3-D 동작 분석 장치를 이용한 한국성인(20대, 30대)의 동작 범위에 관한 연구

임현균,김진호,박수찬,류신아,이영신 한국운동역학회 1998 한국운동역학회지 Vol.8 No.2

Devices, such as a goniometer, have been used to measure a human being's active range of motion, but interferences between subjects and testers have affected the result precision. In this study, 56 dynamic motion ranges were measured using a 3-D motion analysis system which is quite accurate (2mm error for 1m). The 3-D motion analysis system consists of VICON 140, data acquisition system, and data analysis program (KRISSMAS). 80 Korean subjects (40 males, 28±6.1 aged and 40 females, 28.4±6.9 aged) participated. Subjects were divided into 4 groups by Ro¨hrer's index based on National Anthropometric Survey of Korea 1997. Basic statistical analysis were performed using SPSS (ver. 8.0) programs after refining data. Various comparisons were performed for the right and left side, male and female, age groups (20's, 30's. and 40's-60's) using previous studies. The results show that female subjects have more flexible joints in the neck, hip, ankle, and wrist, while male subjects have more flexibility in their waist. But most of the significances were not high (>0.05). The prediction that the right side of Korean bodies would be mort flexible was not a good hypothesis. And the joints flexibilities are not correlated with Ro¨hrer's Index.

펄스옥시메트리 구현을 위한 FIR 디지털 필터 설계

임현수 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.2

Blood oxygen saturation(SpO_(2)) is an important clinical indicator of patient health. However. pulse oximeter is a complex system that can suffer from the problem of excessive noise. Noise reduction is important to get a precise pulse oximetry reading. We attempted to reduce the noise in the raw signal and to develope an appropriate calibration curve for the pulse oximeter. We used an FIR 35 order Digital Low Pass Filter(LPF) with a signal preprocessor on a measured raw signal to effectively reduce the signal noise. Both applied preprocessor and non-applied preprocessor signals were investigated. By passing the two signals into the 35 order Low pass filter the applied non-preprocessor signal is distorted by peaking noise while the preprocessor signal retains its original characteristics. Therefore. the latter signal is suitable for an appropriate calibration R-curl-e for calculation of pulse oximetry. Application of the preprocessor to the raw signal and passing the signal into a 35 order LPF is appropiate. In this way a calibration curve for 2 pulse oximeter system can be developed. The formulas for SpO_(2) were derived from the calibration curve. These results are useful to obtain an accurate SpO_(2) value for a pulse oximeter system.

신손상 진단에 있어 현미경적 혈뇨의 의의

임정환,오봉렬,나국주,김현수,윤한덕,허 탁,조석주,민용일 大韓應急醫學會 1996 대한응급의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

The evaluation of patients with microscopic hematuria after blunt abdominal trauma has become controversial. We tested the hypothesis that renal contusion can be diagnosed clinically and that these patients do not require radiographic evaluation. To evaluate the association of microscopic hematuria without shock and with renal injury, we reviewed the medical records of 252 patients following blunt abdominal trauma. Microscopic hematuria without shock was noted in 58 of 252 patients. Of the 58 patients 52 had renal contusion, 4 had renal laceration, 1 had a renal rupture and 1 had renal pedicle injury. All of the patients with renal contusions experienced no complications from nonoperative management. But, avoiding a radiopraphic evaluation in patients with blunt renal trauma plus microscopic hematuria and no shock would miss a few cases of severe renal injury.

PDT(Photodynamic Theraphy) 레이저 시스템 개발

임현수 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 2001 충남의대잡지 Vol.28 No.1

A new diode laser system for therapy of cancer is proposed in this paper. In order to accuracy and statistical output control we used the constant current control method and designed the power source to protect the resonator from the over-current, rush-current and electrical fault. The most important things are the radiation type for cancer therapy in laser system, we developed the radiation type of cw, long pulse, and burst pulse. The experimental result show that laser beam power increase linearly from 10mW to 300mW for input current increasing and the exposure time.

