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Growth of Highly Single Crystalline IrO<sub>2</sub> Nanowires and Their Electrochemical Applications
Lee, Yumin,Kang, Minkyung,Shim, Jun Ho,Lee, Nam-Suk,Baik, Jeong Min,Lee, Youngmi,Lee, Chongmok,Kim, Myung Hwa American Chemical Society 2012 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.116 No.34
<P>We present the facile growth of highly single crystalline iridium dioxide (IrO<SUB>2</SUB>) nanowires on SiO<SUB>2</SUB>/Si and Au substrates via a simple vapor phase transport process under atmospheric pressure without any catalyst. Particularly, high-density needle-like IrO<SUB>2</SUB> nanowires were readily obtained on a single Au microwire, suggesting that the melted surface layer of Au might effectively enhance the nucleation of gaseous IrO<SUB>3</SUB> precursors at the growth temperature. In addition, all the electrochemical observations of the directly grown IrO<SUB>2</SUB> nanowires on a single Au microwire support favorable electron-transfer kinetics of [Fe(CN<SUB>6</SUB>)]<SUP>4–/3–</SUP> as well as Ru(NH<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>6</SUB><SUP>3+/2+</SUP> at the highly oriented crystalline IrO<SUB>2</SUB> nanowire surface. Furthermore, stable pH response is shown, revealing potential for use as a miniaturized pH sensor, confirmed by the calibration curve exhibiting super-Nernstian behavior with a slope of 71.6 mV pH<SUP>–1</SUP>.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2012/jpccck.2012.116.issue-34/jp306900m/production/images/medium/jp-2012-06900m_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jp306900m'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Kang, Minkyung,Lee, Yumin,Jung, Hayoung,Shim, Jun Ho,Lee, Nam-Suk,Baik, Jeong Min,Lee, Sang Cheol,Lee, Chongmok,Lee, Youngmi,Kim, Myung Hwa American Chemical Society 2012 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - Vol.84 No.21
<P>We demonstrate highly efficient electocatalytic activities of single crystalline RuO<SUB>2</SUB> nanorods grown on carbon fiber (CF), i.e., RuO<SUB>2</SUB> nanorod-CF hybrid microelectrode, prepared by a simple thermal annealing process from the Ru(OH)<SUB>3</SUB> precursor at 300 °C. The general electrochemical activity of a RuO<SUB>2</SUB> nanorod-CF microelectrode represents faster electron transfer for the [Fe(CN)<SUB>6</SUB>]<SUP>3–/4–</SUP> couple than that of the bare CF microelectrode which are confirmed from the cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurement. Also, the amperometric response for the H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> oxidation is remarkably facilitated at the RuO<SUB>2</SUB> nanorod-CF microelectrode by not only the enlarged surface area but the high electrocatalytic activity of the RuO<SUB>2</SUB> nanorod material itself. Furthermore, a single microelectrode of RuO<SUB>2</SUB> nanorod-CF exhibits the superior tolerance to Cl<SUP>–</SUP> ion poisoning unlike Pt-based electrocatalysts, indicating the promising sensor candidate in physiological conditions.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancham/2012/ancham.2012.84.issue-21/ac302334t/production/images/medium/ac-2012-02334t_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ac302334t'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Chun, Sung Hee,Choi, Hyun-A,Kang, Minkyung,Koh, Moonjee,Lee, Nam-Suk,Lee, Sang Cheol,Lee, Minyung,Lee, Youngmi,Lee, Chongmok,Kim, Myung Hwa American Chemical Society 2013 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.5 No.17
<P>Highly efficient single crystalline ruthenium–vanadium mixed metal oxide (Ru<SUB>1–<I>x</I></SUB>V<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>, 0 ≤ <I>x</I> ≤ 1) nanowires were prepared on a SiO<SUB>2</SUB> substrate and a commercial Au microelectrode for the first time through a vapor-phase transport process by adjusting the mixing ratios of RuO<SUB>2</SUB> and VO<SUB>2</SUB> precursors. Single crystalline Ru<SUB>1–<I>x</I></SUB>V<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> nanowires show homogeneous solid-solution characteristics as well as the distinct feature of having remarkably narrow dimensional distributions. The electrochemical observations of a Ru<SUB>1–<I>x</I></SUB>V<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> (<I>x</I> = 0.28 and 0.66)-decorated Au microelectrode using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrate favorable charge-transfer kinetics of [Fe(CN)<SUB>6</SUB>]<SUP>3–/4–</SUP> and Ru(NH<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>6</SUB><SUP>3+/2+</SUP> couples compared to that of a bare Au microelectrode. The catalytic activity of Ru<SUB>1–<I>x</I></SUB>V<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> for oxygen and H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> reduction at neutral pH increases as the fraction of vanadium increases within our experimental conditions, which might be useful in the area of biofuel cells and biosensors.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2013/aamick.2013.5.issue-17/am4016445/production/images/medium/am-2013-016445_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am4016445'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Youngmi Lee,Mi-Hyun Kim,Jae Eun Shim,Haeryun Park 한국영양학회 2020 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.14 No.6
