Some new iyengar type inequalities

Lili Xu,Yue Hu 장전수학회 2013 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.23 No.4

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Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility by a Multinational Firm and International Privatization Policies

Lili Xu,Sang-Ho Lee 한국계량경제학회 2021 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC THEORY AND ECONOMETRICS Vol.32 No.1

We consider a multinational global firm that adopts corporate social responsibility (CSR) in two countries and examine international privatization policies with the strategic transmission of CSR. We find that the strategic level of CSR crucially depends on the percentage of the global firm’s shares held in each country. We show that single privatization increases (decreases) CSR when the share is small (large), while dual privatization always leads to the highest CSR. We also show that domestic welfare under global standard of CSR, which is set to improve global welfare, is higher (lower) than that under the global firm’s strategic CSR when the share is small (large). Finally, we show that dual nationalization is a unique equilibrium in an international privatization choice game, irrespective of imposing the global standard of CSR, which causes global welfare loss.

Environmental policies with excess burden of taxation in free-entry mixed markets

Xu, Lili,Lee, Sang-Ho Elsevier 2018 International review of economics and finance Vol.58 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study investigates environmental policies in free-entry mixed markets taking account of excess burden of taxation. We consider and compare the two ex-ante and ex-post tax policies in which the government chooses the optimal environmental tax before or after private firms invest fixed costs and enter the market, respectively. When the excess burden of taxation is small (large), we find that ex-post taxation imposes a lower (higher) tax level than ex-ante taxation, which induces a larger (smaller) number of firms and a higher (lower) environmental damage. We also show that the excess burden of taxation can increase the welfare, but ex-ante taxation always yields higher welfare than ex-post taxation. Finally, we show that privatization policy in a free-entry market decreases environmental damage but increases welfare only when the entry cost is low.</P>

Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility by a Multinational Firm and International Privatization Policies

Lili Xu,이상호 한국계량경제학회 2021 계량경제학보 Vol.32 No.1

We consider a multinational global firm that adopts corporate social responsibility (CSR) in two countries and examine international privatization policies with the strategic transmission of CSR. We find that the strategic level of CSR crucially depends on the percentage of the global firm’s shares held in each country. We show that single privatization increases (decreases) CSR when the share is small (large), while dual privatization always leads to the highest CSR. We also show that domestic welfare under global standard of CSR, which is set to improve global welfare, is higher (lower) than that under the global firm’s strategic CSR when the share is small (large). Finally, we show that dual nationalization is a unique equilibrium in an international privatization choice game, irrespective of imposing the global standard of CSR, which causes global welfare loss.

Preparation and Properties of Functional Fabric Coating Based on SiO2-aerogel/Polyurethane

Lili Xu,Yan Liu,Binjie Xin,Yuanyuan Zhou 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.7

The silane coupling agent modified SiO2 particles, multi aperture silica aerogel and waterborne polyurethaneacrylate (WPUA) were blended to produce resin coated fabrics with good thermal stability, to achieve excellent waterrepellency and a certain protective property. The thermal stability and water repellency of ordinary cotton could be improvedby the hydrophobic SiO2 particles, WPUA and silica aerogel (SA) powders on the fabric surface. Our experimental resultsillustrated that the thermal stability of the coated fabric was greatly improved by adding aerogels and silane modified SiO2,and the amount of residual carbon increased significantly at 600 °C as the corresponding residues of SA/WPUA coated fabricfinally could be 13.19 %. The water contact angle of the fabric was obviously increased after the silane modified SiO2particles mixed with SA/WPUA. It was found that the more aerogel added, the larger the contact angle was, and the contactangel reached about 120 ° when the aerogel was 4 wt%. It could be proved that the coated fabric had a certain surface selfcleaningeffect. The tensile tests characterized that the stress of the coated fabric reached the maximum value of 64 MPawhen the aerogel dosage was 2 wt%. Chemical resistance analysis suggested that the fabric had similar chemical resistanceafter the integration of porous aerogel particles. However, unlike most polyurethane coatings, the majority of chemicals wereadsorbed in aerogel coatings. The infrared spectrum of the coating samples showed that the coating surface was stable, whichwas attributed to the interfacial adhesion between cotton fiber and polyurethane adhesive. The appearance of aerogel andSiO2 particles dispersed on the fabric surface was analyzed by SEM. All outcomes indicated a significant improvement ingeneral properties of WPUA coatings by adding a handful of silica aerogel (0.5-4 wt %).

국제 혼합 복점시장에서 관세 및 환경세를 고려한 전략적 민영화

Lili Xu(허려려),Sang-Ho Lee(이상호) 한국산업경제학회 2013 한국산업경제학회 정기학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.- No.추계

Comparative morphology of sensilla on antenna, maxillary palp and labial palp of larvae of white‐spotted and yellow‐spotted Asian long‐horned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Yuchao Yang,Lili XU,Lili REN,Zhichun XU,Shixiang ZONG 한국곤충학회 2017 Entomological Research Vol.47 No.1