채용시 건강진단에서 요ㆍ천추부 단순 방사선 검사의 평가

임현술,김수군,김덕수,이현경,최대섭 대한산업의학회 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Objectives : A study was conducted for investigating the status of simple X-rays on lumbo-sacral regions at pre-employment health examination and analysing the effectiveness of simple X-rays on lumbo-sacral regions. Methods : The study data were pre-employment health examination data in a university hospital from Jan 3, 1993 through October of 1997. And, 97 newly employed workers who claimed no low back pawn at pre-employment health examination of a certain company were follow-up survey about low back pain and related factors in April, 1995 and October of 1997. The data were collected by a self-reported questionnaire and a medical examination with a rehabilitation specialist. Results : 1. Taking the simple X-rays on lumbo-sacral regions was 1,591 workers (10.5%) among 15,166 pre-employment health examination from Jan 3, 1993 through October of 1997. And yearly application rates of these X-ray tests have been significantly statistical increasing (p〈0.01). 2. The abnormal findings of simple X-rays on lumbo-sacral regions at pre-employment health examination were 40 workers. But, there was not significantly statistical difference between normal and abnormal group for the complaint rate of low back pain. 3. The number of case with symptoms of low back pain at the follow-up survey were 46, so The incidence density was 37.1 persons/ 100 person-years. And the incidence density was not significantly statistical difference between normal and abnormal group of simple X-rays on lumbo-sacral regions. 4. Through the multivariate logistic regression, significantly associated factors with low back Pain were found to be tenure(OR=0.36, 95%CI : 0.17-0.79), lifting of heavy materials (OR=5.86, 95%CI : 1.58-21.74) . Conclusion : The simple X-rays on lumbo-sacral regions at pre-employment health examination is required further research for utilizing pre-employment health examination according to above results.

철강업체와 용접봉 제조업체에 근무하는 생산직 근로자의 직업성 요통 유병률과 관련 요인

임현술,김수근,김덕수,김두희,이종민,김양호 大韓産業醫學會 1999 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.11 No.1

A cross-sectional study was conducted for detecting the risk factors and to propose an effective control program for occupational low back pain. The subjects were 1,665 male production workers employed at a steel factory and a welding material manufacturing factory. The data were collected by a self-reported questionnaire and a medical examination with a rehabilitation specialist for ten days in September, 1997. The contents of the questionnaire were as follows: general characteristics, physical characteristics, employment status, type of work, working environment and the experience of low back pain. The number of cases with symptoms of occupational low back pain were 321, so the point prevalence was 19.3 persons/100 persons. The number of cases with a history of occupational low back pain for one year were 554, so the one year period prevalence was 33.3 persons/100 persons. The point and one year period prevalences of occupational low back pain showed no significant differences in age, marital status, educational level and body mass index. The point and one year period prevalences of occupational low back pain showed no significant differences in alcohol drinking, smoking, stretching exercise and regular exercise. The point and one year period prevalences of occupational low back pain were significantly higher in the unsatisfied group that the satisfied group (p<0.01). However, no significant differences were found among tenures and shift work. The point and one year period prevalences of occupational low back pain were significantly higher in the lifting of heavy materials group than the nonlifting group(p<0.01). However, no significant differences were found among posture of the waist and the working posture. Through the multivariate logistic regression, significantly associated factors with occupational low back pain were found to be dissatisfaction with job (point prevalence: OR=1.78, 95% CI: 1.21-2.61: one year prevalence : OR=1.76, 95% CI: 1.26-2.47), lifting of heavy materials(point prevalence OR=1.94 95% CI : 1.44-2.61; one year prevalence: OR=2.17, 95% CI : 1.70-2.77) and tenure (point prevalence : OR=1.03, 95% CI : 1.01-1.06; one year prevalence : OR=1.02, 95% CI : 1.00-1.05).

유리섬유에 의한 피부질환 및 임상적 진단

임현술,김정란,정해관,김수근 大韓産業醫學會 1999 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.11 No.2

