Correlation of Cancer Stem-Cell Markers OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG with Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis in Operative Patients with Rectal Cancer

Liuping You,Xin Guo,Yuenan Huang 연세대학교의과대학 2018 Yonsei medical journal Vol.59 No.1

Purpose: To investigate the association of cancer stem-cell markers [octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), sex determiningregion Y-box 2 (SOX2), and Nanog homebox (NANOG)] expression with clinicopathological properties and overall survival (OS) in operative rectal cancer (RC) patients receiving adjuvant therapy. Materials and Methods: 153 patients with primary RC receiving surgery were enrolled. Tumor tissue and paired adjacent normal tissue sample were collected, and OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG expressions were assessed by immunofluorescent staining. The medianfollow-up duration was 5.2 years, and the last follow-up date was August 2016. Results: Tumor tissue OCT4 (p<0.001), SOX2 (p=0.003), and NANOG (p<0.001) expressions were higher than those in adjacent tissue. OCT4 expression was positively correlated with pathological grade (R=0.185, p=0.022), tumor size (R=0.224, p=0.005), and N stage (R=0.170, p=0.036). NANOG expression was positively associated with tumor size (R=0.169, p=0.036). Kaplan-Meier suggestedthat OCT4+ was associated with worse OS compared with OCT4− (p<0.001), while no association of SOX2 (p=0.121) and NANOG expressions (p=0.195) with OS was uncovered. Compared with one or no positive marker, at least two positive markers were associated with shorter OS (p<0.001), while all three positive markers were correlated with worse OS compared with two or less positive markers (p<0.001). Multivariate Cox’s analysis revealed that OCT4+ (p<0.001) and N stage (p=0.046) were independentfactors for shorter OS. Conclusion: Tumor tissue OCT4 expression was correlated with poor differentiation, tumor size, and N stage, and it can serve as an independent prognostic biomarker in operative patients with RC receiving adjuvant therapy.

Effects of Daidzein on Testosterone Synthesis and Secretion in Cultured Mouse Leydig Cells

Zhang, Liuping,Cui, Sheng Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2009 Animal Bioscience Vol.22 No.5

The objective of this work was to study the direct effects of daidzein on steroidogenesis in cultured mouse Leydig cells. Adult mouse Leydig cells were purified by Percoll gradient centrifugation, and the cell purity was determined using a $3{\beta}$-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase ($3{\beta}$-HSD) staining method. The purified Leydig cells were exposed to different concentrations ($10^{-7}$ M to $10^{-4}$ M) of daidzein for 24 h under basal and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-stimulated conditions. The cell viability and testosterone production were determined, and the related mechanisms of daidzein action were also evaluated using the estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780 and measuring the mRNA levels of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc), and $3{\beta}$-HSD-1 involved in testosterone biosynthesis. The results revealed that daidzein did not influence cell viability. Daidzein increased both basal and hCG-stimulated testosterone production in a dose-dependent manner, and this effect was statistically significant at concentrations of $10^{-5}$ M and $10^{-4}$ M daidzein (p<0.05). ICI 182,780 had no influence on daidzein action. RTPCR results revealed that $10^{-5}$ M and $10^{-4}$ M daidzein did not exert any obvious influence on the mRNA level of P450scc in Leydig cells. However, in the presence of hCG, these concentrations of daidzein significantly increased the StAR and $3{\beta}$-HSD-1 mRNA levels (p<0.05), but in the absence of hCG, only $10^{-5}$ M and $10^{-4}$ M daidzein up-regulated the StAR and $3{\beta}$-HSD-1 mRNA expression (p<0.05), respectively. These results suggest that daidzein has direct effect on Leydig cells. Daidzein-induced increase of testosterone production is probably not mediated by the estrogen receptor but correlates with the increased mRNA levels of StAR and $3{\beta}$-HSD-1.

한중디자인워크: 스마트 시티

반영환,FuZhiYon,LiuPing 한국HCI학회 2014 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.2

Integrated Anti-Windup Architecture Using a Disturbance Observer Framework for High Performance LCL Current Regulators

Luke McNabb,Brendan McGrath,Liuping Wang,Grahame Holmes 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

Pulse-width modulated (PWM) inverters include a hard non-linear saturation constraint in their output characteristics due to the finite DC bus voltage. High gain current regulators are inevitably exposed to this saturation constraint, which can cause integral and resonator states within the current control system to windup to large values, potentially compromising the inverter transient response. Feedback anti-windup architectures are used as an optimal means to counteract this effect. However the realization of this type of anti-windup strategy is challenging, particularly when cascaded harmonic compensators are required, due to the need to re-formulate the controller transfer function. In this paper, we sidestep this issue by developing the stationary frame resonant controller inherently in the required feedback form through the use of a disturbance observer framework. This simplification is particularly suitable for multi-resonant and (partial) state feedback regulators with active damping for LCL line filtered plant.

