Liquid crystal alignment on patterned-alignment films

Lias, Jais Bin,Oo, Thet Naing,Yazawa, Tomohiro,Kimura, Munehiro,Akahane, Tadashi The Korean Infomation Display Society 2011 Journal of information display Vol.12 No.2

To come up with a bistable liquid crystal (LC) device using unpolarized UV light, single-step laser patterning on a photoalignment layer using a photomask was proposed to achieve an equilibrium configuration of LC molecules in contact with a periodically patterned substrate. The patterns were formed by stripes of alternating random planar and homeotropic anchoring on a submicrometer scale in the order of $0.5{\mu}m$. Two possible configurations of bistable LC cells that can be obtained by combining a micropatterned surface formed with alternating random-planar- and homeotropic-alignment with planar- or homeotropic-alignment surfaces were proposed. The alignment properties of the two proposed models were investigated, along with the microscopic switching behavior of micropatterned nematic LC cells.

Liquid crystal alignment on patterned-alignment films

Jais Bin Lias,Thet Naing Oo,Tomohiro Yazawa,Munehiro Kimura,Tadashi Akahanea 한국정보디스플레이학회 2011 Journal of information display Vol.12 No.2

To come up with a bistable liquid crystal (LC) device using unpolarized UV light, single-step laser patterning on a photoalignment layer using a photomask was proposed to achieve an equilibrium configuration of LC molecules in contact with a periodically patterned substrate. The patterns were formed by stripes of alternating random planar and homeotropic anchoring on a submicrometer scale in the order of 0.5μm. Two possible configurations of bistable LC cells that can be obtained by combining a micropatterned surface formed with alternating random-planar- and homeotropic-alignment with planar- or homeotropic-alignment surfaces were proposed. The alignment properties of the two proposed models were investigated, along with the microscopic switching behavior of micropatterned nematic LC cells.

A Survey of American and Canadian's Food Purchasing Practices and Perception of Restaurant Patronage

Joo, Nami,Kennon, Lisa R. 한국식생활문화학회 2002 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

본 연구는 한국에 거주하는 미국인 및 캐나다인의 식품구입 및 한국식당 이용실태를 조사한 결과 한국마켓에서의 식재료가 안전한지를 묻는 질문에 38%가 아니라고 응답하였고 77%가 음용수의 안전성을 확신한다고 대답하였으나 54%의 응답자는 수입된 물을 구입해서 마신다고 하였으며 한국음식을 상당히 좋아하고 한국음식점을 즐겨 찾는 것으로 나타났으며 한국음식의 단맛, 짠맛, spicy한 정도는 강하지 않다고 응답하였고 식당 종업원들의 위생관념에는 만족하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 대부분의 응답자가 한국마켓에서 식재료의 안전도에 관해서는 신뢰하고 있었으나, 일부 응답자들은 본국의 음용수 및 음식을 가져다 먹는다고 응답한 것으로 보아 식재료에 대한 더욱 철저한 위생관리가 필요하다고 여겨지며, 또한 한국음식점 이용에 대한 질문에서도 전반적으로 좋은 반응을 보였으나 종업원의 위생관념의 부족을 지적한 바, 음식점에서의 위생분야에 더욱 주의를 기울여야 할 것을 지적하고자 한다.

Changes in means and extreme events of temperature and precipitation in the Asia-Pacific Network region, 1955–2007

Choi, Gwangyong,Collins, Dean,Ren, Guoyu,Trewin, Blair,Baldi, Marina,Fukuda, Yoshikazu,Afzaal, Muhammad,Pianmana, Theeraluk,Gomboluudev, Purevjav,Huong, Pham Thi Thanh,Lias, Norlisam,Kwon, Won-Tae,Boo John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2009 International journal of climatology Vol.29 No.13

<P>In this study, spatial and temporal patterns of changes in extreme events of temperature and precipitation at 143 weather stations in ten Asia-Pacific Network (APN) countries and their associations with changes in climate means are examined for the 1955–2007 period. Averaged over the APN region, annual frequency of cool nights (days) has decreased by 6.4 days/decade (3.3 days/decade), whereas the frequency of warm nights (days) has increased by 5.4 days/decade (3.9 days/decade). The change rates in the annual frequency of warm nights (days) over the last 20 years (1988–2007) have exceeded those over the full 1955–2007 period by a factor of 1.8 (3.4). Seasonally, the frequencies of summer warm nights and days are changing more rapidly per unit change in mean temperatures than the corresponding frequencies for cool nights and days. However, normalization of the extreme and mean series shows that the rate of changes in extreme temperature events are generally less than that of mean temperatures, except for winter cold nights which are changing as rapidly as the winter mean minimum temperature. These results indicate that there have been seasonally and diurnally asymmetric changes in extreme temperature events relative to recent increases in temperature means in the APN region.</P><P>There are no systematic, regional trends over the study period in total precipitation, or in the frequency and duration of extreme precipitation events. Statistically significant trends in extreme precipitation events are observed at fewer than 30% of all weather stations, with no spatially coherent pattern of change, whereas statistically significant changes in extreme temperature events have occurred at more than 70% of all weather stations, forming strongly coherent spatial patterns. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society</P>

蘇東坡 硏究

劉麗雅 명지대학교 인문과학연구소 2000 인문과학연구논총 Vol.21 No.-

Right-sided acute diverticulitis in the West: experience at a university hospital in Argentina

Huatuco René M. Palacios,Pachajoa Diana A. Pantoja,Liaño Julian E.,Molina Héctor A. Picón,Palencia Rafael,Doniquian Alejandro M.,Parodi Matías 대한대장항문학회 2023 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.39 No.2