This study was conducted to evaluate the health hazards and to develop diagnostic methods of glass fiber workers. We examined 40 male glass fiber workers(exposure group) and 57 male non-glass fiber workers (reference group) with a questionnaire, physical examination, chest x-ray and pathological examination in Mar, 1997. Also we examined 65 male glass fiber workers(exposure group) and 42 male non-glass fiber workers(reference group)with the same methods also we did some energy-dispersive x-ray analyses with a scanning electron microscopic examination in Sep, 1997. Most of the clinical symptoms were significantly more frequent among the exposure group than the reference group. Coughing(32.5%), itching of the nose(30.0%), irritation of eyes(27.5%), irritation of the nose(25.0%) and sputum(22.5%) were the major symptoms among the exposure group in Mar, 1997. Only itching of the nose was significantly more frequent in Sep, 1997. No cases of pneumoconiosis were observed among the groups and there were no differences in chest abnormalities between the exposure group with the reference group on both examinations. The prevalence of dermatosis among the exposure group was 20.0% (8cases) and the cumulative prevalence was 72.5%(29 cases) in Mar, 1997. The prevalence of dermatosis among the exposure group was 23.1% (15 cases)and the cumulative prevalence was 58.5%(38 cases) in Sep, 1997. Onset of dermatosis among the exposure group was most frequent within one month after handling. The frequent sites of skin lesions were the hands and arms on both examinations. Glass fiber induced skin lesions can be diagnosed by the scotch tape method or KOH mount and then can be examined under the light, polarizing and phase-contrast microcopies. Glass fibers can be identified by some energy-dispersive x-ray analyses with a scanning electron microscopic examination.

무수프탈산을 취급하는 근로자들의 알레르기 질환 유병 실태

임현술,김수근,김기식 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.4

Phthalic anhydride(PA) is widely used in the production of alkyd and unsaturated polyester resins. It has been reported that some workers exposed to PA have developed dermatitis, rhinitis and asthma. The authors intended to investigate the prevalence of PA induced allergic diseases and to develop preventive measures of occupational diseases. Forty-five male workers from PA production and handling were selected as an exposure group. Forty-four male workers not handling PA at tie same factory were chosen as a reference group. A symptom questionnaire, doctor's examination, eosinophil count, serum-total IgE and PA-specific IgE were done on the subjects. There were no significant differences in age, educational level. tenure or smoking habits between groups. Most clinical symptoms were significantly more frequent among the exposure group than the reference group: sneezing(62.2%), rhinorrhea(57.8%), nasal stuffiness(53.3%), coughing(44.4%) and nasal itching(35.6%) were the major symptoms among the exposure group(p<0.01, p<0.05). There were no significant differences in eosinophil count and serum-total IgE between groups but the mean level in PA-specific IgE, in the exposure group, was statistically significantly higher than the reference group(p<0.01). Abnormal rates of eosinophil count, serum-total IgE and PA-specific IgE were not significantly different from each other. The prevalence rate was 68.9%(31 cases) for allergic rhinitis in the exposure group, statistically significantly higher than the reference group(p<0.01). The prevalence rate was 6.7%(3 cases) for bronchial asthma and contact dermatitis in the exposure group, not more statistically significant than the reference group. In the exposure group, the prevalence rate for age, educational level, tenure, smoking habits and use of protective devices are not statistically significant. In PA specific IgE, sensitivity is 10.8%, specificity is 100.0%, positive predictability is 100.0% and negative predictability is 61.2% when criteria point is 3.5 KU/ιor above. As a result, it was recognized that the exposure group had a high prevalence of PA induced allergic rhinitis. Also, in diagnosis of PA induced allergic diseases, medical histories and specific symptoms were the most important where as eosinophil count, serum-total IgE are the only indirect informations. PA-specific IgE has been needed to evaluate the meanings more.

동면동물 혈액상의 생리적 변화에 관한 연구

임영민,한현주,박래백,김효성,박경수,노영복 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1990 自然科學硏究 Vol.13 No.1

활동기와 동면기에 동면동물인 살모사에 있어서 혈액내 가스함량과 부분압인 TCO_2, P0_2, PO_2 및 pH와 일반적인 혈액상인 적혈구수, 백혈구수, 혈색소, Hematocrit 등의 변화를 조사한바 다음과 같이 요약하였다. 1. 총이산화탄소량 (TCO_2), 이산화탄소부분압P(C0_2), 산소압(PO_2)과 pH는 활동기보다 동면기 에 증가하였다. 2. 적혈구수, 혈색소, 적혈구백분율(Hematocrit)은 활동기보다 동면기에 약간 증가하는 경향이었다. 3. 백혈구수는 활동기보다 동면기에 뚜렷한 감소를 보였다. 환경온도와 체온의 저하로 인한 혈액내의 변화는 인정할 수 있었다. This thesis were performed in order to study physiological changes of vipers in the active phase and hibernation phase, Physiological changes were blood gas volume and pressure (TCO_2, PCO_2, PO_2), blood pH and blood pictures (RBC, WBC, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit) The obtained results were summalize as follows; 1. TCO_2, PCO_2, PO_2 and pH increased considerably in hibernation phase, compared with active phase. 2. RBC, Hemoglobin and Hematocrit increased slightly in hibernation phase, compared with active phase. 3. WBC, decreased considerably in hibernation phase, compared with active phase 4. The decrease of environmental and body temperature showed change of blood components.

