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EXAMPLES OF SIMPLY REDUCIBLE GROUPS
Luan, Yongzhi Korean Mathematical Society 2020 대한수학회지 Vol.57 No.5
Simply reducible groups are important in physics and chemistry, which contain some of the important groups in condensed matter physics and crystal symmetry. By studying the group structures and irreducible representations, we find some new examples of simply reducible groups, namely, dihedral groups, some point groups, some dicyclic groups, generalized quaternion groups, Heisenberg groups over prime field of characteristic 2, some Clifford groups, and some Coxeter groups. We give the precise decompositions of product of irreducible characters of dihedral groups, Heisenberg groups, and some Coxeter groups, giving the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients for these groups. To verify some of our results, we use the computer algebra systems GAP and SAGE to construct and get the character tables of some examples.
Luan, D.Q.,Chang, G.B.,Sheng, Z.W.,Zhang, Y.,Zhou, W.,Li, Z.Z.,Liu, Y.,Chen, G.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.2
Poultry products are an important source of Salmonella enterica. An effective way to reduce food poisoning due to Salmonella would be to breed chickens more resistant to infection. Unfortunately host responses to Salmonella are complex with many factors involved. To learn more about responses to Salmonella in young chickens of 2 wk old, a cDNA Microarray containing 13,319 probes was performed to compare gene expression profiles between two chicken groups under control and Salmonella infected conditions. Newly hatched chickens were orally infected with S. enterica serovar Enteritidis. Since the intestine is one of the important barriers the bacteria encounter after oral inoculation, intestine gene expression was investigated at 2 wk old. There were 588 differentially expressed genes detected, of which 276 were known genes, and of the total number 266 were up-regulated and 322 were down-regulated. Differences in gene expression between the two chicken groups were found in control as well as Salmonella infected conditions indicating a difference in the intestine development between the two chicken groups which might be linked to the difference in Salmonella susceptibility. The differential expressions of 4 genes were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR and the results indicated that the expression changes of these genes were generally consistent with the results of GeneChips. The findings in this study have lead to the identification of novel genes and possible cellular pathways, which are host dependent.
Bacterial endophytes from ginseng and their biotechnological application
Luan Luong Chu,Hanhong Bae 고려인삼학회 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.1
Ginseng has been well-known as a medicinal plant for thousands of years. Bacterial endophytes ubiquitously colonize the inside tissues of ginseng without any disease symptoms. The identification of bacterial endophytes is conducted through either the internal transcribed spacer region combined with ribosomal sequences or metagenomics. Bacterial endophyte communities differ in their diversity and composition profile, depending on the geographical location, cultivation condition, and tissue, age, and species of ginseng. Bacterial endophytes have a significant effect on the growth of ginseng through indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and siderophore production, phosphate solubilization, and nitrogen fixation. Moreover, bacterial endophytes can protect ginseng by acting as biocontrol agents. Interestingly, bacterial endophytes isolated from Panax species have the potential to produce ginsenosides and bioactive metabolites, which can be used in the production of food and medicine. The ability of bacterial endophytes to transform major ginsenosides into minor ginsenosides using b-glucosidase is gaining increasing attention as a promising biotechnology. Recently, metabolic engineering has accelerated the possibilities for potential applications of bacterial endophytes in producing beneficial secondary metabolites.
Luan Luong Chu,Ramesh Prasad Pandey,Tae-Su Kim,Van Thuy Thi Pham,Jae Kyung Sohng 한국당과학회 2018 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.01
Single vessel multi-enzyme UDP-α-D-glucose recycling system was coupled with a forward glucosylation reaction to produce glucose moiety conjugated novel derivatives of different tetracycline antibiotic analogues. Among five tetracycline analogues used for the reaction, four molecules (chlorotetracycline, doxytetracycline, meclotetracycline, and minotetracycline) were accepted by a glycosyltransferase enzyme, YjiC, from Bacillus licheniformis to produce glucoside derivatives. However, the enzyme was unable to conjugate sugar unit to rolitetracycline. All glucosides of tetracycline derivatives were characterized by ultraviolet absorbance maxima, ultra-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with photo-diode-array, and high-resolution quadruple time-of-flight electrospray mass spectrometry analyses. These synthesized glucosides are novel tetracycline derivatives. The conversion of tetracycline analogues to respective glucosides has been found to be very low yet. This gives the clue that the enzyme has low preferences toward tetracycline molecules. Attachment of bulky group in rolitetracycline might have prevented the molecule to reach the catalytic cleft of GT enzyme. Results of this research could become a basis to explore the possibility of synthesizing glucosylated derivatives of different tetracyclines using GT enzyme.