Purpose: In the West, diverticular disease is located mainly in the left colon. However, it can also present in the right colon, with an incidence of 1%–2% in Caucasians. The purpose of this study was to describe our experience in right-sided acute diverticulitis (RD). Methods: In this retrospective study, 410 patients with acute diverticulitis treated from 2013 to 2020 were included in a university hospital in Córdoba, Argentina. Colonic diverticulitis was stratified into 2 groups; RD and left-sided acute diverticulitis. Demographic and clinical variables, laboratory and imaging findings, type of treatment, follow-up, and recurrence were analyzed. Results: Sixteen patients (3.9%) with RD were identified; 62.5% were male and the mean age was 40.7±11.7 years. A total of 81.3% were Caucasian and 18.7% Native American. Significant differences were found between both groups of diverticulitis; patients with RD were younger (P=0.001), with lower BMI (P=0.01), comorbidity rate (P=0.01), Charlson comorbidity index (P=0.02), hospital stay (P=0.01), severity according to the Hinchey classification (P=0.001) and had a lower recurrence rate (P=0.001). There were no significant differences in sex (P=0.95), duration of pain until admission (P=0.05), laboratory findings (P=0.23) and treatment (P=0.34). Conclusion: Conservative treatment predominated in RD, with a lower rate of complications and recurrences, providing data that support conservative therapy as initial treatment in RD in our environment.

Assessing aquatic toxicity of leachates from shoe sole fragments

Lia Kim(김리아),Dokyung Kim(김도경),Sang A Kim(김상아),Haemi Kim(김해미),Tae-Yang Lee(이태양),Youn-Joo An(안윤주) 환경독성보건학회 2021 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2021 No.5

Microplastics generated from the land contribute a high portion of plastic waste, such as shoe sole fragments or tire wear. These particles could be exposed to aquatic environments in all days and leaching some chemicals such as additives, used in the product manufacturing process. This study investigated the toxicity of shoe sole fragments on three aquatic organisms (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Daphnia magna, and Danio rerio) using their leachates. The adverse effects on each test species were measured and chemical component analysis in each leachate were conducted. The results of toxicity effects and chemical component were compared and the most relevant chemical were determined using the principal component analysis. In results, the aquatic toxicity was highly related to the chemicals such as benzothiazole, carbon disulfide, and p-xylene, which were detected only in sneakers leachates. These results indicate that the road-originated microplastics could leach some toxic chemicals when exposed to aquatic media, inducing the significant adverse effects on the aquatic organisms. The small-size plastic discharge have a risk of their chemical-leaching property that it would be essential to regulate the chemicals in plastic-production process to prevent from the severity of microplastic toxicity.

Methodological Study on Measurement of Hydrogen Abundance in Hydrogen Isotopes System by Low Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Lia, Jin-Ying,Shib, Lei,Hub, Shi-Lin Korean Society for Mass Spectrometry 2011 Mass spectrometry letters Vol.2 No.1

China's rapid economic growth has resulted in significant environmental side effects. Therefore, China has been interested in reducing her dependence on foreign oil and gas by developing technologies needed for hydrogen, in addition to her increasing energy mix of nuclear and renewable energy form, such as solar and wind power. There are three isotopes of hydrogen, i.e. protium (P or H), deuterium (D), and tritium (T). Both deuterium and tritium are important materials in nuclear fuel cycle industry. Tritium is one of the critical radioactive nuclides. Planning for and implementing contamination control as a part of normal operation and maintenance activities is an important function in any hydrogen facility, especially tritium facility. The development of hydrogen isotopes analysis is the key issues in this area. Mass spectrometry (MS) with medium (about 600) and high resolution (> 1,400) is commercially available; however, the routine analysis of hydrogen isotopes is done with low-resolution MS (< 200) in China. This paper summarizes the progress of MS measurement technology for hydrogen isotope abundance in China, focusing on our lab's research program and technical status. An analyzing method has been introduced for accurate measurement of tritium abundance in the H.D.T system by low resolution MAT-253 MS. The quotient of compression ratio coefficient is determined by building up equipment for laboratory-scale preparation of secondary standard gases and by considering the difference in sensitivity between hydrogen isotopes. The results show that the measured value is reproducible within the relative error range of 0.8% for gas samples of different tritium abundance.

Application of Linkage Disequilibrium Mapping Methods to Detect QTL for Carcass Quality on Chromosome 6 Using a High Density SNP Map in Hanwoo

Lia, Y.,Lee, J.H.,Lee, Y.M.,Kim, J.J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.4

The purpose of this study was to detect QTL for carcass quality on bovine chromosome (BTA) 6 using a high density SNP map in a Hanwoo population. The data set comprised 45 sires and their 427 Hanwoo steers that were born between spring of 2005 and fall of 2007. The steers that were used for progeny testing in the Hanwoo Improvement Center in Seosan, Korea, were genotyped with the 2,535SNPs on BTA6 that were embedded in the Illumina bovine SNP 50K chip. Four different linkage disequilibrium (LD) mapping models were applied to detect significant SNPs for carcass quality traits; the fixed model with a single marker, the random model with a single marker, the random model with haplotype effects using two adjacent markers, and the random model at hidden state. A total of twelve QTL were detected, for which four, one, three and four SNPs were detected on BTA6 under the respective models (p<0.001). Among the detected QTL, four, two, five and one QTL were associated with carcass weight, backfat thickness, longissimus dorsi muscle area, and marbling score, respectively (p<0.001). Our results suggest that the use of multiple LD mapping approaches may be beneficial in increasing power to detect QTL given a limited sample size and magnitude of QTL effect.

Chronic toxicity assessment of microplastics by their sizes on Artemia franciscana

Lia Kim(김리아),Haemi Kim(김해미),Yubeen Song(송유빈),Youn-Joo An(안윤주) 환경독성보건학회 2023 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2023 No.11