L-THIA/NPS to Assess the Impacts of Urbanization on Estimated Runoff and NPS Pollution

임경재,비니드엥겔,김영석,최증대,김기성 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 2003 環境硏究 Vol.20 No.-

The land use changes from non-urban areas to urban areas lead to the increased impervious areas, consequently increased direct runoff and higher peak runoff. Urban areas have also been recognized as significant sources of Nonpoint Source (NPS) pollution, while agricultural activities have been known as the primary sources of NPS pollution. Many features of the L-THIA/NPS GIS, L-THIA/NPS WWW system have been enhanced to provide easy-to-use system. The L-THIA model was applied to the Little Eagle Creek (LEC) watershed in Indiana to evaluate the accuracy of the model. The L-THIA/NPS GIS estimated yearly direct runoff values match the direct runoff separated from U.S. Geological Survey stream flow data reasonably. The R2 and Nash-Sutcliffe values are 0.67 and 0.60, respectively. The L-THIA estimated runoff volume and total nitrogen loading for each land use classification in the LEC watershed were computed. The estimated runoff volume and total nitrogen loading in the LEC watershed increased by 180% and 270% for the 20 years. Urbanized areas - "Commercial", "High Density Residential", and "Low Density Residential" of the LEC watershed made up around 68% of the 1991 total land areas, however contributed more than 92% of average annual runoff and 86% of total nitrogen loading. Therefore, it is essential to consider the impacts of land use change on hydrology and water quality in land use planning of urbanizing watershed.

순열ㆍ구개열 환자 부모와 정상 성인의 두개안면 형태에 관한 비교 연구

임숙영,고광준 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 1993 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study was to determine whether any difference existed in craniofacial morphology between parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate and parents of children without cleft lip and/or palate as well as the characteristics of craniofacial morphology in parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate. Thirty three measurements of the various regions of cranium and face were obtained from lateral cephalometric radiograms in parents of 28 children with cleft lip and palate, 18 children with cleft lip, and 22 children with cleft palate. There were 28 couples and 40 single parents in this sample. There were 92 individuals including 41 males and 51 females. The measurements were compared with those in control subjects, including 40 adult males and 40 adult females, who had no history of craniofacial abnormalities. The total sample was compared for the sex independently. The obtained results were as follows. 1. In the cranium, both parents of cleft children had significantly shorter posterior cranial base length(S-Ba). 2. In the upper face, a significantly shorter anteroposterior length of maxilla(A'-Ptm'), particularly in the anterior region (A'-K'), anterior facial depth(A-SBaL), posterior facial height(Ptm'-SNL) and relation of subnasale to the cranial base(<BaN"Sn) were noted in fathers of cleft children. But, all measurements were not found to be significantly different between experimental group and control group in all mothers. 3. In the lower face, both parents of cleft children showed a significantly greater Y axis angle(<NSGn)and ramal plane angle(<SNL-RP) in fathers of cleft children. Thus both patents showed a posteriorly rotation of mandible. The thickness of the lower lip(B-B") was significantly thicker in fathers of cleft children. 4. In the facial profile, a significantly shorter posterior facial height(S-Go) and greater angle of soft tissue facial convexity (<BaN"Pog") were noted in the fathers of cleft children. But, all measurements were not found to be significantly different between experimental group and control group in all mothers.

재가 노인의 식습관

임영미,김정숙 노인간호학회 2007 노인간호학회지 Vol.9 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the individual and health-related characteristics of eating habits in community dwelling elders in Korea. Method: A cross-sectional survey was done using a sample of 366 elders, over 65 years of age. from three metropolitan areas, three middle urban areas and one rural area. Based on a literature review, the Eating Behavior Scale (EBS) was developed, consisting of 11 yes/no responses (yes=1, no=0). EBS scores were calculated as the sum of responses. Demographic and health-related data were also obtained, Independent t-test and ANOVAs were used for data analysis. Results: Variables in education, spouse, religion, and living arrangement were found to significantly affect eating habits (p<.05) as were health perception, exercise, and smoking. (p<.05) Elders with higher education, practicing religion, and still living with their spouse had better eating habits, and elders with good perception of health, who exercised regularly, and who did not smoke also had better eating habits, Conclusions: These findings provide an understanding of eating habits of community dwelling elders, and will aid in the development of specific strategies for health promotion for those elders who have no spouse, live alone, have a low perception of health, and do not exercise, but smoke.