Energy Efficiency Assessment in Plunge-Face Grinding of Cemented Tungsten Carbide Cutting Inserts
Luan Carreira,Amauri Hassui,Carlos Ventura 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.10 No.6
Due to the high demand for electricity in the manufacturing industry and the efforts to reduce environmental impact, investigations to increase energy efficiency in machining processes have been increasingly carried out. However, information on the behavior of insert grinding process is rarely found. Within this context, this work presents results related to the influence of grinding parameters and abrasive tool characteristics on the energy efficiency during plunge-face grinding of cemented tungsten carbide cutting inserts. For this, grinding forces and consumed electrical energy were measured during the process and sustainability indexes to analyze the relation between insert quality (surface and edge roughness) and consumed energy were calculated in different process conditions. As a result, it was observed that grinding parameters had little influence on insert quality, but an increase in the axial feed speed reduced the consumed energy in approximately 60%, leading to sustainability indexes next to one, i.e., to a greater equilibrium between energy consumption and quality properties.
Luan, Yun-Yan,Liu, Zi-Min,Zhong, Jin-Yi,Yao, Ru-Yong,Yu, Hong-Sheng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.2
Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) refers to the unique ability of highly aggressive tumor cells to mimic the pattern of embryonic vasculogenesis, which was associated with invasion and metastasis. The grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs) had attracted much attention as a potential bioactive anti-carcinogenic agent. However, GSPs regulation of VM and its possible mechanisms in a triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBCs) remain not clear. Therefore, we examined the effect of GSPs on VM information in HCC1937 cell model. In this study, we identified the VM structure via the three-dimensional (3D) matrix in vitro. Cell viability was measured using the CCK8 assay. The effects of GSPs on human triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBCs) HCC1937 in terms of related proteins of VM information were determined using western blot analysis. In vitro, the tubular networks were found in highly invasive HCC1937 cells but not in the non-invasive MCF-7 cells when plated on matrigel. The number of vascular channels was significantly reduced when cells were exposed in GSPs ($100{\mu}g$/ml) and GSPs ($200{\mu}g/mL$) groups (all p<0.001). Furthermore, we found that treatment with GSPs promoted transition of the mesenchymal state to the epithelial state in HCC1937 cells as well as reducing the expression of Twist1 protein, a master EMT regulator.GSPs has the ability to inhibit VM information by the suppression of Twist1 protein that could be related to the reversal of epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) process. It is firstly concluded that GSPs may be an p otential anti-VM botanical agent for human TNBCs.
Luan, Van Hoang,Son, Hye Jeong,Chung, Jin Suk,Hur, Seung Hyun American Scientific Publishers 2017 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.17 No.10
<P>Herein, a three-dimensional (3D) reduced graphene oxide hydrogel (rGOH) was fabricated by crosslinking ethylene diamine (EDA) and the functional groups of GO in the presence of one-dimensional (1D) Ag nanowires (NWs). The Ag NWs increased the electrical conductivity and the pore size of the final 3D structures. The capacitance of Ag-rGOH (369 F g(-1)) was 1.7 times higher than that of EDA-rGOH (218 F g(-1)) and 1.3 times higher than that of a physically mixed sample with the same Ag content. Moreover, the Ag-rGOH electrode also exhibits excellent long-term stability with a capacitance retention of more than 90% over 1,000 cycles and a high energy of 2.2 Wh kg(-1) at 900 W kg(-1).</P>