돼지의 선발에 있어서 능력검정 방법에 따른 육종가 및 유전적 개량량의 변화

조규호,김시동,김명직,이일주,전광주 한국동물자원과학회 2001 한국축산학회지 Vol.43 No.6

본 연구에서는 이유시체중(㎏), 90㎏ 도달일령을 대상형질로 하여 폐쇄돈군에서 이유시 체중을 기초로 5가지의 선발방법에 따라 선발된 선발축의 산육 능력을 검정하여 검정이 완료된 개체들에 대해 유전능력 평가를 실시한후 검정대상 선발두수의 크기에 따른 유전적 개량량을 비교하여 이상적인 검정방법을 찾고자 실시하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 90㎏ 도달일령에 대한 육종가 추정치의 변화는 Method Ⅴ그룹에서 -36.2일의 단축효과를 보였으며 세대당 유전적 개량량 또한 Method Ⅴ그룹에서 -7.5일로 가장 높은 개량을 보였다. 따라서 개량적인 측면에 있어서는 전수검정을 실시하는 것이 가장 좋을 것으로 사료되지만 농장의 검정능력이나 전수검정을 실시할 때 드는 초과비용에 대한 경제적인 분석은 더 연구되어져야 될 것으로 사료된다. This study was carried out to find the ideal testing method by comparing predicted breeding values, and genetic gain by the size of testing group. Tested traits were weaning weight and days to 90㎏. Five methods for selecting testing group were adopted: Method Ⅰ (MⅠ ; 30% selected based on litter weight at weaning for female, and 30% selected based on individual weight at weaning for mail), Method Ⅱ (MⅡ ; 30% selected based on individual weight at weaning for female and male, respectively), Method Ⅲ (MⅢ ; 50% selected based on individual weight at weaning for female and male, respectively), Method Ⅳ (MⅣ ; 70% selected based on individual weight at weaning for female and male, respectively), Method Ⅴ (MⅤ ; all piglets were tested). Genetic ability was evaluated by multiple trait animal model using MTDFREML package. Based on the predicted breeding values for days to 90㎏, the next generation was selected up to 5th generation. The above procedure were repeated and simulated by 4 times. The results obtained in the present study are summarized as follows; Phenotypic mean and predicted breeding values mean of days to 90㎏ was 114.3, -27.8, 113.7, -27.0, 107.5, -32.6, 105.7, -34.4, 103.7 and -36.2 days for MⅠ, MⅡ, MⅢ, MⅣ and MⅤ, respectively. Phenotypic and predicted breeding values variance of days to 90㎏ was 20.9, 4.1, 19.0, 3.4, 15.3, 1.8, 13.8, 1.7, 13.3 and 1.2 days for MⅠ, MⅡ, MⅢ, MⅣ and MⅤ, respectively. Genetic gain of days to 90㎏ was -6.2, -6.0, -7.1, -7.3 and -7.5 days for MⅠ, MⅡ, MⅢ, MⅣ and MⅤ, respectively. In all case, Method Ⅴ group, all piglets be tested, is the most efficient for improving the target economic traits.

Aluminizing and Boroaluminizing Treatments of Mar-M247 and Their Effect on Hot Corrosion Resistance in Na₂SO₄-NaCl Molten Salt

Cho, J.H.,Kim, T.W.,Son, K.S.,Yoon, J.H.,Kim, H.S.,Leisk, G.G.,Mitton, D.B.,Latanision, R.M. 대한금속재료학회 2003 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.9 No.3

The effect of surface modifications of Mar-M247 superalloy on hot corrosion resistance was examined in Na₂SO₄-NaCl molten salt. The Mar-M247 was aluminized and boroaluminized by pack cementation in Ar and underwent a cyclic hot corrosion test in Na₂SO₄-NaCl molten salt. The XRD results showed that a Ni2Al3 phase was formed between the aluminized layer and the substrate when the surface modification temperature was below 1273 K. However, a NiAl phase formed when the temperature was above 1273 K. The intensity of the XRD peak in the NiAl phase increased after post heat treatment. Hot corrosion resistance increased for the specimens containing NiAl rather than Ni₂Al₃ phase. The ductile NiAl phase suppressed the potential for crack initiation during thermal cycling. Post heat treatment increased the corrosion resistance of the aluminized layer for Mar-M247, which underwent surface modification at 1273 K and above. In the boroaluminized Mar-M247 specimens, corrosion resistance decreased as a result of the blocking of outward diffusion of Cr by boron and decreased cohesion between the oxide scale and the aluminized layer during thermal cycling.