爐보수 근로자의 혈중 Carboxyhemoglobin 농도와 신체증상

임현술,윤덕로,조수헌,김헌 大韓産業醫學會 1993 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.5 No.1

제철소 爐보수 작업에 종사하는 근로자의 일산화탄소 폭로정도를 추정하고, 만성적인 저농도 일산화탄소 폭로가 근로자의 건강에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 제철소 현장에서 일하는 로보수작업 생산직 근로자 808명을 폭로군으로, 제철소 밖에 있는 사무실에서 근무하는 근로자 162명을 대조군으로 하여 흡연, 작업조건, 신체증상 등을 묻는 설문조사를 시행하고 정맥혈을 채취하여 Co-oximeter(Instrumentation Laboratory사, Model482)를 이용하여 carboxyhemoglobin 농도를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 폭로군과 대조군의 혈중 COHb농도는 폭로군이 평균 3.21%, 대조군이 2.36%로 양군간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p-value<0.0001 by T-test). 2) 흡연 습관에 따른 혈중 COHb농도는 흡연자군이 평균 3.88%, 비흡연자군이 0.90%로 양군 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었으며(p-value<0.0001 by T-test) 폭로군과 대조군에서 모두 흡연자와 비흡연자간의 혈중 CPHb 농도는 유의한 차이를 보였다(p-value<0.001 by T-test). 3) 흡연자군의 혈중 COHb 농도는 폭로군과 대조군 사이에 유의한 차이가 있었으나 (p-value<0.05) 비흡연자군에서는 양군간에 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 4) 폭로군이 대조군보다 통계적으로 유의할 정도로 더 높은 발현율을 보였던 증상은 없었다. 흡연자군에서는 비흡연자군에 비하여 '가래'의 발현율이 더 높게 나타났다(p-value<0.001 by χ²-test). 5) 혈중 COHb 농도는 작업종료후 채혈까지의 시간에 따라서는 유의한 변화양상을 보이지 않았던 반면 마지막 흡연후부터 채혈까지의 시간이 길어질수록 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 제철소 로보수 작업 근로자의 일산화탄소 폭로수준은 임상적 증상을 유발할 만큼 높지 않으며 폭로군과 대조군의 혈중 COHb 농도가 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였던 것은 거의 대부분이 흡연습관의 차이에 기인하는 것으로 생각된다. 그러나 고위험군이나 흡연자의 경우에는 저농도 일산화탄소 폭로에 의해서 건강 장해가 유발될 가능성이 높으므로 저농도 일산화탄소에 폭로될 수 있는 작업장에서는 고위험군의 색출과 금연에 대한 교육이 필수적이다. To estimate carbon monoxide(CO) exposure levels and to evaluate health effects of chronic low level CO exposures of furnace-repairing workers, self-administrative questionnaire and venous carboxyhemoglobin(COHb) concentration measurements were performed on 808 furnace-repairing workers(exposed group) and 162 clerical workers(control group). Mean COHb level of furnace-repairing workers(3.21%) was significantly higher than that of clerical workers(2.35%)(p-value<0.0001 by T-test) and mean COHb level of smokers(mean:3.88%) was higher than that of nonsokers(mean:0.90%)(p-value<0.0001 by T-test). Smokers in exposed group showed statistically different COHb levels from those in control group but mean COHb level of nonsmokers in exposed group was not statistically different from that of control group. There was no CO-related symptoms, the positive response rates of which were higher in exposed group. 'Sputum' was the only symptom that showed higher positive rate in smokers. COHb levels did not linearly decrease with the time interval from workshift to blood sampling, while it did with time interval from last smoking to blood sampling. These results suggest that COHb level of furnace-repairing workers mainly depends on the smoking habit and may be related to their occupational CO exposures only to a small degree. Since low level CO exposure may be harmful to high risk patients and to smokers, furnace-repairing compaines require attention to detecting those high risk workers and educating hazardous effects of smoking.