신경주위 전파를 수반한 유선낭종암

임숙영,최은숙,김민숙,고광준 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 1992 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.22 No.2

This is a report of adenoid cystic carcinoma occurred in the palate in 30-year-old patient with a complaint of exophytic mass. The authore dignosed it as adenoid cystic carcinoma by the clinical examination, radiographic findings and histopathological findings. The obtained results are as follows ; 1. In clinical examination, asymptomatic exophytic mass of palate was observed. 2. in radiographic findings, soft tissue mass infiltrated the left maxillary sinus, nasal cavity, infraorbital fossa, hard palate, pterygopalatine fossa and pterygoid plate, and enhanced soft tissue mass was also observed in CT. 3. In histopathological findings, tubular and solid patterns of glandular structures were observed and the infiltration of tumor cells into the nerve fibers was also observed. 4. Two years after radical surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy, the perineural spread to orbital area was observed. 5. Much longer follow-up than 5 years in needed for early diagnosis off recurrence and distant metastasis.

幼兒基 社會化 過程과 TV에 關한 硏究

林聖惠,金英淑 진주여자전문대학 1990 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of TV on chilren's socialization. The specific problems of this research are as follows : First, how much is T.V. related to children's socialization and what influence does the former have on the latter? Second, what is the limitation or problem connoted in the above question? This reseach has been made by referring to various documentary records, Following the introduction which lays the ground work of the reseach, chapter Ⅱ develops an appropriate concept of socialization. While introducing its theoretical background. Chapter Ⅲ examines the influence of TV on children's socializations ; chiefly on prosocial, antisocial(aggression and violence), activities, information, stereotyping, control or habits gained from TV viewing, and character. In summary and conclusion the in fluences of TV on children's socialization are analyzed. According to this review there were four limitations or problems : 1. Influence of TV on children's socialization can not be examined detached from children's environment, influence of parents, value of attitude of reference group etc. 2. It is difficult to gain 'control group'. 3. It is difficult to know 'long effect' 4. It is difficult to clarify the cause of children's socialization. Anyway, the precise influences of TV on childrens socialization can not be measured accurately. TV, however may act as a strong agent having influence on children's socialization. Therefore, it is very important to overcome the four limitations of problems previously stated.

부비동염에 관한 전산화단층방사선학적 연구

고광준,임숙영,최선영 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 1999 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.29 No.2

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the computed tomographic (CT) images of the paranasal sinusitis(PNS). Materials and Methods : The author examined the extent and recurring patterns of the paranasal sinusitis and some important anatomic landmarks. The author analyzed PNS images retrospectively in 500 patients who visited Chonbuk National University Hospital between January 1996 and December 1997. Results : The most frequently affected sinus was maxillary sinus(82.9%), followed by anterior ethmoid sinus(67.9%), posterior ethmoid sinus(48.9%), frontal sinus(42.0%) and sphenoid sinus(41.4%). The characteristic features of CT images of the sinusitis were sinus opacification(22.4%), mucoperiosteal thickening(34.3%), and polyposis(2.0%). Sinonasal inflammatory diseases were categorized into 5 patterns according to Babbel's classification. They were 1) infundibular(13.0%), 2) ostiomeatal unit(67.4%), 3) sphenoethmoidal recess(13.0%), 4) sinonasal polyposis(9.6%) and 5) unclassifiable patterns(18.0%). The incidence of contact between sinus and optic nerve were as follows ; the incidences of contact with posterior ethmoid sinus, sphenoid sinus, both posterior sinuses were 11.4%, 66.8%, 6.3%, respectively. The incidences of contact between sphenoid sinus and maxillary nerve, vidian nerve, internal carotid artery were 74.5%, 79.2%, 45.1%, respectively. The incidences of pneumatization of the posterior ethmoid sinus were as follows ; normal 70.6% and overriding type 29.4%. The incidence of sphenoid sinus pneumatization were as follows ; normal 56.9%, rudimentary 12.5%, pterygoid recess 22.7%, anterior clinoid recess 2.7%, and both pterygoid and anterior clinoid recess type 5.2%. Conclusions : The inflammatory sinonasal diseases were classified into five patterns using the CT of PNS, which was proven to be an excellent imaging modality providing detailed information about mucosal abnormality, pathologic patterns, and the proximity of the important structures to the posterior paranasal sinuses. The result will aid in the interpretation of CT of PNS functionally and systemically.(J Korean Oral Maxillofac Radiol 1999;29:459-476)