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to improve portion size estimation aids (PSEAs) used in the nutrition survey of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and validate the accuracy and precision of the newly developed aids. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We conducted intensive interviews with survey experts in KNHANES and consulted with experts to collect opinions about improvement of PSEAs. Based on the results of the interviews, 5 types of PSEAs (rice bowl, earthen pots, mounds, measuring spoons, and thickness sticks) were newly developed using 3-dimensional (3D) modeling or modification of color or shape. Validation tests were conducted with 96 adults 20 years old or older. For the rice bowl and earthen pots, the participants were asked to select the more similar PSEA in size after being shown the real dishes. For the mounds, measuring spoons, and thickness sticks, the participants were presented with actual plates of food and asked to estimate the given portion sizes using the given PSEAs. RESULTS: The improved 2-dimensional (2D) picture aid for the rice bowl reflecting the size distortion by angle of view using 3D modeling was perceived more closely to the actual size than the current 2D picture (P < 0.001). The change of the color of 2D pictures and 3D models, the change of shape of the measuring spoons, and the 3-dimensionalization of the 2D mounds had no significant improvement in the subjects" perception. CONCLUSIONS: The currently used 2D PSEAs need to be fully redesigned using 3D modeling to improve subjects" perception. However, change of color or shape will not be necessary. For amorphous foods, it is suggested that more evaluation be performed before reaching a final conclusion in the use of PSEAs, or alternative ways to improve accuracy of estimation need to be explored.
Heterogeneity of Skin Oxygen Density Distribution: Relation to Location of Acupuncture Points
Youngmi Lee,Gwanyung Lee,Sarah S. Park,Angela Jang,Gil-Ja Jhon 사단법인약침학회 2009 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.2 No.4
To investigate possible functions of acupuncture, oxygen (O2) levels were measured at two different acupuncture points (APs) [Hegu and Laogong] and at the corresponding non-APs (3−5 cm away from the APs) in real time using a high sensitive electrochemical O2 microsensor. The sensor had a small planar sensing platinum disk (diameter = 25 μm) and therefore was able to monitor the O2 levels at the localized APs. Significantly higher O2 levels (p < 0.05) were observed at both APs (n = 5, without exceptions) in comparison with the non-APs. Sufficient sensor sensitivity to distinguish the O2 level differences between APs and non-APs was achieved. This research provides useful information on possible functions of APs and meridians. To investigate possible functions of acupuncture, oxygen (O2) levels were measured at two different acupuncture points (APs) [Hegu and Laogong] and at the corresponding non-APs (3−5 cm away from the APs) in real time using a high sensitive electrochemical O2 microsensor. The sensor had a small planar sensing platinum disk (diameter = 25 μm) and therefore was able to monitor the O2 levels at the localized APs. Significantly higher O2 levels (p < 0.05) were observed at both APs (n = 5, without exceptions) in comparison with the non-APs. Sufficient sensor sensitivity to distinguish the O2 level differences between APs and non-APs was achieved. This research provides useful information on possible functions of APs and meridians.
성명상표의 사용권에 관한 논의 - 아이돌 그룹과 전소속사 간에 상표권 분쟁을 중심으로 -
Lee, Diane Youngmi,홍선기 유럽헌법학회 2022 유럽헌법연구 Vol.- No.40
Currently, a big wave of Korean culture is heating up the world, which indeed contributes to growing economy of Korea. In addition to the income earned from sales of music records and movies, the marketing business using the names of celebrities also forms a big size of market. As a result, there were often legal disputes arising from the rights of trademarks including the stage name or group name of celebrities. In particular, just before the end of the exclusive contract, the agency registered the celebrity's name as a trademark, thereby provoking a legal dispute between the former agency and the celebrities. In this study, we discussed whom the trademark rights, including celebrities’ names, should belong to. In the first session, we introduced two examples for disputes in regard to the trademarks including the idol group names. To express our critical opinions on this, it was discussed that the current trademark law could infringe on the personal rights guaranteed by the Constitution. Furthermore, our opinions to reasonably compromise these conflicts between the legal rights were proposed as follows. First of all, we suggest that it is necessary to legislate the publicity right, so that the personal right of celebrities can be protected as the property right is. Because the process of enacting a new law is very difficult, we proposed another idea to revise the current law. Thus, we noted that some provisions of the Trademark Act and the Unfair Competition Prevention Act are needed to be revised for preventing the infringement of the personal rights, and also proposed our opinions on how to revise these provisions.