Supplementation of oil-based inactivated H9N2 vaccine with M2e antigen enhances resistance against heterologous H9N2 avian influenza virus infection

Park, J.K.,Lee, D.H.,Cho, C.H.,Yuk, S.S.,To, E.O.,Kwon, J.H.,Noh, J.Y.,Kim, B.Y.,Choi, S.W.,Shim, B.S.,Song, M.K.,Lee, J.B.,Park, S.Y.,Choi, I.S.,Song, C.S. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2014 Veterinary microbiology Vol.169 No.3

Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H9N2 has been evolving rapidly and vaccine escape variants have been reported to cause circulation of infections and economic losses. In the present study, we developed and evaluated ectodomain of the AIV matrix 2 (M2e) protein as a supplementing antigen for oil-based inactivated H9N2 vaccine to increase resistance against vaccine escape variants. AIV H9N2 M2e antigen was expressed in Escherichia coli and supplemented to inactivated H9N2 oil emulsion vaccine. Specific pathogen-free chickens received a single injection of inactivated H9N2 oil emulsion vaccines with or without M2e supplementation. At three weeks post vaccination, hemagglutination inhibition tests and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were performed to determine serological immune responses. Challenge study using a vaccine escape H9N2 variant was performed to evaluate the efficacy of M2e supplementation. M2e antigen supplemented in oil emulsion vaccine was highly immunogenic, and a single M2e-supplemented vaccination reduced challenge virus replication and shedding more effectively than non-supplemented vaccination.

Characterization of Nutritional Value for Twenty-one Pork Muscles

Kim, J.H.,Seong, P.N.,Cho, S.H.,Park, B.Y.,Hah, K.H.,Yu, L. H.,Lim, D.G.,Hwang, I.H.,Kim, D.H.,Lee, J.M.,Ahn, C.N. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.1

A study was conducted to evaluate nutritional value for twenty-one pork muscles. Ten market-weight crossbred pigs (five gilts and five barrows) were used for evaluating proximate chemical composition, cholesterol, total iron, calorie and fatty acid contents. As preliminary analysis revealed no noticeable sex effect, pooled data from both sexes were used for the final analysis. M. rectus femoris had the highest moisture content, while m. latissimus dorsi was lowest in moisture content (p<0.05). Protein content was highest for m. longissimus dorsi and lowest for m. supraspinatus (p<0.05). The tensor fasciae and latissimus dorsi muscles contained the highest intramuscular fat (p<0.05), while rectus femoris, adductor and vastus lateralis were lowest in intramuscular fat content. When simple correlations between chemical values were computed for the pooled dataset from all muscles, intramuscular fat had significant (p<0.05) negative linear relationships with moisture (r = -0.85) and protein (r = -0.51) contents. Calorie levels were not significantly affected by fat content, while rectus femoris and latissimus dorsi muscles showed lowest and highest calorie contents, respectively (p<0.05). Polyunsaturated fatty acid content was highest (p<0.05) for both m. adductor and m. rectus femoris, while it was lowest for m. longissimus dorsi. Collectively, the current study identified a large amount of variation in nutritional characteristics between pork muscles, and the data can be used for the development of muscle-specific strategies to improve eating quality of meats and meat products.