Elevated thyroid hormones caused by high concentrate diets participate in hepatic metabolic disorders in dairy cows

Chen Qu,Wu Chen,Yao Zhihao,Cai Liuping,Ni Yingdong,Mao Shengyong 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.8

Objective: High concentrate diets are widely used to satisfy high-yielding dairy cows; however, long-term feeding of high concentrate diets can cause subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). The endocrine disturbance is one of the important reasons for metabolic disorders caused by SARA. However, there is no current report about thyroid hormones involved in liver metabolic disorders induced by a high concentrate diet. Methods: In this study, 12 mid-lactating dairy cows were randomly assigned to HC (high concentrate) group (60% concentrate of dry matter, n = 6) and LC (low concentrate) group (40% concentrate of dry matter, n = 6). All cows were slaughtered on the 21st day, and the samples of blood and liver were collected to analyze the blood biochemistry, histological changes, thyroid hormones, and the expression of genes and proteins. Results: Compared with LC group, HC group showed decreased serum triglyceride, free fatty acid, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, increased hepatic glycogen, and glucose. For glucose metabolism, the gene and protein expression of glucose-6- phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 in the liver were significantly up-regulated in HC group. For lipid metabolism, the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1, and fatty acid synthase in the liver was decreased in HC group, whereas carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α were increased. Serum triiodothyronine, thyroxin, free triiodothyronine (FT3), and hepatic FT3 increased in HC group, accompanied by increased expression of thyroid hormone receptor (THR) in the liver. Conclusion: Taken together, thyroid hormones may increase hepatic gluconeogenesis, β-oxidation and reduce fatty acid synthesis through the THR pathway to participate in the metabolic disorders caused by a high concentrate diet. Objective: High concentrate diets are widely used to satisfy high-yielding dairy cows; however, long-term feeding of high concentrate diets can cause subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). The endocrine disturbance is one of the important reasons for metabolic disorders caused by SARA. However, there is no current report about thyroid hormones involved in liver metabolic disorders induced by a high concentrate diet.Methods: In this study, 12 mid-lactating dairy cows were randomly assigned to HC (high concentrate) group (60% concentrate of dry matter, n = 6) and LC (low concentrate) group (40% concentrate of dry matter, n = 6). All cows were slaughtered on the 21st day, and the samples of blood and liver were collected to analyze the blood biochemistry, histological changes, thyroid hormones, and the expression of genes and proteins.Results: Compared with LC group, HC group showed decreased serum triglyceride, free fatty acid, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, increased hepatic glycogen, and glucose. For glucose metabolism, the gene and protein expression of glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 in the liver were significantly up-regulated in HC group. For lipid metabolism, the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1, and fatty acid synthase in the liver was decreased in HC group, whereas carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α were increased. Serum triiodothyronine, thyroxin, free triiodothyronine (FT3), and hepatic FT3 increased in HC group, accompanied by increased expression of thyroid hormone receptor (THR) in the liver.Conclusion: Taken together, thyroid hormones may increase hepatic gluconeogenesis, β-oxidation and reduce fatty acid synthesis through the THR pathway to participate in the metabolic disorders caused by a high concentrate diet.

Effect of Ginsenosides Rb$_1$, Rg$_1$, Rh$_1$ and Re on Enzymes Content and Unschduled DNA Synthesis of Cells in Vitro

Liu, Ping,Zhang, Wei,Ge, Ying-Chun,Zhang, Shu-Chen The Korean Society of Ginseng 1993 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.17 No.2

Experimental study on the wake characteristics of the circular cylinder with the V-groove surface

Liu Ping,Wang Deqiang,Yan Fei 대한조선학회 2022 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.14 No.1