The Asian long‐horned beetle (ALB) is one of the most important wood‐boring insects worldwide that damages broad‐leaved trees, primarily poplar, willow, elm and maple. Based on the color of the spots on the elytra, the beetles are separated into white‐spotted (ALB‐W) and yellow‐spotted (ALB‐Y) Asian long‐horned beetles. In order to clarify the morphology of sensilla on antenna, maxillary palp and labial palp of ALB‐W and ALB‐Y larvae, we studied the typology, morphology, number and distribution of the sensilla by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that: (i) the antennae of two biotypes had five types of sensilla, including three types of sensilla basiconica (b.) and two types of sensilla twig basiconica (s.tb); numbers of b.1, b.2, b.3 and s.tb1 on antenna were not significantly different (P > 0.05) between two biotypes, and the numbers of s.tb2 were significantly different (P < 0.05); (ii) the maxillary palp of two biotypes had four types of sensilla, including sensilla styloconica (st.), two types of s.tb and digitiform sensilla (ds.); the numbers of st. and ds. on the maxillary palp were not significantly different (P > 0.05) between two biotypes, and the numbers of s.tb1 and s.tb2 were significantly different (P < 0.05); (iii) the labial palp of two biotypes had four types of sensilla, including b., st. and two types of s.tb, and the numbers of b.3, st., s.tb1 and s.tb2 on the labial palp were not significantly different (P > 0.05) between two biotypes. We discuss the relationships between sensilla and damage caused by the larvae inside the host trees.

Development of stress-tolerant transgenic plants via RNA metabolism control

Hunseung Kang,Tao Xu,Lili Gu,Min Kyung Kim,Su Jung Park 한국육종학회 2013 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2013 No.07

Environmental stresses including drought, extreme temperatures, and high salinity are major factors that severely limit crop productivity worldwide. To overcome yield loss due to these environmental stresses, a large number of researches have been conducted to understand how plants respond to and adapt these environmental stresses. Posttranscriptional regulation as well as transcriptional regulation of gene expression is recognized as a key regulatory process in plant stress responses, and these cellular processes are regulated by diverse RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Over the last years, we have extensively investigated the functional roles of RBPs that harbor an RNA-recognition motif at the N-terminal half and a glycine-rich region at the C-terminal half (glycine-rich RNA-binding proteins, GRPs), zinc finger-containing GRP, and cold shock domain proteins (CSDPs) in Arabidopsis thaliana, rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and rapeseed (Brasicca napus) under stress conditions. Our comparative analysis demonstrated that certain family members display RNA chaperone function during stress adaptation process in monocotyledonous plants as well as in dicotyledonous plants. These findings point to the importance of the regulation of mRNA metabolism in plant response to environmental stresses and shed new light on the practical application of these RBPs to develop stress-tolerant transgenic crops.

Culture of a Whole Porcine Liver Ex Situ without Red Blood Cells

( Jing Dong ),( Lingling Xia ),( Hefang Shen ),( Congwen Bian ),( Sujin Bao ),( Ming Zhang ),( Yan Dai ),( Yanhong Xu ),( Qiru Xiong ),( Jianjian Xu ),( Lili Xu ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: Liver transplantation is an effective approach to end-stage liver disease. Shortage of donor liver and increased waiting time for liver transplantation necessitate the development of an organ culture system by which livers can be cultured and maintained ex situ for a prolonged period of time. The aim of this work is to test whether cell culture condition in vitro could be used to culture whole livers ex situ without the use of erythrocytes. Methods: Eight castrated male land race/farm young porcine livers were exposed to 30 min warm ischemia and 30 min cold perfusion. Livers were isolated and connected to an ex situ liver culture system using a standard culture medium RPMI 1640 supplied with 10% of fetal calf serum and sufficient dissolved oxygen under a normothermic condition for 6 hours. Metabolic biomarkers, bile and urea production, hepatic cell viability, and histology analysis of biopsies were performed and analyzed. Results: Dissociated porcine hepatic cells survived and grew in vitro under the standard RPMI 1640 culture medium. When the same RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% of FCS and sufficient oxygen was used to culture livers ex situ, over 98% of liver cells were viable for at least 6 hours during ex situ whole organ culture based on the results from biochemical assays. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that the liver culture system established in this work can be used to culture whole livers ex situ in the absence of erythrocytes.

Insect-resistant Mechanism of Recombinant Baculovirus AcMNPVPK2- EGFP against Spodoptera exigua Larvae

Lili Wei,Chenggang Xu,Ai-Hua Liang,Yuejun Fu 한국생물공학회 2019 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.24 No.4

Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is a kind of potential biological insecticide. Ac-PK2 protein encoded by orf123 in AcMNPV genome can inhibit eIF2α family kinases to increase viral adaptation in vivo. In our previous study, it was found that recombinant AcMNPV-PK2-EGFP showed high virulence and anti-insect activity against Sf9 cells and Spodoptera exigua larvae. In this study, we investigated the function of Ac-PK2 protein in the insecticidal activity of AcMNPV and the anti-insect mechanism. AcMNPV-PK2- EGFP up-regulated the expression of Ac-pk2 gene in midgut and nerve cord in infected Spodoptera exigua larvae, compared with these in wild-type treatment group. Transcriptional level of BmK IT and detoxication related genes in epidermis, midgut and nerve cord was detected by quantitative PCR. Phenoloxidase activity assay showed that the insect’s humoral immunity was affected by AcMNPV-PK2-EGFP in a time-effect relationship. Western blot analysis of P53 protein indicated the apoptotic level in the midgut tissue was higher in AcMNPV-BmK IT and AcMNPV-PK2-EGFP co-infeced Spodoptera exigua larvae than that in other treatment groups at 4 h and 8 h postinfection. These results provided a theoretical basis to study the application of AcMNPV-PK2-EGFP as a biological insecticide.