Evolution of carbides in cold-work tool steels

Kim, H.,Kang, J.Y.,Son, D.,Lee, T.H.,Cho, K.M. Elsevier 2015 Materials characterization Vol.107 No.-

This study aimed to present the complete history of carbide evolution in a cold-work tool steel along its full processing route for fabrication and application. A sequence of processes from cast to final hardening heat treatment was conducted on an 8% Cr-steel to reproduce a typical commercial processing route in a small scale. The carbides found at each process step were then identified by electron diffraction with energy dispersive spectroscopy in a scanning or transmission electron microscope. After solidification, MC, M<SUB>7</SUB>C<SUB>3</SUB> and M<SUB>2</SUB>C carbides were identified and the last one dissolved during hot compression at 1180<SUP>o</SUP>C. In a subsequent annealing at 870<SUP>o</SUP>C followed by slow cooling, M<SUB>6</SUB>C and M<SUB>23</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB> were added, while they were dissolved in the following austenitization at 1030<SUP>o</SUP>C. After the final tempering at 520<SUP>o</SUP>C, fine M<SUB>23</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB> precipitated again, thus the final microstructure was the tempered martensite with MC, M<SUB>7</SUB>C<SUB>3</SUB> and M<SUB>23</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB> carbide. The transient M<SUB>2</SUB>C and M<SUB>6</SUB>C originated from the segregation of Mo and finally disappeared due to attenuated segregation and the consequent thermodynamic instability.

Comparison of 90‐day case‐fatality after ischemic stroke between two different stroke outcome registries using propensity score matching analysis

Yu, K‐,H.,Hong, K‐,S.,Lee, B‐,C.,Oh, M‐,S.,Cho, Y‐,J.,Koo, J‐,S.,Park, J‐,M.,Bae, H‐,J.,Han, M‐,K.,Ju, Y‐,S.,Kang, D‐,W.,Appelros, P. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Acta neurologica Scandinavica Vol.123 No.5

<P>Yu K‐H, Hong K‐S, Lee B‐C, Oh M‐S, Cho Y‐J, Koo J‐S, Park J‐M, Bae H‐J, Han M‐K, Ju Y‐S, Kang D‐W, Appelros P, Norrving B, Terent A. Comparison of 90‐day case‐fatality after ischemic stroke between two different stroke outcome registries using propensity score matching analysis. 
Acta Neurol Scand: 2011: 123: 325–331. 
© 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.</P><P><B>Background – </B> It has not been clarified whether the disparity in ischemic stroke outcome between populations is caused by ethnic and geographic differences or by variations in case mix. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis can overcome some analytical problems but is rarely used in stroke outcome research. This study was to compare the ischemic stroke case‐fatality between two PSM cohorts of Sweden and Korea.</P><P><B>Methods – </B> Prognostic variables related to baseline characteristics and stroke care were included in our PSM model. Then, we selected 7675 Swedish and 1220 Korean patients with ischemic stroke from each stroke registers and performed one‐to‐one matching based on propensity scores of each patient.</P><P><B>Results – </B> After PSM, all measured variables were well balanced in 1163 matched subjects, and the 90‐day case‐fatality was identical 6.2% (HR 0.997, 95%CI 0.905–1.099) in Sweden and Korea.</P><P><B>Conclusions – </B> No difference is found in the 90‐day case‐fatality in propensity score‐matched Swedish and Korean patients with ischemic stroke.</P>

세관 양광주 방전에서 플라즈마 확산의 완전 해

김동준,정종문,김정현,황하청,정재윤,조윤희,임현교,구제환,최은하,조광섭,Jin, D.J.,Jeong, J.M.,Kim, J.H.,Hwang, H.C.,Chung, J.Y.,Cho, Y.H.,Lim, H.K.,Koo, J.H.,Choi, E.H.,Cho, G.S. 한국진공학회 2010 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.19 No.1

