo and Viscozyme) and proteases (Alcalase, Flavourzyme, Kojizyme, Neutrase and Protamex) to obtain water soluble compounds, and their protective effect was investigated against $H_2O_2$-induced damage in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cell line (V79-4) via various published methods. Both AMG and Alcalase hydrolysates showed higher total phenolic content as well as higher cell viability and ROS scavenging activities, and hence, selected for further antioxidant assays. Both AMG and Alcalase hydrolysates also showed higher protective effects against lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and apoptotic body formation in a dose-dependent fashion. Thus, the results indicated that water soluble compounds obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of blueberry possess good antioxidant activity against $H_2O_2$-induced cell damage in vitro.
Mahinda Senevirathne,You-Jin Jeon,Jin-Hwan Ha,Chi Ho Lee,Somi K. Cho,Soo-Hyun Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2005 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.10 No.4
The antioxidant potential of a 75% methanolic extract of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) and its different fractions was investigated using different reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO·), metal chelating and lipid peroxidation assays. Methylene chloride and 75% methanol fractions showed equally high activities (IC_(50) 0.010 mg/mL) for hydroxyl radical (HO·) scavenging. Higher hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) scavenging values were reported for the ethyl acetate and methylene chloride fractions and their IC_(50) values were 0.20 and 0.15 mg/mL, respectively. Nitric oxide (NO·) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging activities were higher in ethyl acetate and methylene chloride fractions. Chloroform and water fractions showed higher activities in superoxide (O₂·) scavenging. All fractions showed strong metal chelating capacities compared with the commercial antioxidants tested. The 0.1% ethyl acetate fraction showed notable capacity to suppress lipid peroxidation in both fish oil and linoleic acid. Phenolic content was measured in all the fractions and methanolic extract. Among the fractions, ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest phenolic content.