전산화단층사진을 이용한 부비동의 해부학적 변이에 관한 연구

고광준,박주미,임숙영,최선영 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 1999 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.29 No.2

Objectives : To evaluate the anatomic variations of the paranasal sinuses on computed tomographs. Material and Methods : The author examined the CT images of the paranasal sinuses retrospectively in 500 patients who visited Chonbuk National University Hospital between January 1996 and December 1997. Results : The highest incidence of anatomic variation of the paranasal sinuses in bilateral structures was agger nasi cell(73.2%), followed by concha bullosa(31.1%), Onodi cell(24.0%), Haller cell(19.8%), maxillary sinus septum(13.0%), paradoxical middle turbinate(2.5%), pneumatized uncinate process(2.0%), and bent uncinate process. The highest incidence of anatomic variation in midline structures was nasal septum deviation(53.2%), followed by nasal septum aerated(29.4%), bulla galli(24.7%) asymmetric intersphenoid septum(22.3%), and nasal septum spur(13.8%). The correlation between anatomic variation and paranasal sinusitis was not found. Conclusions : The results of this study will aid in the diagnosis and treatment of paranasal sinus diseases, especially in the treatment planning before functional endoscopic surgery.(J Korean Oral Maxillofac Radiol 1999;29:477-492)

Effect of low-dose valsartan on proteinuria in normotensive immunoglobulin A nephropathy with minimal proteinuria: a randomized trial

( Young Il Jo ),( Ha Young Na ),( Ju Young Moon ),( Sang Woong Han ),( Dong Ho Yang ),( Sang Ho Lee ),( Hyeong Cheon Park ),( Hoon Young Choi ),( So Dug Lim ),( Jeong Hae Kie ),( Yong Kyu Lee ),( Sug 대한내과학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.31 No.2

Background/Aims: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is a generally progressive disease, even in patients with favorable prognostic features. In this study, we aimed to investigate the antiproteinuric effect and tolerability of lowdose valsartan (an angiotensin II receptor blocker) therapy in normotensive IgAN patients with minimal proteinuria of less than 0.5 to 1.0 g/day. Methods: Normotensive IgAN patients, who had persistent proteinuria with a spot urine protein-to-creatinine ratio of 0.3 to 1.0 mg/mg creatinine, were recruited from five hospitals and randomly assigned to either 40 mg of valsartan as the low-dose group or 80 mg of valsartan as the regular-dose group. Clinical and laboratory data were collected at baseline, and at 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks after valsartan therapy. Results: Forty-three patients (low-dose group, n = 23; regular-dose group, n = 20) were enrolled in the study. Proteinuria decreased significantly not only in the regular-dose group but also in the low-dose group. The change in urine protein-to-creatinine ratio at week 24 was -41.3% ± 26.1% (p < 0.001) in the regular- dose group and -21.1% ± 45.1% (p = 0.005) in the low-dose group. In the lowdose group, blood pressure was constant throughout the study period, and there was no symptomatic hypotension. In the regular-dose group, blood pressure decreased at weeks 8 and 12. No significant change in glomerular filtration rate, serum creatinine level, or serum potassium level was observed during the study period. Conclusions: Our results suggest that low-dose valsartan can significantly reduce proteinuria without causing any intolerability in normotensive IgAN patients with minimal proteinuria.