관경이 수 mm인 세관 램프 내부에서 플라즈마의 확산을 조사하기 위하여 이극성(ambipolar) 확산방정식을 해하였다. 반경 방향의 확산에 의한 유리관 벽에서의 플라즈마 소멸 특성시간은 $\tau_r\;=\;(r_0/2.4)^2/D_a$로 주어진다. 반경 $r_0{\sim}1\;mm$이고 이극성 확산계수 $D_a{\sim}0.01\;m^2/s$ 이면, $\tau_r{\sim}17\;{\mu}s$이다. 이는 램프의 교류전원 구동에서 플라즈마를 유지하기 위한 구동 최소 주파수 ~30 kHz에 해당한다. 고전압이 인가되는 전극부에 발생한 고밀도의 플라즈마가 양광주로 확산되는 특성시간은 $\tau_z{\sim}0.1\;s$이다. 고밀도 플라즈마 경계에서의 시간에 대한 확산속도는 $t{\sim}10^{-6}\;s$일 때 $u_D{\sim}10^2\;m/s$이고, $t{\sim}10^{-3}\;s$이면 그 속도는 $u_D{\sim}1\;m/s$로 느려진다. 따라서 램프 길이 ~1 m에 대하여 전극부에서 생성된 고밀도 플라즈마가 양광주 전체로 확산되는 시간은 수 초가 걸린다. The ambipolar diffusion equation has been solved in a fine-tube lamp of a few mm in diameter. In the diffusion of radial direction, the plasma diffuses and vanishes away at the glass wall by recombination with the characteristic time of plasma loss is given by $\tau_r\;=\;(r_0/2.4)^2/D_a$. With the radius $r_0{\sim}1\;mm$ and the ambipolar diffusion coefficient $D_a{\sim}0.01\;m^2/s$, the vanishing time is calculated $\tau_r{\sim}10\;{\mu}s$ which corresponds to the least value of frequency 30 kHz for the sustaining the plasma in the operation of high voltage AC-power. In the diffusion of longitudinal z-direction, a high density plasma generated at the area of a high voltage electrode, diffuses into the positive column with the characteristic time $\tau_z{\sim}0.1\;s$. The plasma diffusion velocity at the boundary of high density plasma is $u_D{\sim}10^2\;m/s$ at the time $t{\sim}10^{-6}$ s and the diffusion velocity becomes slow as $u_D{\sim}1\;m/s$ at $t{\sim}10^{-3}\;s$. Therefore, for the long lamp of 1 m, it takes about several seconds for the high density plasma at the area of electrode to diffuse through the whole positive column space.

Arrays of Microplasma Jets Generated by Double Parabolic Microcavities in an Hourglass Configuration

Cho, J. H.,Kim, M. H.,Park, S.-J,Eden, J. G. IEEE 2011 IEEE transactions on plasma science Vol.39 No.11

<P>Microplasma jets have been generated in double parabolic microcavities arranged in an hourglass structure with a 300-μm-diameter throat. Fabricated by micropowder blasting of nanoporous alumina grown on Al foil, the parabolic cavities are situated back-to-back and operated with a feedstock gas having a flow rate of ~ 1.5-6 standard L/min. Arrays as large as 6 × 6 jets have been demonstrated for which the jet pitch and fill factor are 1.25 mm and 17%, respectively. Images of the visible fluorescence produced by the expansion of He microplasma jets in laboratory air provide a vivid picture of the extent of the He(2<SUP>3</SUP>S) → N<SUB>2</SUB><SUP>+</SUP> Penning ionization reaction zone.</P>

CORRELATION BETWEEN J-INTEGRAL AND CMOD IN IMPACT BEHAVIOR OF 3-POINT BEND SPECIMEN

M. S. HAN,J. U. CHO 한국자동차공학회 2006 International journal of automotive technology Vol.7 No.3

Numerical calculations are made in order to find a possible correlation between the J-integral and the crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) in dynamic nonlinear fracture experiments of 3-point bend (3PB) specimens. Both elastic-plastic and elastic-viscoplastic materials are considered at different impact velocities. The J-integral may be estimated from the crack mouth opening displacement which can be measured directly from photographs taken during dynamic experiments.

본원 치과에 내원한 치성낭종(Odontogenic Cyst)환자에 대한 임상적 고찰

조민,이상은,류재준,김성문,임재석,김회종 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1990 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.12 No.2

Odontogenic cyst has been reviewed with a report on the 193 cases clinico-statistically. We found that cysts occur frequently at third decade male as 29% and second decade female as 30%. Maxilla is prevalent site as 74.6% than mandible. Uper incisiors and lower third molars are the most prebalant teeth. Swelling is the most frequent chief complaint. After enucleating, we grafted to the cystic cavities in 10 cases.