In order to understand the wake characteristics for the circular cylinder with the V-groove surface, the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) technology are used to measure and analyze the flow field velocity and the flow characteristic of the wake flow of the circular cylinder with the V-groove surface. This study focuses on the length of the velocity gradient, the Reynolds stress, the turbulent kinetic energy, the vortex shedding process, and the velocity fluctuating characteristics of flow field with POD technology. Compared with the smooth cylinder, the velocity gradient of the circular cylinder with the V-groove surface are larger. The peak values of Reynolds stress of the circular cylinders with the V-groove surface (the peak values are 0.33, 0.28 and 0.24) is lower than that of the smooth cylinder (0.39), and the peak values of turbulent kinetic energy are also lower. The recirculation region of the circular cylinders with the V-groove surface is larger, the length of the recirculation region are increased by 5.9%, 13.0% and 16.1% respectively, and it implies the suppression of vortex by the V-groove structure. Otherwise, the correlation of POD mode coefficients is disturbed for the circular cylinders with the V-groove surface, further proving that the effect of V-groove structure on vortex shedding.

Model of the onset of liquid entrainment in large branch T-junction with the consideration of surface tension

Liu, Ping,Shen, Geyu,Li, Xiaoyu,Gao, Jinchen,Meng, Zhaoming Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.3

The T-junction exists widely in industrial engineering, especially in nuclear power plants, which plays an important part in nuclear power reactor thermal-hydraulics. However, the existing prediction models of the liquid entrainment are mainly based on the small branches or small breaks while there are a few researches for large branches (d/D > 0.2). Referring to the classical models about the onset of liquid entrainment of the T-junction, most of previous models regard liquid as ideal working fluid and ignore surface tension. This paper aims to study the effect of surface tension on the liquid entrainment, and develops an improved model based on the reasonable assumption. The establishment of new model employs the methods of force analysis, dimensional analysis. Besides, the dimensionless Weber number is adopted innovatively into the model to show the effect of surface tension. What is more, in order to validate the new model, three kinds of working fluids with different surface tensions are creatively adopted in the experiments: water, silicone oil and ethyl alcohol. The final results show that surface tension has a nonnegligible effect on the onset of liquid entrainment in large branch T-junction. The new model is well matched with the experimental data.

海牙取证公约在中国的实施与实践

Liu Ping,Peng Hong 전북대학교 부설법학연구소 2017 法學硏究 Vol.54 No.-

The Hague Evidence Convention aims to coordinate the conflict of extraterritorial evidence collection, due to the difference of judicial system in the process of extraterritorial evidence collection by the contracting parties. This is China’s accession to the “20th anniversary Hague Convention”, after decades of exploration and research, the international judicial assistance in the implementation and practice of our country has matured, but there are also many problems, needs further reform and perfection. 《海牙取证公约》意在协调各缔约国在域外取证的过程中因司法制度差异而产生域外取 证的冲突。 今年是我国加入《海牙取证公约》二十周年, 经历了几十年的探索和研究, 国际 民商事司法协助在我国的实施和实践日臻成熟, 但同时也存在许多问题, 有待进一步改革 和完善。

Effects of surface materials of self-draining beds on cattle behavior in a temperate climate

Liu Ping,Guo Lulu,Zhang Fulan,Li Lin,Mao Huaming,Gu Zhaobing 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.11

Objective: The objective of the present experiment was to construct self-draining beds to keep surface bedding materials clean and dry for beef cattle comfort in a temperate climate. Methods: In Experiment 1, a self-draining bed was covered with sand at depths of 10 cm (S-10a), 15 cm (S-15), and 20 cm (S-20) respectively. In Experiment 2, self-draining beds of different sizes were covered with 10 cm of sand (S-10b) and wood shavings (WS) at depths of 15 cm and 20 cm (WS-15 and WS-20). Fifteen cattle were engaged to evaluate the comfort of self-draining beds covered with different bedding materials. Results: No cattle lay in the feed alley and cattle spent more time lying on S-10a than S-15 or S-20 in Experiment 1 (p<0.01). No difference in lying time was detected between S-15 and S-20 (p>0.05). In Experiment 2, no cattle selected the feed alley as the lying area. Cattle preferred WS-15 as the lying area and time spent lying on WS-20 was slightly higher than on S-10b (p<0.05). Feces weight was higher in the feed alley than in the different bedding areas in both Experiments 1 and 2 (p<0.01). Conclusion: Sand-bedding depth at 10 cm and WSs at 15 cm above the self-draining bed can provide for the lying comfort of beef cattle. Design of a special feed alley to hold most of the feces to keep bedding materials clean and dry is desirable for organic beef cattle in a loose barn.