OORBS PROTOTYPE MODELING에 관한 연구

임영석(Young Sug Lim),김기태(Ki Tae Kim) 한국정보과학회 1987 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.14 No.2

전문가 시스템은 해당 분야의 모든 전문지식을 수용 하여 하여야 하는데 최근의 전문가 시스템의 지식베이스는 대형화 되었을 때 어떻게 효율적인 처리를 할 수 있는가를 하는 문제에 많은 관심이 집중되어져 있다. 본 논문에서는 지식베이스가 대형화 되었을 때 어떻게 하는 것이 효율적인 지식베이스를 구성하는 것인가에 대해 Object-Oriented 를 이용하여 지식베이스 내 각 부분을 독립시킨 OORBS 를 설계하는데 있다.

복강경술을 이용한 난소 병변의 치료

임윤경,김영아,조미영,안상태,유희석,김미란,황경주 대한산부인과학회 2002 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.45 No.4

목적 : 난소 병변으로 복강경 수술을 받은 환자를 대상으로 복강경 수술의 장점, 단점, 적용범위 및 합병증 등에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 방법 : 1994년 6월부터 2001년 9월까지 아주대학교 병원에서 난소 병변으로 진단되어 복강경 수술을 시행 받은 354명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 고찰을 시행하였다. 결과 : 환자군의 나이 분포는 13세부터 77세였으며 평균나이는 30.9세였다. 병변의 크기는 7 cm 미만 (265예, 74.9%), 위치는 편측성 (313예, 88.4%)이 대부분이었다. 시행된 수술은 낭종제거술이 가장 많았고 (225 예, 63.6%), 난소난관절제술, 난소절제술, 나팔관절제술, 창문개구술, 조직검사의 순이었다. 수술시간은 최저 10분에서 최고 240분으로 평균 74.2분이었다. 수술 후 병리조직검사 결과에서, 편측성 난소 병변 중 조직검사를 시행한 군에서는 양성기형종이 가장 많았으며 (107/305, 35.1%), 자궁내막종, 낭선종 등의 순이었다. 경계성 종양을 포함한 악성종양은 4예에서 발견되었다 (4/305, 1.3%). 양측성 난소병변 중에는 자궁내막종이 대부분이었으며 (31/41예, 75.6%), 기형종, 낭선종, 섬유종 등의 순이었다. 수술 후 입원기간은 0일에서 19일까지로 평균 2.5일이었다. 대부분이 수술 후 합병증 없이 퇴원하였으며 (347예, 98.0%), 혈관손상으로 인한 혈관종 3예, 농양 형성 1예, 개복술로의 전환 3예가 있었다. 결론 : 복강경 수술은 난소 병변의 치료에 유용하며, 여러 가지 합병증은 적절한 환자군의 선택과 원칙에 따른 수술 및 숙련된 복강경 수술의사에 의해서 해결되어질 수 있는 문제들로 여겨진다. Objective : To assess the advantages, disadvantages, applicability, and complications of operative laparoscopy in ovarian pathologic lesions. Materials and Methods : A retrospective case series which compares 354 patients who had laparoscopic surgery at Ajou University Hospital from June, 1994 to September, 2001 for ovarian pathology. Results : The patient's ages ranged from 13 to 77 years, and their mean age was 30.9 years. Most of the lesions were less than 7 cm in size and unilateral. The operations performed were cystectomy in 225 cases (63.6%), salpingooophorectomy, oophorectomy, salpingectomy and fenestration or biopsy in order. Operative times were between 10 and 240 minutes (mean: 74.2 minutes). Pathologic examinations of unilateral ovarian tumors were performed in 305 cases. The most common pathology of unilateral ovarian tumor was teratoma (107/305, 35.1%), endometrioma and cystadenoma in order. Malignancies were found in 4 cases including borderline malignancy (1.3%). Pathologies of bilateral ovarian tumor were endometrioma (31/41, 75.6%), teratoma, and fibroma in order. Postoperative hospital stays were from 0 days to 19 days (mean: 2.5 days). There were 7 surgical complications including 3 vessel injury related hematomas, 1 abscess formation, and 3 exploratory laparotomy. Conclusions : We concluded that operative laparoscopy was useful in surgery of ovarian lesions, if there are carefully selected patients, standard procedures, and skilled laparoscopic surgeons.